PSYCHOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2025/2026 100% questions and answers
highly graded A+
Wilhelm Wundt used ____________ (he called it "internal perception"), a process by
which someone examines their own conscious experience as objectively as possible,
making the human mind like any other aspect of nature that a scientist observed. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Introspection
As William James saw it, psychology's purpose was to study the function of behavior in
the world, and as such, his perspective was known as ___________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Functionalism
Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality? -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud theorized that many of his patients' problems arose from the
________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Unconscious Mind
Peter is interested in pursuing a ___________ training program with the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention after he receives his PhD, which will allow him to
further develop his research on adolescent suicide and broaden his research skills
under the supervision of CDC researchers. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Postdoctoral
In 1920, Cecil Sumner was the first _______________________ to receive a PhD in
psychology in the United States. - CORRECT ANSWERS--African American
When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will
score low on the ___________ trait. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Extroversion
_____________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for
good that is innate to all humans. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Humanism
Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior,
measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to
determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct
research in the area of _____________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality
Recently, the study of personality has taken on a more _________________ approach.
- CORRECT ANSWERS--Quantitative
,When studying personality traits, someone who is calm, even-tempered, and secure will
score low on the __________ trait. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Neuroticism
One drawback of _________________________ is that the traits that we possess now
evolved under environmental and social conditions far back in human history, and we
have a poor understanding of what these conditions were. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Evolutionary Psychology
Which theorist had the most influence in shaping how clinicians interact with people
seeking psychotherapy? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Freud and Rogers
Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness
preparation? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Forensic psychologists
German psychologists immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century to
escape Nazi Germany. These men are credited with introducing psychologists in the
United States to various __________ principles. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Gestalt
______________________________ is a discipline that focuses on emotional, social,
vocational, and health related outcomes in individuals who are considered
psychologically healthy. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Counseling psychology
Create an ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed
first. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Structuralism, Functionalism, Behaviorism, Humanism
One weakness in the field of cross-cultural psychology is that in looking for differences
in psychological attributes across cultures, there remains a need to go beyond simple
_____________________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Descriptive Statistics
___________________ was an American social psychologist who is most famous for
research that he conducted on obedience. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Stanley Milgram
A _________________ is essentially a long research paper or bundled published
articles describing research that was conducted as a part of the candidate's doctoral
training. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Dissertation
'Earning a doctoral degree in psychology is a lengthy process, usually taking between
_______ years of graduate study. - CORRECT ANSWERS--5-6
Professional organization representing psychologists in the United States - CORRECT
ANSWERS--American Psychological Association
Focus on observing and controlling behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS--Behaviorism
Study of how biology influences behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS--Biopsychology
, Perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to
determine an individual's health. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Biopsychosocial Model
Area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological
disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Clinical
Psychology
Study of cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to experiences and actions. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Cognitive Psychology
Area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other
aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Counseling Psychology
Scientific study of development across a lifespan. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Developmental Psychology
Method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation,rather
than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Empirical Method
Area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within
and related to the justice system. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Forensic Psychology
Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Functionalism
Process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to
break it into its component parts. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Introspection
Study of patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality Psychology
Consistent pattern of thought and behavior. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality Trait
Doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional
college of liberal arts and sciences - CORRECT ANSWERS--PhD (Doctor of
Philosophy)
Allows young scientists to further develop their research programs and broaden their
research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field. - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Postdoctoral Training Program
Greek word for soul. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Psyche
2025/2026 100% questions and answers
highly graded A+
Wilhelm Wundt used ____________ (he called it "internal perception"), a process by
which someone examines their own conscious experience as objectively as possible,
making the human mind like any other aspect of nature that a scientist observed. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Introspection
As William James saw it, psychology's purpose was to study the function of behavior in
the world, and as such, his perspective was known as ___________. - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Functionalism
Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality? -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud theorized that many of his patients' problems arose from the
________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Unconscious Mind
Peter is interested in pursuing a ___________ training program with the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention after he receives his PhD, which will allow him to
further develop his research on adolescent suicide and broaden his research skills
under the supervision of CDC researchers. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Postdoctoral
In 1920, Cecil Sumner was the first _______________________ to receive a PhD in
psychology in the United States. - CORRECT ANSWERS--African American
When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will
score low on the ___________ trait. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Extroversion
_____________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for
good that is innate to all humans. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Humanism
Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior,
measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to
determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct
research in the area of _____________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality
Recently, the study of personality has taken on a more _________________ approach.
- CORRECT ANSWERS--Quantitative
,When studying personality traits, someone who is calm, even-tempered, and secure will
score low on the __________ trait. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Neuroticism
One drawback of _________________________ is that the traits that we possess now
evolved under environmental and social conditions far back in human history, and we
have a poor understanding of what these conditions were. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Evolutionary Psychology
Which theorist had the most influence in shaping how clinicians interact with people
seeking psychotherapy? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Freud and Rogers
Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness
preparation? - CORRECT ANSWERS--Forensic psychologists
German psychologists immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century to
escape Nazi Germany. These men are credited with introducing psychologists in the
United States to various __________ principles. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Gestalt
______________________________ is a discipline that focuses on emotional, social,
vocational, and health related outcomes in individuals who are considered
psychologically healthy. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Counseling psychology
Create an ordered list of psychological perspectives, with the earliest perspective listed
first. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Structuralism, Functionalism, Behaviorism, Humanism
One weakness in the field of cross-cultural psychology is that in looking for differences
in psychological attributes across cultures, there remains a need to go beyond simple
_____________________________. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Descriptive Statistics
___________________ was an American social psychologist who is most famous for
research that he conducted on obedience. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Stanley Milgram
A _________________ is essentially a long research paper or bundled published
articles describing research that was conducted as a part of the candidate's doctoral
training. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Dissertation
'Earning a doctoral degree in psychology is a lengthy process, usually taking between
_______ years of graduate study. - CORRECT ANSWERS--5-6
Professional organization representing psychologists in the United States - CORRECT
ANSWERS--American Psychological Association
Focus on observing and controlling behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS--Behaviorism
Study of how biology influences behavior - CORRECT ANSWERS--Biopsychology
, Perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to
determine an individual's health. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Biopsychosocial Model
Area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological
disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Clinical
Psychology
Study of cognitions, or thoughts, and their relationship to experiences and actions. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Cognitive Psychology
Area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other
aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Counseling Psychology
Scientific study of development across a lifespan. - CORRECT ANSWERS--
Developmental Psychology
Method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation,rather
than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Empirical Method
Area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within
and related to the justice system. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Forensic Psychology
Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Functionalism
Process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to
break it into its component parts. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Introspection
Study of patterns of thoughts and behaviors that make each individual unique. -
CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality Psychology
Consistent pattern of thought and behavior. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Personality Trait
Doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional
college of liberal arts and sciences - CORRECT ANSWERS--PhD (Doctor of
Philosophy)
Allows young scientists to further develop their research programs and broaden their
research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field. - CORRECT
ANSWERS--Postdoctoral Training Program
Greek word for soul. - CORRECT ANSWERS--Psyche
