PSY 357- Final Exam questions with
correct answers
Typoglycemia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |idea |that |the |human |mind |processes |words |as |a |whole; |
Not |true |b/c |we |use |top |down |processing |to |comprehend |lang |using |context
Experience |with |English |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-English |language |teaches |us |that |only |certain |combo |
of |letters |can |follow |or |proceed |other |combos |of |letters |allowing |us |to |easier |ID |target |letters |or |
words
Positional |constraints |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-prior |knowledge |of |the |order |of |letters |in |words |helps |
you |fill |in |the |missing |information
Word |Superiority |Effect |Hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-context |present |in |the |word |will |facilitate
|letter |recognition, |detect |words |easier |when |they |are |presented |as |a |part |of |words
Reicher |Wheeler |Paradigm |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-participants |had |the |task |of |ID |letter |in |cued |
position |when |presented |in: |isolation, |words, |pseudowords, |or |random |letter |strings |(nonwords)
reicher |wheeler |results |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-faster |to |identify |letters |in |words/pseudowords, |
letters |in |isolation, |& |letters |in |nonwords |(slowest)
Proofreading |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-we |use |top |down |processing, |when |editing |you |read |your |
paper |by |what |you |want/think |you |said |instead |of |what |you |actually |said
word |v |letter |presented |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Word |presented: |activates |feature, |letter, |& |word |
detectors, |increasing |speed |of |final |recognition |v |Letter |presented: |activates |feature, |& |letter |
detectors |= |less |activation
Phonological |Dyslexia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-difficulty |reading |pseudowords, |short-term |memory |
limits, |low |phonological |awareness, |slower |rapid |naming
, dyslexic |experiment |results |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Dyslexic |children |& |reading |age |controls |show |
similar |word |superiority |effects, |Dyslexic |children |have |difficulty |reading |aloud |pseudowords |revealing
|impaired |sub-lexical |translation
Long |term |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |network |of |associations: |words |often |co-occur |in |
memory |& |are |strongly |associated, |think |of |one |word |the |other |is |automatically |triggered
Semantic |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-automatic |access |to |word |meanings, |general |word |
knowledge, |& |factual |info |v |episodic |memory- |personal |memories |of |events
Semantic |networks |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-our |knowledge |is |organized |in |this |way, |array |of |nodes |
representing |concepts |& |links |that |transmit |activation |btw |nodes
Typical |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-typical |members |of |category |are |responded |faster |to, |less |
distance |= |faster |association
Priming |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-reaction |times |are |faster |for |related |than |unrelated |words, |Ex:
|faster |to |"yes" |to |doctor |when |nurse |is |a |word
Connectionist |model |of |semantic |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-learning |involves |strengthening |or |
weakening |of |connections |by |changing |connection |weights
Latent |semantic |analysis |(LSA) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-relations |based |on |how |often |words |occur |in |
the |presence |of |other |words
word |associations |in |latent |semantic |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Words |associations |are |based |on
|cooccurrence |or |proximity, |model |is |like |a |road |map: |charts |comparisons
basics |of |latent |semantic |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-More |important |concepts |are |bigger, |& |in |
stronger |connection |the |lines |are |thicker, |Ex: |Alice |is |big |b/c |she's |a |central |concept |in |"Alice |in |
Wonderland"
correct answers
Typoglycemia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |idea |that |the |human |mind |processes |words |as |a |whole; |
Not |true |b/c |we |use |top |down |processing |to |comprehend |lang |using |context
Experience |with |English |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-English |language |teaches |us |that |only |certain |combo |
of |letters |can |follow |or |proceed |other |combos |of |letters |allowing |us |to |easier |ID |target |letters |or |
words
Positional |constraints |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-prior |knowledge |of |the |order |of |letters |in |words |helps |
you |fill |in |the |missing |information
Word |Superiority |Effect |Hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-context |present |in |the |word |will |facilitate
|letter |recognition, |detect |words |easier |when |they |are |presented |as |a |part |of |words
Reicher |Wheeler |Paradigm |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-participants |had |the |task |of |ID |letter |in |cued |
position |when |presented |in: |isolation, |words, |pseudowords, |or |random |letter |strings |(nonwords)
reicher |wheeler |results |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-faster |to |identify |letters |in |words/pseudowords, |
letters |in |isolation, |& |letters |in |nonwords |(slowest)
Proofreading |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-we |use |top |down |processing, |when |editing |you |read |your |
paper |by |what |you |want/think |you |said |instead |of |what |you |actually |said
word |v |letter |presented |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Word |presented: |activates |feature, |letter, |& |word |
detectors, |increasing |speed |of |final |recognition |v |Letter |presented: |activates |feature, |& |letter |
detectors |= |less |activation
Phonological |Dyslexia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-difficulty |reading |pseudowords, |short-term |memory |
limits, |low |phonological |awareness, |slower |rapid |naming
, dyslexic |experiment |results |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Dyslexic |children |& |reading |age |controls |show |
similar |word |superiority |effects, |Dyslexic |children |have |difficulty |reading |aloud |pseudowords |revealing
|impaired |sub-lexical |translation
Long |term |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |network |of |associations: |words |often |co-occur |in |
memory |& |are |strongly |associated, |think |of |one |word |the |other |is |automatically |triggered
Semantic |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-automatic |access |to |word |meanings, |general |word |
knowledge, |& |factual |info |v |episodic |memory- |personal |memories |of |events
Semantic |networks |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-our |knowledge |is |organized |in |this |way, |array |of |nodes |
representing |concepts |& |links |that |transmit |activation |btw |nodes
Typical |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-typical |members |of |category |are |responded |faster |to, |less |
distance |= |faster |association
Priming |effect |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-reaction |times |are |faster |for |related |than |unrelated |words, |Ex:
|faster |to |"yes" |to |doctor |when |nurse |is |a |word
Connectionist |model |of |semantic |memory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-learning |involves |strengthening |or |
weakening |of |connections |by |changing |connection |weights
Latent |semantic |analysis |(LSA) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-relations |based |on |how |often |words |occur |in |
the |presence |of |other |words
word |associations |in |latent |semantic |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Words |associations |are |based |on
|cooccurrence |or |proximity, |model |is |like |a |road |map: |charts |comparisons
basics |of |latent |semantic |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-More |important |concepts |are |bigger, |& |in |
stronger |connection |the |lines |are |thicker, |Ex: |Alice |is |big |b/c |she's |a |central |concept |in |"Alice |in |
Wonderland"
