HUBS 191 - Nervous system Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update
2025-2026
Anatomical location of the visual cortex? - Answers Occipital Lobe
A pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron... - Answers Makes a synapse onto an un-myelinated
neuron, its axon is myelinated, its axon travels in the sympathetic rami
The falx cerebri... - Answers Separates the cerebral hemispheres
Connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle - Answers Cerebral aqueduct
Post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuron... - Answers Its cell body resides distant from the CNS
Dorsal white columns are part of - Answers Sensory system
Myelin sheath in PNS is made by - Answers Schwann cells
Receptive fields... - Answers Can overlap, small but dense in fingertips, regions of the body with
small receptive fields are mapped in correspondingly large areas of somatosensory cortex
Sensory neurons in the somatosensory system - Answers Carry action potentials from skin and
skeletal muscle
Muscle spindles - Answers Are involved in maintaining posture
Proprioreceptors... - Answers Include receptors found in skin
What key hormone is released from the anterior pituitary - Answers Growth hormone (GH)
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have what in common - Answers Both have similar long term
consequences if not well managed
Stress response - Answers In the resistance, cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis, in exhaustion
stage organ failure may occur due to either depletion of protein and fat reserves, or long term
consequences or high glucose and blood pressure, the same hormonal responses may be
triggered by either physical or emotional stressors
What would occur is a person was deficient in iodine - Answers An increase in thyroid
stimulating hormone secretion
What hormones are required for normal human growth - Answers Growth hormone, Insulin,
Thyroid hormone
Innate immunity - Answers Has limited specificities
Skin protects us against invading pathogens through - Answers Its underlying thick layer of
connective tissue and collagen
,Myelin sheath in CNS is made by - Answers Oligodendrocytes
The part of neurotransmission that is carried out through a chemical signal is called - Answers
Synapse
Information that travels into the CNS is called - Answers Afferent and Ascending
Part of the neuron where summation of inputs takes place - Answers Axon hillock
What neurotransmitter is used by a somatic efferent neuron - Answers Acetylcholine (Ach)
What is true about sympathetic chain ganglia - Answers They contain cell bodies that contain
norepinephrine
If your CNS is activated you are - Answers Relaxed
What is true about post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons - Answers Its cell body resides
distant from the CNS
SAME - Answers Sensory is Afferent, Motor is Efferent
Steve Always Talks Loudly Child - Answers Sympathetic, Activating, exits from CNS, are
Thoracic and Lumbar, ganglion is Close to CNS
Pete Doesn't Call Sundays, Frustratingly - Answers Parasympathetic, Deactivating, exits from
CNS, are Cranial and Sacral, ganglion is Far from CNS
Spinal nerves contain what axons - Answers Myelinated axons, Sensory axons, Motor axons
The spinal cord contains - Answers The sympathetic nerve
A peripheral nerve contains - Answers Fasicles
The 3 layers of meninges - Answers Dura mater, Pia mater, Arachnoid
CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) circulates around the brain in what layer of the meninges - Answers
Arachnoid
Old/used CSF is transported into the venous circulation through which structure - Answers
Arachnoid granulations
What brain region is the third ventricle located - Answers Diencephalon
Neurotransmitters... - Answers Stored in synaptic vesicles, released into synaptic cleft when
calcium levels rise, degraded by enzymes to terminate synaptic transmission
A common virus-associated pathogen associated molecule pattern (PAMP) - Answers ds RNA
CNS is made up of - Answers Brain, spinal cord, neurons, glia
, PNS is made up of - Answers Peripheral nerves, ganglia, neurons, glia
Neurons are - Answers A specialised cell that transmits information and fires a binary code.
There is four morphological types. They also have a lot of ER as they are very dynamic and use a
lot of proteins
Glia are - Answers A specialised cell that support neurons. There are five main types (4 in CNS
and 1 in PNS) and each of these types have a specific function
Dendrites (neuron structure) - Answers Receive input, send info to cell body
Cell body (neuron structure) - Answers Contains nucleus and organelles, sums input
Axon (neuron structure) - Answers Carries electrical impulses, may/may not be myelinated
Axon terminals (neuron structure) - Answers End (terminus) of the axon, neurotransmitter
release
Axon hillock (neuron structure) - Answers Between cell body and axon
Input zone of neuron - Answers Dendrites and cell body, receives chemical signals from other
neurons
Summation zone of neuron - Answers Axon hillock, summation of signals/inputs
Conduction zone of neuron - Answers Axon, carries electrical signals around nervous system
Output zone of neuron - Answers Axon terminals, contact with input zone of other
neurons/effectors, releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals)
The four morphological types of neurons - Answers 1. Multipolar
-multiple processes emanate from cell body
2. Bipolar
-two processes emanate from cell body
3. Unipolar
-one process emanates from cell body, branches into dendrites and axon
4. Anaxonic
-axonless, all processes look alike
Group of cell bodies in CNS - Answers Nuclei
Bundle of axons in CNS - Answers Tract
2025-2026
Anatomical location of the visual cortex? - Answers Occipital Lobe
A pre-ganglionic sympathetic neuron... - Answers Makes a synapse onto an un-myelinated
neuron, its axon is myelinated, its axon travels in the sympathetic rami
The falx cerebri... - Answers Separates the cerebral hemispheres
Connects the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle - Answers Cerebral aqueduct
Post-ganglionic parasympathetic neuron... - Answers Its cell body resides distant from the CNS
Dorsal white columns are part of - Answers Sensory system
Myelin sheath in PNS is made by - Answers Schwann cells
Receptive fields... - Answers Can overlap, small but dense in fingertips, regions of the body with
small receptive fields are mapped in correspondingly large areas of somatosensory cortex
Sensory neurons in the somatosensory system - Answers Carry action potentials from skin and
skeletal muscle
Muscle spindles - Answers Are involved in maintaining posture
Proprioreceptors... - Answers Include receptors found in skin
What key hormone is released from the anterior pituitary - Answers Growth hormone (GH)
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have what in common - Answers Both have similar long term
consequences if not well managed
Stress response - Answers In the resistance, cortisol promotes gluconeogenesis, in exhaustion
stage organ failure may occur due to either depletion of protein and fat reserves, or long term
consequences or high glucose and blood pressure, the same hormonal responses may be
triggered by either physical or emotional stressors
What would occur is a person was deficient in iodine - Answers An increase in thyroid
stimulating hormone secretion
What hormones are required for normal human growth - Answers Growth hormone, Insulin,
Thyroid hormone
Innate immunity - Answers Has limited specificities
Skin protects us against invading pathogens through - Answers Its underlying thick layer of
connective tissue and collagen
,Myelin sheath in CNS is made by - Answers Oligodendrocytes
The part of neurotransmission that is carried out through a chemical signal is called - Answers
Synapse
Information that travels into the CNS is called - Answers Afferent and Ascending
Part of the neuron where summation of inputs takes place - Answers Axon hillock
What neurotransmitter is used by a somatic efferent neuron - Answers Acetylcholine (Ach)
What is true about sympathetic chain ganglia - Answers They contain cell bodies that contain
norepinephrine
If your CNS is activated you are - Answers Relaxed
What is true about post-ganglionic parasympathetic neurons - Answers Its cell body resides
distant from the CNS
SAME - Answers Sensory is Afferent, Motor is Efferent
Steve Always Talks Loudly Child - Answers Sympathetic, Activating, exits from CNS, are
Thoracic and Lumbar, ganglion is Close to CNS
Pete Doesn't Call Sundays, Frustratingly - Answers Parasympathetic, Deactivating, exits from
CNS, are Cranial and Sacral, ganglion is Far from CNS
Spinal nerves contain what axons - Answers Myelinated axons, Sensory axons, Motor axons
The spinal cord contains - Answers The sympathetic nerve
A peripheral nerve contains - Answers Fasicles
The 3 layers of meninges - Answers Dura mater, Pia mater, Arachnoid
CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) circulates around the brain in what layer of the meninges - Answers
Arachnoid
Old/used CSF is transported into the venous circulation through which structure - Answers
Arachnoid granulations
What brain region is the third ventricle located - Answers Diencephalon
Neurotransmitters... - Answers Stored in synaptic vesicles, released into synaptic cleft when
calcium levels rise, degraded by enzymes to terminate synaptic transmission
A common virus-associated pathogen associated molecule pattern (PAMP) - Answers ds RNA
CNS is made up of - Answers Brain, spinal cord, neurons, glia
, PNS is made up of - Answers Peripheral nerves, ganglia, neurons, glia
Neurons are - Answers A specialised cell that transmits information and fires a binary code.
There is four morphological types. They also have a lot of ER as they are very dynamic and use a
lot of proteins
Glia are - Answers A specialised cell that support neurons. There are five main types (4 in CNS
and 1 in PNS) and each of these types have a specific function
Dendrites (neuron structure) - Answers Receive input, send info to cell body
Cell body (neuron structure) - Answers Contains nucleus and organelles, sums input
Axon (neuron structure) - Answers Carries electrical impulses, may/may not be myelinated
Axon terminals (neuron structure) - Answers End (terminus) of the axon, neurotransmitter
release
Axon hillock (neuron structure) - Answers Between cell body and axon
Input zone of neuron - Answers Dendrites and cell body, receives chemical signals from other
neurons
Summation zone of neuron - Answers Axon hillock, summation of signals/inputs
Conduction zone of neuron - Answers Axon, carries electrical signals around nervous system
Output zone of neuron - Answers Axon terminals, contact with input zone of other
neurons/effectors, releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals)
The four morphological types of neurons - Answers 1. Multipolar
-multiple processes emanate from cell body
2. Bipolar
-two processes emanate from cell body
3. Unipolar
-one process emanates from cell body, branches into dendrites and axon
4. Anaxonic
-axonless, all processes look alike
Group of cell bodies in CNS - Answers Nuclei
Bundle of axons in CNS - Answers Tract
