Brock Biology of Microorganisms, nges11materials11with11its11environment,11and11
11e (Madigan/Martinko) Test undergoes11change,11it11is11called11a(n)
A) ancestral11system.
bank
B) dynamic11entity.
Brock11Biology11of11Microorganisms,1111e11(Ma
digan/Martinko)
Chapter111:11Microorganisms11and11Microbiolog
y
1) Which11statement11is11not11true11as11a1
1general11rule?
A) Microbial11cells11exist11as11single11cells11or
11in11cell11clusters.
B) Microbial11cells11carry11out11their11life11pro
cesses11independently.
C) Microbial11cells11include11both11bacteria
11and11viruses.
D) Microbial11cells11exclude11the11cells11of11pla
nts11and11animals.
Answer:11C
2) Basic11microbiology11can11be11used11to
A) probe11the11nature11of11life11processes.
B) study11biochemical11properties11common11t
o11all11cells.
C) model11our11understanding11of11cell11funct
ion11in11higher11organisms.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
3) Applied11microbiology11deals11with11proble
ms11in
A) medicine.
B) agriculture.
C) industry.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
4) The11greatest11source11of11biomass11on1
1Earth11comes11from
A) prokaryotic11cells.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) plants11and11animals11toget
her.11Answer:11A
5) The11cell's11genetic11information11is11found1
1in11the
A) cell11membrane.
B) nucleus11or11nucleoid.
C) cytoplasm.
D) none11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11B
6) Because11the11cell11communicates,11excha
,C) closed11system. .
D) nucleoid11syst Answer:11
B
em.11Answer:11B
12) Fannie11Hesse11is11credited11with11giving
7) Changes11in11cellular11characteristics11
11the11ideas11for11using11aga
are11transmitted11to11offspring11through11th
r11as11a11solidifying11agent.
e11process11of
A) Pasteur
A) chemical11signaling.
B) reproductive11initiative.
C) evolution.
D) none11of11the11a
bove.11Answer:11C
8) Catalysts11involved11in11the11acceleration
11of11the11rate11of11chemical11reactions11are1
1called
A) catalytic11converters.
B) growth11agents.
C) evolutionary11molecules.
D) enzym
es.11Answ
er:11D
9) Regarding11early11life11on11Earth:
A) Microbial11life11existed11on11Earth11for11bi
llions11of11years11before11plant11and11animal
11life.
B) Microbial11life11existed11on11Earth11long
11before11animals11but11has11been11around11f
or11about11the11same11amount11of11time11as1
1plants.
C) Microbial11life,11plant11life,11and11anima
l11life11all11appeared11at11about11the11same1
1time.
D) It11is11impossible11to11determine11which11ty
pe11of11life11first11appeared11on11Earth.
Answer:11A
10) Most11prokaryotic11cells11reside
A) on11the11Earth's11surface.
B) in11the11Earth's11lakes,11rivers,11and11oceans.
C) in11and11on11non-
prokaryotic11organisms11(including11
humans11and11other11animals).
D) in11the11oceanic11and11terrestrial11subs
urfaces.11Answer:11D
11) The11person11who11described11th
e11"wee11animalcules"11was
A) Hooke.
B) van11Leeuwenhoek.
C) Pasteur.
D) Cohn
,B) Cohn D) aquatic11microbiolog
C) Koch y.11Answer:11A
D) Winogradsky 19) Microbial11sterilization11is11used11to
11Answer:11C A) decrease11the11possibility11of11contamin
13) Which11of11the11following11is/are11characte ants11growing11in11a11culture.
ristic11of11cellular11organisms? B) kill11bacteria11but11not11necessarily11viruses11o
A) Metabolism r11other11microbes.
B) Reproduction C) kill11all11microbes11in11or11on11objects.
C) Communication D) clean11a11work11ar
D) All11of11the11ab ea.11Answer:11C
ove11Answer:11D 20) Flat11covered11dishes11used11for11gro
14) Which11of11the11following11is11not11a wing11microbes11are11most11commonly11
11major11ecosystem? called
A) Aquatic A) Petri11dishes.
B) Terrestrial B) baker11dishes.
C) Atmospheric C) sterilization11plates.
D) Higher11organisms,11both11plant11and11a D) culture11medium11plat
nimal11Answer:11C es.11Answer:11A
15) Which11statement11is11true? 21) Microbes11playing11a11role11in11nitrogen11fix
A) Populations11are11assemblages11of11micr ation1 1 in11plants11live11in11
obial11communities. 11while11those11playing11a11role11in11the11dige
B) Microbial11communities11are11assemblage stive11tract11of11certain11herbivores11live11in11 .
s11of11populations. A) rumens11/11nodules
C) Habitats11are11assemblages11of11micr B) nodules11/11rumens
obial11communities. C) nodules11/11fortrans
D) Populations11are11assemblages11of11habi D) fortrans11/11rume
tats.11Answer:11B ns11Answer:11B
16) The11export11of11U.S.11beef11to11foreign11 22) Genetic11engineering11could11best11be11desc
markets11was11shut11down11in11200311due11to ribed11as
A) AIDS. A) the11creating11of11life11from11non-life.
B) smallpox. B) the11artificial11manipulation11of11genes11and
C) tuberculosis. 11their11products.
D) mad11cow11disea C) the11treating11of11diseases11with11synthetic11dru
se.11Answer:11D gs.
17) During11a11very11scientifically11productiv D) the11expansion11of11the11biomass11to11meet11
e11period11in11his11life,11Pasteur11developed11va specific11needs.
ccines11for Answer:11B
A) anthrax. 23) The11ultimate11downfall11of11the11theory11
B) fowl11cholera. of11spontaneous11generation11was11the11result11o
C) rabies. f11work11by
D) all11of11the11abo A) Pasteur.
ve.11Answer:11D B) Koch.
18) The11discovery11of11antibiotics11and11 C) Hooke.
other11important11chemicals11led11to11the1 D) Leeuwenhoek.
1field11of 11Answer:11A
A) industrial11microbiology. 24) A11Pasteur11flask11has11a(n)
B) agricultural11microbiology. A) swan11neck11to11prevent11air11particles11from1
C) marine11microbiology. 1getting11into11the11main11body11of11the11flask.
, B) double11neck11so11two11substances11may11be C) microbial11technology.
11added11at11the11same11time.
C) secondary11opening11at11the11base11to11all
ow11for11drainage.
D) inverted11upper11edge11to11prevent11spillage1
1while11swirling.
Answer:11A
25) Koch's11greatest11accomplishment11in11the1
1field11of11medical11bacteriology11was11with
A) Escherichia11coli.
B) Bacillus11subtilis.
C) Mycobacterium11tuberculosis.
D) Bacillus11cereu
s.11Answer:11C
26) A11pure11culture
A) is11sterile.
B) has11only11one11type11of11organism11growin
g11in11or11on11it.
C) is11made11of11a11clearly11defined11chemical11
medium.
D) was11cultured11for11a11certified11stock11c
ulture.11Answer:11B
27) Beijerinck11was11the11first11to11isolate
A) many11soil11and11aquatic11microorganisms.
B) certain11aerobic11nitrogen11fixing11bacteria.
C) certain11sulfate11reducing11bacteria.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
28) Chemolithotrophy11involves11the
A) oxidation11of11organic11compounds.
B) oxidation11of11inorganic11compounds.
C) reduction11of11organic11compounds.
D) metabolic11autotroph
y.11Answer:11B
29) Advances11in11immunology11and11me
dical11microbiology11are,11most11specifically
,11practical11extensions11of11the11work11of
A) Winogradsky.
B) Leeuwenhoek.
C) Lister.
D) Koch.
Answer:11
D
30) Microbial11control11in11wastewater11treat
ment11plants11would11most11logically11be11a11
part11of
A) microbial11genetics.
B) microbial11ecology.
11e (Madigan/Martinko) Test undergoes11change,11it11is11called11a(n)
A) ancestral11system.
bank
B) dynamic11entity.
Brock11Biology11of11Microorganisms,1111e11(Ma
digan/Martinko)
Chapter111:11Microorganisms11and11Microbiolog
y
1) Which11statement11is11not11true11as11a1
1general11rule?
A) Microbial11cells11exist11as11single11cells11or
11in11cell11clusters.
B) Microbial11cells11carry11out11their11life11pro
cesses11independently.
C) Microbial11cells11include11both11bacteria
11and11viruses.
D) Microbial11cells11exclude11the11cells11of11pla
nts11and11animals.
Answer:11C
2) Basic11microbiology11can11be11used11to
A) probe11the11nature11of11life11processes.
B) study11biochemical11properties11common11t
o11all11cells.
C) model11our11understanding11of11cell11funct
ion11in11higher11organisms.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
3) Applied11microbiology11deals11with11proble
ms11in
A) medicine.
B) agriculture.
C) industry.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
4) The11greatest11source11of11biomass11on1
1Earth11comes11from
A) prokaryotic11cells.
B) plants.
C) animals.
D) plants11and11animals11toget
her.11Answer:11A
5) The11cell's11genetic11information11is11found1
1in11the
A) cell11membrane.
B) nucleus11or11nucleoid.
C) cytoplasm.
D) none11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11B
6) Because11the11cell11communicates,11excha
,C) closed11system. .
D) nucleoid11syst Answer:11
B
em.11Answer:11B
12) Fannie11Hesse11is11credited11with11giving
7) Changes11in11cellular11characteristics11
11the11ideas11for11using11aga
are11transmitted11to11offspring11through11th
r11as11a11solidifying11agent.
e11process11of
A) Pasteur
A) chemical11signaling.
B) reproductive11initiative.
C) evolution.
D) none11of11the11a
bove.11Answer:11C
8) Catalysts11involved11in11the11acceleration
11of11the11rate11of11chemical11reactions11are1
1called
A) catalytic11converters.
B) growth11agents.
C) evolutionary11molecules.
D) enzym
es.11Answ
er:11D
9) Regarding11early11life11on11Earth:
A) Microbial11life11existed11on11Earth11for11bi
llions11of11years11before11plant11and11animal
11life.
B) Microbial11life11existed11on11Earth11long
11before11animals11but11has11been11around11f
or11about11the11same11amount11of11time11as1
1plants.
C) Microbial11life,11plant11life,11and11anima
l11life11all11appeared11at11about11the11same1
1time.
D) It11is11impossible11to11determine11which11ty
pe11of11life11first11appeared11on11Earth.
Answer:11A
10) Most11prokaryotic11cells11reside
A) on11the11Earth's11surface.
B) in11the11Earth's11lakes,11rivers,11and11oceans.
C) in11and11on11non-
prokaryotic11organisms11(including11
humans11and11other11animals).
D) in11the11oceanic11and11terrestrial11subs
urfaces.11Answer:11D
11) The11person11who11described11th
e11"wee11animalcules"11was
A) Hooke.
B) van11Leeuwenhoek.
C) Pasteur.
D) Cohn
,B) Cohn D) aquatic11microbiolog
C) Koch y.11Answer:11A
D) Winogradsky 19) Microbial11sterilization11is11used11to
11Answer:11C A) decrease11the11possibility11of11contamin
13) Which11of11the11following11is/are11characte ants11growing11in11a11culture.
ristic11of11cellular11organisms? B) kill11bacteria11but11not11necessarily11viruses11o
A) Metabolism r11other11microbes.
B) Reproduction C) kill11all11microbes11in11or11on11objects.
C) Communication D) clean11a11work11ar
D) All11of11the11ab ea.11Answer:11C
ove11Answer:11D 20) Flat11covered11dishes11used11for11gro
14) Which11of11the11following11is11not11a wing11microbes11are11most11commonly11
11major11ecosystem? called
A) Aquatic A) Petri11dishes.
B) Terrestrial B) baker11dishes.
C) Atmospheric C) sterilization11plates.
D) Higher11organisms,11both11plant11and11a D) culture11medium11plat
nimal11Answer:11C es.11Answer:11A
15) Which11statement11is11true? 21) Microbes11playing11a11role11in11nitrogen11fix
A) Populations11are11assemblages11of11micr ation1 1 in11plants11live11in11
obial11communities. 11while11those11playing11a11role11in11the11dige
B) Microbial11communities11are11assemblage stive11tract11of11certain11herbivores11live11in11 .
s11of11populations. A) rumens11/11nodules
C) Habitats11are11assemblages11of11micr B) nodules11/11rumens
obial11communities. C) nodules11/11fortrans
D) Populations11are11assemblages11of11habi D) fortrans11/11rume
tats.11Answer:11B ns11Answer:11B
16) The11export11of11U.S.11beef11to11foreign11 22) Genetic11engineering11could11best11be11desc
markets11was11shut11down11in11200311due11to ribed11as
A) AIDS. A) the11creating11of11life11from11non-life.
B) smallpox. B) the11artificial11manipulation11of11genes11and
C) tuberculosis. 11their11products.
D) mad11cow11disea C) the11treating11of11diseases11with11synthetic11dru
se.11Answer:11D gs.
17) During11a11very11scientifically11productiv D) the11expansion11of11the11biomass11to11meet11
e11period11in11his11life,11Pasteur11developed11va specific11needs.
ccines11for Answer:11B
A) anthrax. 23) The11ultimate11downfall11of11the11theory11
B) fowl11cholera. of11spontaneous11generation11was11the11result11o
C) rabies. f11work11by
D) all11of11the11abo A) Pasteur.
ve.11Answer:11D B) Koch.
18) The11discovery11of11antibiotics11and11 C) Hooke.
other11important11chemicals11led11to11the1 D) Leeuwenhoek.
1field11of 11Answer:11A
A) industrial11microbiology. 24) A11Pasteur11flask11has11a(n)
B) agricultural11microbiology. A) swan11neck11to11prevent11air11particles11from1
C) marine11microbiology. 1getting11into11the11main11body11of11the11flask.
, B) double11neck11so11two11substances11may11be C) microbial11technology.
11added11at11the11same11time.
C) secondary11opening11at11the11base11to11all
ow11for11drainage.
D) inverted11upper11edge11to11prevent11spillage1
1while11swirling.
Answer:11A
25) Koch's11greatest11accomplishment11in11the1
1field11of11medical11bacteriology11was11with
A) Escherichia11coli.
B) Bacillus11subtilis.
C) Mycobacterium11tuberculosis.
D) Bacillus11cereu
s.11Answer:11C
26) A11pure11culture
A) is11sterile.
B) has11only11one11type11of11organism11growin
g11in11or11on11it.
C) is11made11of11a11clearly11defined11chemical11
medium.
D) was11cultured11for11a11certified11stock11c
ulture.11Answer:11B
27) Beijerinck11was11the11first11to11isolate
A) many11soil11and11aquatic11microorganisms.
B) certain11aerobic11nitrogen11fixing11bacteria.
C) certain11sulfate11reducing11bacteria.
D) all11of11the11abo
ve.11Answer:11D
28) Chemolithotrophy11involves11the
A) oxidation11of11organic11compounds.
B) oxidation11of11inorganic11compounds.
C) reduction11of11organic11compounds.
D) metabolic11autotroph
y.11Answer:11B
29) Advances11in11immunology11and11me
dical11microbiology11are,11most11specifically
,11practical11extensions11of11the11work11of
A) Winogradsky.
B) Leeuwenhoek.
C) Lister.
D) Koch.
Answer:11
D
30) Microbial11control11in11wastewater11treat
ment11plants11would11most11logically11be11a11
part11of
A) microbial11genetics.
B) microbial11ecology.
