TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
kk kk kk kk
and Genomes
kk kk
Key kkConcepts
• Inherited kk traits kkare k k affected kkby kkgenes.
• Genes k k are kk composed kk of k k the k k chemical k k deoxyribonucleic k k acid k k (DNA).
• DNA kkreplicates kk to kk form k k (usually kk identical) k k copies kk of kk itself.
• DNA kkcontains kka kkcode kkspecifying kkwhat kktypes kkof kkenzymes kkand kkother
kkproteins kkare kkmade kkin kkcells.
• DNA kkoccasionally kkmutates, kk and kkthe kkmutant kkforms kkspecify kkaltered kkproteins.
• A kkmutant kkenzyme kkis kkan kk"inborn kkerror kkof kkmetabolism" kkthat kkblocks
kkone kkstep kkin kka kkbio- kkchemical kkpathway kkfor kkthe kkmetabolism kkof
kksmall kkmolecules.
• Traits kkare kkaffected kkby kkenvironment kkas kkwell kkas kkby kkgenes.
• Organisms kkchange kkgenetically kkthrough kkgenerations kkin kkthe kkprocess
kkof kkbiological kkevolution.
• Because kkof kktheir kkcomm.on kkdescent, kkorganisms kkshare kkmany kkfeatures kkof kktheir kkgenetics
and kkbiochemistry.
Key kkTerms
1. complementary kkbase kkpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central kkdogma
4. transcri k k tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer kk RNA k k (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic kkeffect kkor kkpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts kkin kk Action
1.1. (a) kkfalse; kk(b) kktrue; kk(c) kktrue; kk(d) kkfalse.
1.2. The kkimportance kkof kkthe kknucleus kkin kkinheritance kkwas kkimplied kkby kkits
kkprominence kkin kkfer- kktilization. kkThe kkdiscovery kkof kkchromosomes kkinside
kkthe kknucleus, kktheir kkbehavior kkduring kkcell kkdivision, kkand kkthe
kkobservation kkthat kkeach kkspecies kkhas kka kkcharacteristic kkchromosome
kknumber kkmade kkit kklikely kkthat kkchromosomes kkwere kkthe kkcarriers kkof kkthe
kkgenes. kkMicro- kkscopic kk studies k k showed k k that kk DNA k k and k k proteins
k k are k k both k k present kk in k k chromosomes, kkbut kkwhereas kknearly kkall kkcells
kkof kka kkgiven kkspecies kkcontain kka k k constant kkamount kkof kkDNA, kkthe
kkamount kkand kkkinds k k of kkproteins kkdiffer kkgreatly kkin kkdifferent kkcell
kktypes.
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes
kk kk kk kk
and Genomes
kk kk
Key kkConcepts
• Inherited kk traits kkare k k affected kkby kkgenes.
• Genes k k are kk composed kk of k k the k k chemical k k deoxyribonucleic k k acid k k (DNA).
• DNA kkreplicates kk to kk form k k (usually kk identical) k k copies kk of kk itself.
• DNA kkcontains kka kkcode kkspecifying kkwhat kktypes kkof kkenzymes kkand kkother
kkproteins kkare kkmade kkin kkcells.
• DNA kkoccasionally kkmutates, kk and kkthe kkmutant kkforms kkspecify kkaltered kkproteins.
• A kkmutant kkenzyme kkis kkan kk"inborn kkerror kkof kkmetabolism" kkthat kkblocks
kkone kkstep kkin kka kkbio- kkchemical kkpathway kkfor kkthe kkmetabolism kkof
kksmall kkmolecules.
• Traits kkare kkaffected kkby kkenvironment kkas kkwell kkas kkby kkgenes.
• Organisms kkchange kkgenetically kkthrough kkgenerations kkin kkthe kkprocess
kkof kkbiological kkevolution.
• Because kkof kktheir kkcomm.on kkdescent, kkorganisms kkshare kkmany kkfeatures kkof kktheir kkgenetics
and kkbiochemistry.
Key kkTerms
1. complementary kkbase kkpairing
2. antiparallel
3. central kkdogma
4. transcri k k tion
5. ribosome
6. transfer kk RNA k k (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropic kkeffect kkor kkpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Concepts kkin kk Action
1.1. (a) kkfalse; kk(b) kktrue; kk(c) kktrue; kk(d) kkfalse.
1.2. The kkimportance kkof kkthe kknucleus kkin kkinheritance kkwas kkimplied kkby kkits
kkprominence kkin kkfer- kktilization. kkThe kkdiscovery kkof kkchromosomes kkinside
kkthe kknucleus, kktheir kkbehavior kkduring kkcell kkdivision, kkand kkthe
kkobservation kkthat kkeach kkspecies kkhas kka kkcharacteristic kkchromosome
kknumber kkmade kkit kklikely kkthat kkchromosomes kkwere kkthe kkcarriers kkof kkthe
kkgenes. kkMicro- kkscopic kk studies k k showed k k that kk DNA k k and k k proteins
k k are k k both k k present kk in k k chromosomes, kkbut kkwhereas kknearly kkall kkcells
kkof kka kkgiven kkspecies kkcontain kka k k constant kkamount kkof kkDNA, kkthe
kkamount kkand kkkinds k k of kkproteins kkdiffer kkgreatly kkin kkdifferent kkcell
kktypes.
