HNI 464 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
100% CORECT ANSWERS!!
What is acute laryngotracheobronchitis also called?
croup
What is croup?
inflammation of the upper airway
What is croup usually caused by?
Viruses:
- Parainfluenza 1 & 3
- Influenza A & B
- RSV
What are the symptoms of croup?
- URI
- Fever
- Nocturnal barking cough
- May be spasmodic in the morning
- Stridor that worsens when the child is upset
- Respiratory rate is usually normal
What is the Steeples sign?
Narrowing of trachea airway seen in an x-ray
What are the differences between mild, moderate, and severe croup?
Mild:
- Child is alert and without blue tinged skin or retractions
- Barking cough
- Stridor not present at rest but present with coughing or crying
- No oxygen problem
, Moderate:
- Some stridor and retractions at rest
- May be disoriented or agitated
- Moderate difficulty breathing
Severe:
- Stridor and retractions at rest
- Periods of apnea
- Child is anxious, agitated, fatigues
- Cyanosis is common
What is the treatment of croup?
Most causes of croup are viral so supportive care is done, no antibiotics
Mild croup:
- Cool mist or steam
- Cool night air
- Educate parents for symptom management
Moderate to severe croup:
- Medical evaluation is needed
- Treatment depends on type and severity of the signs and symptoms (O2, IV fluid)
- Humidified O2
- Medications: corticosteroids, racemic epinephrine
True or false: Epiglottis is not an emergency.
False- AN EMERGENCY BECAUSE IT CAUSES AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
What is the most common cause of epiglottis?
H. influenzae B (HIB)
100% CORECT ANSWERS!!
What is acute laryngotracheobronchitis also called?
croup
What is croup?
inflammation of the upper airway
What is croup usually caused by?
Viruses:
- Parainfluenza 1 & 3
- Influenza A & B
- RSV
What are the symptoms of croup?
- URI
- Fever
- Nocturnal barking cough
- May be spasmodic in the morning
- Stridor that worsens when the child is upset
- Respiratory rate is usually normal
What is the Steeples sign?
Narrowing of trachea airway seen in an x-ray
What are the differences between mild, moderate, and severe croup?
Mild:
- Child is alert and without blue tinged skin or retractions
- Barking cough
- Stridor not present at rest but present with coughing or crying
- No oxygen problem
, Moderate:
- Some stridor and retractions at rest
- May be disoriented or agitated
- Moderate difficulty breathing
Severe:
- Stridor and retractions at rest
- Periods of apnea
- Child is anxious, agitated, fatigues
- Cyanosis is common
What is the treatment of croup?
Most causes of croup are viral so supportive care is done, no antibiotics
Mild croup:
- Cool mist or steam
- Cool night air
- Educate parents for symptom management
Moderate to severe croup:
- Medical evaluation is needed
- Treatment depends on type and severity of the signs and symptoms (O2, IV fluid)
- Humidified O2
- Medications: corticosteroids, racemic epinephrine
True or false: Epiglottis is not an emergency.
False- AN EMERGENCY BECAUSE IT CAUSES AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
What is the most common cause of epiglottis?
H. influenzae B (HIB)
