BMS 127 : final section Latest Updated
2025 Questions With Detailed Answers
DIC - answers-ectopic blood clots in blood vessels
mycobacterium spp - answers-- described as acid fast ( red snippers)
- not gram - or gram +
mycobacterium tuberculosis - answers-- causes tuberculosis
- has a vaccine that's not used in the US bc it creates false positive results
- very contagious bc of the mycolic acid it has
- 1:3 infectious rate
extra pulmonary disease - answers-- is the progression of turculosis
- s/s similar to those of a vampire
- bacteria in alveoli, clumps of phagocytes, covered by hard wall. material, rupture = cough
- africanpouch rat
Nuceloid - answers-lump of supercoiled DNA
non membrane bound
1 circular chromosome
plasmid - answers-- small circular DNA that's extrachromosomal
- presence is optional
- contains genes that give new abilities
,copy # - answers-number of copies of plasmid in cell
- determined by the strength of origin
origin - answers-- is only on circular DNA molecules
- is described by its strength : biding affinity for DNA polymerase
high binding = large # of copies produced
plasmid replication types - answers-1. theta type
2. rolling circle DNA
theta type - answers-- is the most common
- 2 replication forks
- "peeling of rubber bands"
- breaks H bonds in DNA
rolling circle DNA - answers-" spool rolling"
- 1 replication fork
- breaks phosphodiester bonds
- nick on 1 strand
recombination - answers-exchange of genes bw 2 separate DNA molecules = new combination
- occurs @ regions of sequence identity
- creates genetic diversity
- begins with cross over
, meiosis & meiosis - answers-chromosomes line up on metaphase plate bc of resigns of
sequence identity
- makes diploid state possible
horizontal gene transfer - answers-- genes passed to preexisting members of same generation
- through different species
vertical gene transfer - answers-reproduction
mechanisms of HGT - answers-1. conjugation
2. transformation
3, transduction
conjugation - answers-transferring of plasmid from an F + cell to F- cell via sex plus
sex pilus - answers-made by proteins encoded by the plasmid
F factor - answers-contains all genes necessary for conjugation to occur
- has genes that help loops for F - cell
transformation - answers-uptake of free DNA from environment
- will only recombine if there are regions of sequence identity
competent - answers-bacteria that can carry out transformation
transduction - answers-- the transfer of genes cell to cell via a phage/ virus
2025 Questions With Detailed Answers
DIC - answers-ectopic blood clots in blood vessels
mycobacterium spp - answers-- described as acid fast ( red snippers)
- not gram - or gram +
mycobacterium tuberculosis - answers-- causes tuberculosis
- has a vaccine that's not used in the US bc it creates false positive results
- very contagious bc of the mycolic acid it has
- 1:3 infectious rate
extra pulmonary disease - answers-- is the progression of turculosis
- s/s similar to those of a vampire
- bacteria in alveoli, clumps of phagocytes, covered by hard wall. material, rupture = cough
- africanpouch rat
Nuceloid - answers-lump of supercoiled DNA
non membrane bound
1 circular chromosome
plasmid - answers-- small circular DNA that's extrachromosomal
- presence is optional
- contains genes that give new abilities
,copy # - answers-number of copies of plasmid in cell
- determined by the strength of origin
origin - answers-- is only on circular DNA molecules
- is described by its strength : biding affinity for DNA polymerase
high binding = large # of copies produced
plasmid replication types - answers-1. theta type
2. rolling circle DNA
theta type - answers-- is the most common
- 2 replication forks
- "peeling of rubber bands"
- breaks H bonds in DNA
rolling circle DNA - answers-" spool rolling"
- 1 replication fork
- breaks phosphodiester bonds
- nick on 1 strand
recombination - answers-exchange of genes bw 2 separate DNA molecules = new combination
- occurs @ regions of sequence identity
- creates genetic diversity
- begins with cross over
, meiosis & meiosis - answers-chromosomes line up on metaphase plate bc of resigns of
sequence identity
- makes diploid state possible
horizontal gene transfer - answers-- genes passed to preexisting members of same generation
- through different species
vertical gene transfer - answers-reproduction
mechanisms of HGT - answers-1. conjugation
2. transformation
3, transduction
conjugation - answers-transferring of plasmid from an F + cell to F- cell via sex plus
sex pilus - answers-made by proteins encoded by the plasmid
F factor - answers-contains all genes necessary for conjugation to occur
- has genes that help loops for F - cell
transformation - answers-uptake of free DNA from environment
- will only recombine if there are regions of sequence identity
competent - answers-bacteria that can carry out transformation
transduction - answers-- the transfer of genes cell to cell via a phage/ virus
