NR 503 Epidemiology final exam questions
with correct answers
Kleinman |explanatory |Model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Eliciting |the |patient's |(explanatory) |
model |gives |the |physician |knowledge |of |the |beliefs |the |patient |holds |about |his |illness, |the |
personal |and |social |meaning |he |attaches |to |his |disorder, |his |expectations |about |what |will |
happen |to |him |and |what |the |doctor |will |do, |and |his |own |therapeutic |goals
Cultural |competence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Cultural |competence |is |defined |as |"a |dynamic, |
fluid, |continuous |process |whereby |an |individual, |system |or |health |care |agency |find |meaningful
|and |useful |care |delivery |strategies |based |on |knowledge |of |the |cultural |heritage, |beliefs, |
attitudes, |and |behavior |of |those |to |whom |they |render |care"
Cultural |Awareness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-:Self-examination |of |one's |own |prejudices |and |
biases |toward |other |cultures. |An |in-depth |exploration |of |one's |own |cultural/ethnic |
background.
Cultural |humility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |lifelong |commitment |to |self-evaluation |and |self-
critiques, |redressing |the |power |of |imbalances |in |the |patient- |physician |dynamic, |developing |
mutually. |Beneficial |relationships.
Cultural |Knowledge |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Obtaining |a |sound |educational |foundation |
concerning |the |various |worldviews |of |differences |cultures. |Obtaining |knowledge |regarding |
biological |variations, |disease |and |health |conditions |and |variation |in |drug |metabolism.
Cultural |Skill: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ability |to |collect |culturally |relevant |data |regarding |the |
client's |health |history |and |presenting |problem. |Ability |to |conduct |culturally |based |physician |
assessments. |Conducting |these |assessments |in |a |culturally |sensitive |manner.
Cultural |Desire |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Motivation |of |the |healthcare |provider |to |"want" |to |
engage |in |the |process |of |cultural |competence, |characteristics |of |compassion, |authenticity, |
,humility, |openness, |availability, |and |flexibility, |commi |tment |and |passion |to |caring, |regardless |
of |conflict.
ethnicity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-as |"the |aggregate |of |cultural |practices, |social |influences, |
religious |pursuits, |and |racial |characteristics |shaping |the |distinctive |identity |of |community"
Cultural |competence |in |nursing |consists |of |four |principles. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Care |is |
designed |for |the |specific |client.
Care |is |based |on |the |uniqueness |of |the |person's |culture |and |includes |cultural |norms |and |
values.
Care |includes |self-employment |strategies |to |facilitate |client |decision |making |to |improve |health
|behaviors.
Care |is |provided |with |sensitivity |and |is |based |on |the |cultural |uniqueness |of |clients.
The |APN |may |also |use |the |Kleinman |Explanatory |Model |of |Illness |(1978). |Below |are |the |
questions |that |can |be |utilized. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-What |do |you |call |your |problem?
What |do |you |think |caused |your |problem?
Why |do |you |think |it |started |when |it |did?
What |does |your |sickness |do |to |you?
What |do |you |fear |most |about |your |sickness?
What |are |the |chief |problems |your |sickness |has |caused |you?
What |kind |of |treatment |do |you |think |you |should |receive?
What |is |the |most |important |result |you |hope |to |receive |from |the |treatment?
According |to |Giger |and |Davidhizer |(2000), |although |cultures |differ, |they |all |have |the |same |
basic |organizing |factors |that |must |be |assessed |in |order |to |provide |care |for |culturally |diverse |
patients. |These |factors |include |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-communication |(verbal |and |
nonverbal);
personal |space;
, social |organization;
time |perception;
environmental |control; |and
biological |variations.
The |National |Center |for |Cultural |Competence |(NCCC) |provides |national |leadership |and |
contributes |to |the |body |of |knowledge |on |cultural |and |linguistic |competency |within |systems |
and |organizations. |Major |emphasis |is |placed |on |translating |evidence |into |policy |and |practice |
for |programs |and |personnel |concerned |with |health |and |mental |healthcare |delivery, |
administration, |education, |and |advocacy. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
The |NCCC |uses |four |major |approaches |to |fulfill |its |mission, |including |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Web-based |technical |assistance, |(2) |knowledge |development |and |dissemination, |(3) |
supporting |a |community |of |learners, |and |(4) |collaboration |and |partnerships |with |diverse |
groups.
These |approaches |entail |the |provision |of |training, |technical |assistance, |and |consultation |and |
are |intended |to |facilitate |networking, |linkages, |and |information |exchange. |The |NCCC |has |
particular |expertise |in |developing |instruments |and |conducting |organizational |self-assessment |
processes |to |advance |cultural |and |linguistic |competency. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Epidemiological |Triad: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-host, |agent, |environment
Genetics |is |considered |an |agent |in |the |epidemiological |triad |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Genetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |of |individual |genes |and |their |impact |on |relatively |
rare |single |gene |disorders
with correct answers
Kleinman |explanatory |Model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Eliciting |the |patient's |(explanatory) |
model |gives |the |physician |knowledge |of |the |beliefs |the |patient |holds |about |his |illness, |the |
personal |and |social |meaning |he |attaches |to |his |disorder, |his |expectations |about |what |will |
happen |to |him |and |what |the |doctor |will |do, |and |his |own |therapeutic |goals
Cultural |competence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Cultural |competence |is |defined |as |"a |dynamic, |
fluid, |continuous |process |whereby |an |individual, |system |or |health |care |agency |find |meaningful
|and |useful |care |delivery |strategies |based |on |knowledge |of |the |cultural |heritage, |beliefs, |
attitudes, |and |behavior |of |those |to |whom |they |render |care"
Cultural |Awareness |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-:Self-examination |of |one's |own |prejudices |and |
biases |toward |other |cultures. |An |in-depth |exploration |of |one's |own |cultural/ethnic |
background.
Cultural |humility |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |lifelong |commitment |to |self-evaluation |and |self-
critiques, |redressing |the |power |of |imbalances |in |the |patient- |physician |dynamic, |developing |
mutually. |Beneficial |relationships.
Cultural |Knowledge |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Obtaining |a |sound |educational |foundation |
concerning |the |various |worldviews |of |differences |cultures. |Obtaining |knowledge |regarding |
biological |variations, |disease |and |health |conditions |and |variation |in |drug |metabolism.
Cultural |Skill: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ability |to |collect |culturally |relevant |data |regarding |the |
client's |health |history |and |presenting |problem. |Ability |to |conduct |culturally |based |physician |
assessments. |Conducting |these |assessments |in |a |culturally |sensitive |manner.
Cultural |Desire |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Motivation |of |the |healthcare |provider |to |"want" |to |
engage |in |the |process |of |cultural |competence, |characteristics |of |compassion, |authenticity, |
,humility, |openness, |availability, |and |flexibility, |commi |tment |and |passion |to |caring, |regardless |
of |conflict.
ethnicity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-as |"the |aggregate |of |cultural |practices, |social |influences, |
religious |pursuits, |and |racial |characteristics |shaping |the |distinctive |identity |of |community"
Cultural |competence |in |nursing |consists |of |four |principles. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Care |is |
designed |for |the |specific |client.
Care |is |based |on |the |uniqueness |of |the |person's |culture |and |includes |cultural |norms |and |
values.
Care |includes |self-employment |strategies |to |facilitate |client |decision |making |to |improve |health
|behaviors.
Care |is |provided |with |sensitivity |and |is |based |on |the |cultural |uniqueness |of |clients.
The |APN |may |also |use |the |Kleinman |Explanatory |Model |of |Illness |(1978). |Below |are |the |
questions |that |can |be |utilized. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-What |do |you |call |your |problem?
What |do |you |think |caused |your |problem?
Why |do |you |think |it |started |when |it |did?
What |does |your |sickness |do |to |you?
What |do |you |fear |most |about |your |sickness?
What |are |the |chief |problems |your |sickness |has |caused |you?
What |kind |of |treatment |do |you |think |you |should |receive?
What |is |the |most |important |result |you |hope |to |receive |from |the |treatment?
According |to |Giger |and |Davidhizer |(2000), |although |cultures |differ, |they |all |have |the |same |
basic |organizing |factors |that |must |be |assessed |in |order |to |provide |care |for |culturally |diverse |
patients. |These |factors |include |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-communication |(verbal |and |
nonverbal);
personal |space;
, social |organization;
time |perception;
environmental |control; |and
biological |variations.
The |National |Center |for |Cultural |Competence |(NCCC) |provides |national |leadership |and |
contributes |to |the |body |of |knowledge |on |cultural |and |linguistic |competency |within |systems |
and |organizations. |Major |emphasis |is |placed |on |translating |evidence |into |policy |and |practice |
for |programs |and |personnel |concerned |with |health |and |mental |healthcare |delivery, |
administration, |education, |and |advocacy. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
The |NCCC |uses |four |major |approaches |to |fulfill |its |mission, |including |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Web-based |technical |assistance, |(2) |knowledge |development |and |dissemination, |(3) |
supporting |a |community |of |learners, |and |(4) |collaboration |and |partnerships |with |diverse |
groups.
These |approaches |entail |the |provision |of |training, |technical |assistance, |and |consultation |and |
are |intended |to |facilitate |networking, |linkages, |and |information |exchange. |The |NCCC |has |
particular |expertise |in |developing |instruments |and |conducting |organizational |self-assessment |
processes |to |advance |cultural |and |linguistic |competency. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Epidemiological |Triad: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-host, |agent, |environment
Genetics |is |considered |an |agent |in |the |epidemiological |triad |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
Genetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-The |study |of |individual |genes |and |their |impact |on |relatively |
rare |single |gene |disorders
