BIO 207 UMICH EXAM 2 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Proton motive force - CORRECT ANSWER - drives protons across membrane
Stores energy to make ATP
Electron transport system - CORRECT ANSWER - Electrons move from reduced food
molecules onto energy carriers, then onto membrane protein carriers, and then onto oxygen or
oxidized minerals.
Converts energy into ion potential across membrane (PMF)
Most energy-yielding reactions involve transfer of electrons from ____ to _____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - reduced donor; oxidized acceptor
Organotrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - Organic electron donors and inorganic OR
organic terminal electron acceptors
Lithotrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - Inorganic electron donors and inorganic OR
organic terminal acceptors
Phototrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - involves light capture by chlorophyll, usually
coupled to splitting of H2S or H2O or organic molecules
Reduction potential - CORRECT ANSWER - tendency of a compound to accept electrons
Delta G - CORRECT ANSWER - Change in free energy
Proportional to reduction potential between oxidized form and reduced form
,What is a favored reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - Positive E
Negative Delta G
Standard reduction potential assumes... - CORRECT ANSWER - assumes all reactants and
products equal 1M at pH 7.
Relationship between delta g and standard reduction potential - CORRECT ANSWER -
positive standard reduction potential means a negative delta g.
this would favor a reaction
Where is ETS in bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - cell membrane
where is ETS in eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER - cristae folds of inner mitochondrial
membrane.
Oxidoreductases - CORRECT ANSWER - electron transport proteins
- they oxidize one substrate and reduce another
- couple different half-reactions
- consist of multiple-protein complexes that include cytochromes or non cytochrome proteins
Cytochrome - CORRECT ANSWER - colored proteins, whose absorbance spectrum shifts
when there is a change in redox state.
Pattern of cytochromes down the ETC - CORRECT ANSWER - increasing reduction
potential as you go down (more likely to gain an electron).
each time an electron is passed, there is a small amount of energy provided to the organism
What processes does PMF drive? - CORRECT ANSWER - ATP synthesis
, flagellar rotation
nutrient uptake
drug efflux in pathogens
Chemiosmotic theory - CORRECT ANSWER - energy from electron transfer between
membrane proteins is used to pump across the membrane, accumulating a higher H+
concentration in the compartment outside
What can drive ATP synthesis (chemiosmotic theory) - CORRECT ANSWER - ph
difference
charge difference
across a membrane
Respiratory ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - aerobic bacteria.
NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons to O2, making H2O.
Cofactors - CORRECT ANSWER - mediate the small energy transitions
1) metal ions like iron or copper, held in place with amino acid residues
2) conjugated double bonds and heteroaromatic rings, like nicotinamide ring of NAD+/NADH
Quinone - CORRECT ANSWER - electron carriers that are mobile within the membrane
example: ubiquinone, which can be reduced to ubiquinol
Quinol - CORRECT ANSWER - carry electrons and protons laterally within a membrane
between proton pumping complexes of the ETS.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Proton motive force - CORRECT ANSWER - drives protons across membrane
Stores energy to make ATP
Electron transport system - CORRECT ANSWER - Electrons move from reduced food
molecules onto energy carriers, then onto membrane protein carriers, and then onto oxygen or
oxidized minerals.
Converts energy into ion potential across membrane (PMF)
Most energy-yielding reactions involve transfer of electrons from ____ to _____ - CORRECT
ANSWER - reduced donor; oxidized acceptor
Organotrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - Organic electron donors and inorganic OR
organic terminal electron acceptors
Lithotrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - Inorganic electron donors and inorganic OR
organic terminal acceptors
Phototrophy ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - involves light capture by chlorophyll, usually
coupled to splitting of H2S or H2O or organic molecules
Reduction potential - CORRECT ANSWER - tendency of a compound to accept electrons
Delta G - CORRECT ANSWER - Change in free energy
Proportional to reduction potential between oxidized form and reduced form
,What is a favored reaction - CORRECT ANSWER - Positive E
Negative Delta G
Standard reduction potential assumes... - CORRECT ANSWER - assumes all reactants and
products equal 1M at pH 7.
Relationship between delta g and standard reduction potential - CORRECT ANSWER -
positive standard reduction potential means a negative delta g.
this would favor a reaction
Where is ETS in bacteria - CORRECT ANSWER - cell membrane
where is ETS in eukaryotes - CORRECT ANSWER - cristae folds of inner mitochondrial
membrane.
Oxidoreductases - CORRECT ANSWER - electron transport proteins
- they oxidize one substrate and reduce another
- couple different half-reactions
- consist of multiple-protein complexes that include cytochromes or non cytochrome proteins
Cytochrome - CORRECT ANSWER - colored proteins, whose absorbance spectrum shifts
when there is a change in redox state.
Pattern of cytochromes down the ETC - CORRECT ANSWER - increasing reduction
potential as you go down (more likely to gain an electron).
each time an electron is passed, there is a small amount of energy provided to the organism
What processes does PMF drive? - CORRECT ANSWER - ATP synthesis
, flagellar rotation
nutrient uptake
drug efflux in pathogens
Chemiosmotic theory - CORRECT ANSWER - energy from electron transfer between
membrane proteins is used to pump across the membrane, accumulating a higher H+
concentration in the compartment outside
What can drive ATP synthesis (chemiosmotic theory) - CORRECT ANSWER - ph
difference
charge difference
across a membrane
Respiratory ETS - CORRECT ANSWER - aerobic bacteria.
NADH and FADH2 transfer electrons to O2, making H2O.
Cofactors - CORRECT ANSWER - mediate the small energy transitions
1) metal ions like iron or copper, held in place with amino acid residues
2) conjugated double bonds and heteroaromatic rings, like nicotinamide ring of NAD+/NADH
Quinone - CORRECT ANSWER - electron carriers that are mobile within the membrane
example: ubiquinone, which can be reduced to ubiquinol
Quinol - CORRECT ANSWER - carry electrons and protons laterally within a membrane
between proton pumping complexes of the ETS.
