Study Material
How much does water weigh?
8.34 Lbs per gallon
The force of water is measured using ?
PSI Pounds per square inch
For every foot in elevation the waters force is increased by how much?
2.3 Lbs per square inch
What happens when a water valve is shut off suddenly?
The force of the water greatly increases at that location; at the valve.
What is water hammer?
The increase pressure then rebounds back through the pipe.
How do you avoid water hammer?
To shut the valve slowly, so the water momentum is reduced before it comes to a stop
What type of valve is used to to reduce water water hammer ?
Blow-off valve or pressure relief valve
What type of bacteria is always looked for in a water test?
Coliform
Anytime that potable and non-potable water systems are connected it is called what?
Cross-Connection
The main line is full water and under pressure is called what?
Wet tap or hot tap.
When spreading asphalt what is used for larger areas?
Asphalt spreaders. 8 foot. Wide tractor type vehicles.
When spreading asphalt what is used for smaller areas?
A shovel and a lute can be used.
A lute will have a long handle how long?
5 to 6 feet long.
What is a lute?
Similar to a rake that is used for leveling the asphalt over the repair area before it is
compacted
The rake end is how long?
3 feet wide with a flat, smooth blade on the edge and very small teeth or it can be flat on
the opposite edge.
How much asphalt should be above the desire finished level?
3/4 of an inch
What is concrete used for?
Gutter and storm drains, as well as collars around water valves, manholes and drive
approaches.
Drive approaches are usually a part of what?