WCU PATHO FINAL Right Questions
And Responses
TERITARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Counseling, Rehabilitation,
Management programs, Support groups.
Goal is prevent furthur damage and maximize quality of life.
SECONDARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Interventions, Recommending,
Assisting with finding work, Assisting with medication.
Goal is to slow or stop progress.
PRIMARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Education, Legistlation, Regular exams,
Vaccinations
Goal is to protect healthy people from developing disease.
LATENT VS. PRODROMAL Right Response 1) LATENT:
Exposure --- First S/S
2) PRODROMAL:
First S/S --- Disease
Endemic Right Response (adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people;
characteristic of or prevalent in a field
Subclinical Right Response Stage of a disease or disorder not severe enough to
produce symptoms that can be detected or diagnosed.
Functions NORMALLY.
What is an example of etiology? Right Response ETIOLOGY: Study of causes or
reason of disease.
1) Latrogenic: UNKNOWN
2) Idiopathic: UNINTENDED or UNWANTED
Allostasis Right Response The body's ability to maintain a STABLE physiological
environment by adjusting and CHANGING to meet internal and external demands.
What hormones secrete during stress response? Right Response 1) Coritsol:
breakdowns fat and protein.
2)ACTH:
,3)Epinephrine:
Released by adrenal medullas.
Selyes three phases of stress Right Response 1)Alarm
2)Resistance
3)Exhaustion
The sympathetic nervous system is mediated by Right Response NOREPINEPHRINE
What are the types of intracellular accumulations? Right Response 1) Normal
Intracellular accumulation: Water, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, that accumulates
in EXCESS.
2) Abnormal Intracellular accumulation:
-Exogenous: minerals or infectious agent product.
-Endogenous:
-abnormal synthesis or metabolism
Types of Cellular Adaptation Right Response 1) Hyperplasia: INCREASE in the
NUMBER of cells.
-EX: A benign prostatic hypertrophy in middle aged men.
2) Hypertrophy: INCREASE in the SIZE of cells
3) Atrophy: REDUCTION in the SIZE of cells.
-EX: Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs when an extremity has been immobilized.
4) Metaplasia: CHANGES to the cells to adapt to new environments.
5) Anaplasia: LOSS of cellular differentiation.
-Indication of malignant tumors.
6) Dysplasia:Cell MATURATION and differentiation are delayed.
-Loss of uniformity of cells.
-Precursor to cancer
EX: Pap smear shows dysplasia cells of the cervix
7) Neoplasia: NEW or expended GROWTH in an area of the body.
EX: Benign neoplasm is uterine fibroid tumors.
8) Apoptosis: The genetic instructions provided DNA to command CELLULAR SELF-
DESTRUCTION
Types of Necrosis Right Response 1) Coagulation: Low oxygen levels (blood clot)
-Lysomal changes
-Cyltosol congeals/coagulates
, -Stroma
2) Liquifaction: Bacterial infection.
-Neutrophils creats pus.
-Cause abcesses.
3) Caseous: A slow, progressive process that produces thick, cheesy pus.
-Tuberculosis
4) Fat: Inflammatory reaction with large number of WBC.
-Inflammatory disease of pancreas.
5) Gangrenous: Combination of coagulation and liquifcation.
-Dry, Wet, Gas
What are side effects of chemotherapy? Right Response 1) Anemia
2)Nausea
3)Bleeding
4) Infection
Cancer Terminology: Right Response 1) oma: tumor, mass, fluid collection
2) carcinoma: cancer tumor
3) sarcoma: connective tissue tumor
Grading vs. Staging Right Response 1) Grading: Histologic characterization of tumor
cells.
-Degree of anaplasia.
2) Staging: Location and patterns of spread within host
-Tumor size, extent of local growth, lymph node and organ involvement, distant
metatasis
What are deficits in immune system function in cancer? Right Response A)
Chemotherapy
B) Cancer cells
C) Cancer metastasis to bone marrow
D) Malnutrition
What are the tumor marker functions? Right Response A) Normal cells
B) Cancer origin.
C) Identify progression of cancer.
D) Prostatic-specific antigen
Type of Hypersenseitivity Right Response 1) IMMEDIATE
-Allergic reactions, mast cells dumping histamine granules.
-Ex: Hives, Urticaria, Asthma
And Responses
TERITARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Counseling, Rehabilitation,
Management programs, Support groups.
Goal is prevent furthur damage and maximize quality of life.
SECONDARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Interventions, Recommending,
Assisting with finding work, Assisting with medication.
Goal is to slow or stop progress.
PRIMARY PREVENTION Right Response Ex: Education, Legistlation, Regular exams,
Vaccinations
Goal is to protect healthy people from developing disease.
LATENT VS. PRODROMAL Right Response 1) LATENT:
Exposure --- First S/S
2) PRODROMAL:
First S/S --- Disease
Endemic Right Response (adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people;
characteristic of or prevalent in a field
Subclinical Right Response Stage of a disease or disorder not severe enough to
produce symptoms that can be detected or diagnosed.
Functions NORMALLY.
What is an example of etiology? Right Response ETIOLOGY: Study of causes or
reason of disease.
1) Latrogenic: UNKNOWN
2) Idiopathic: UNINTENDED or UNWANTED
Allostasis Right Response The body's ability to maintain a STABLE physiological
environment by adjusting and CHANGING to meet internal and external demands.
What hormones secrete during stress response? Right Response 1) Coritsol:
breakdowns fat and protein.
2)ACTH:
,3)Epinephrine:
Released by adrenal medullas.
Selyes three phases of stress Right Response 1)Alarm
2)Resistance
3)Exhaustion
The sympathetic nervous system is mediated by Right Response NOREPINEPHRINE
What are the types of intracellular accumulations? Right Response 1) Normal
Intracellular accumulation: Water, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, that accumulates
in EXCESS.
2) Abnormal Intracellular accumulation:
-Exogenous: minerals or infectious agent product.
-Endogenous:
-abnormal synthesis or metabolism
Types of Cellular Adaptation Right Response 1) Hyperplasia: INCREASE in the
NUMBER of cells.
-EX: A benign prostatic hypertrophy in middle aged men.
2) Hypertrophy: INCREASE in the SIZE of cells
3) Atrophy: REDUCTION in the SIZE of cells.
-EX: Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs when an extremity has been immobilized.
4) Metaplasia: CHANGES to the cells to adapt to new environments.
5) Anaplasia: LOSS of cellular differentiation.
-Indication of malignant tumors.
6) Dysplasia:Cell MATURATION and differentiation are delayed.
-Loss of uniformity of cells.
-Precursor to cancer
EX: Pap smear shows dysplasia cells of the cervix
7) Neoplasia: NEW or expended GROWTH in an area of the body.
EX: Benign neoplasm is uterine fibroid tumors.
8) Apoptosis: The genetic instructions provided DNA to command CELLULAR SELF-
DESTRUCTION
Types of Necrosis Right Response 1) Coagulation: Low oxygen levels (blood clot)
-Lysomal changes
-Cyltosol congeals/coagulates
, -Stroma
2) Liquifaction: Bacterial infection.
-Neutrophils creats pus.
-Cause abcesses.
3) Caseous: A slow, progressive process that produces thick, cheesy pus.
-Tuberculosis
4) Fat: Inflammatory reaction with large number of WBC.
-Inflammatory disease of pancreas.
5) Gangrenous: Combination of coagulation and liquifcation.
-Dry, Wet, Gas
What are side effects of chemotherapy? Right Response 1) Anemia
2)Nausea
3)Bleeding
4) Infection
Cancer Terminology: Right Response 1) oma: tumor, mass, fluid collection
2) carcinoma: cancer tumor
3) sarcoma: connective tissue tumor
Grading vs. Staging Right Response 1) Grading: Histologic characterization of tumor
cells.
-Degree of anaplasia.
2) Staging: Location and patterns of spread within host
-Tumor size, extent of local growth, lymph node and organ involvement, distant
metatasis
What are deficits in immune system function in cancer? Right Response A)
Chemotherapy
B) Cancer cells
C) Cancer metastasis to bone marrow
D) Malnutrition
What are the tumor marker functions? Right Response A) Normal cells
B) Cancer origin.
C) Identify progression of cancer.
D) Prostatic-specific antigen
Type of Hypersenseitivity Right Response 1) IMMEDIATE
-Allergic reactions, mast cells dumping histamine granules.
-Ex: Hives, Urticaria, Asthma
