,
,
,
,
,
,
,Page Ref: 4
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of
patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration
of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support;
involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Domains and
Competencies: 1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the discipline of nursing's distinct perspective
and where shared perspectives exist with other disciplines. | NLN Competencies:
Relationship-Centered Care, Knowledge, Effective Communication. | Nursing/Integrated
Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-10 Explain the differences between trade-name drugs and their generic
equivalents.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client that had a myocardial infarction reports taking an over-the-counter (OTC) antacid for
indigestion for years. Which response should the nurse make?
"It sounds like you were self-treating and you probably will be fine."
"Why did you do that? You should have seen a physician."
"Well, your discomfort was not indigestion."
"Your wife was self-diagnosing, which is generally not a good idea."
Answer: 4
Explanation:
Saying that the client will be fine is giving false hope without knowing the status of the client's
condition.
Asking why the client was taking an over-the-counter antacid is nontherapeutic and too
accusatory; "why" questions should be avoided.
Saying that the client's discomfort was not indigestion is judgmental and will alienate the client.
Clients take over-the-counter (OTC drugs for many reasons. Self-treatment is frequently
ineffective, and the potential for harm may increase if the disease is allowed to progress.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.C.1 Value seeing healthcare situations "through patients'
eyes." | AACN Domains and Competencies: 2.2 Communicate effectively with individuals. | NLN
Competencies: Relationship-Centered Care, Knowledge, Effective Communication. |
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-9 Outline the major differences between prescription and over-the-counter
drugs.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
,The nurse instructs a client about the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Which client
response indicates to the nurse that the teaching was effective?
"I will check with my provider first before I take any over-the-counter medicine."
"A pharmacist can tell me how to take the over-the-counter medicine."
"After reading all the directions on the label, I will call the healthcare provider's office if they are
not clear."
"Medicines that are available over the counter are really safe, or they would be prescription
medicines."
Answer: 3
Explanation:
It is not realistic to expect clients to call the doctor's office before taking any OTC medicine.
Asking the pharmacist is a good idea but does not replace reading the label directions. Also, the
pharmacist might not always be in the store when the medicine is purchased.
In most cases, clients may treat themselves safely if they carefully follow the instructions
included with the medication.
Most OTC medicines have a high margin of safety, but none is considered completely safe.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.4 Examine how the safety, quality, and cost effectiveness
of healthcare can be improved through the active involvement of patients and families. | AACN
Domains and Competencies: 5.2 Contribute to a culture of patient safety. | NLN Competencies:
Quality and Safety: Commit to a generative safety culture. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing
Process: Teaching/Learning; Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-9 Outline the major differences between prescription and over-the-counter
drugs.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client asks why a prescribed medication is very expensive. Which action should the nurse
take?
Help the client receive free medicine through a "patient assistance" program.
Ask the healthcare provider if a cheaper brand name drug may be substituted.
Contact the healthcare provider to ask if a generic drug may be substituted.
Maintain the client on samples of the brand name drug from the physician's office.
Answer: 3
Explanation:
A patient assistance program is a good idea; however, the client may not qualify for it and so this
would not be the best action.
Another brand name drug may not be what the client needs for the illness.
Generic drugs are much less costly than brand name drugs.
Providing samples is an option, but the office may temporarily run out of samples and the client
will not receive the medication.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and
processes. | AACN Domains and Competencies: 2.6 Demonstrate accountability for care delivery.
| NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other
, disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-10 Explain the differences between trade-name drugs and their generic
equivalents.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client asks why a newly prescribed medication is so expensive. Which response should the
nurse make?
"It is expensive, but your insurance covers it and you have a low co-pay."
"Drug companies are allowed to advertise medications and this adds to the cost."
"Drug companies must recoup the cost of developing and producing the drug."
"I think the drug companies should be more accountable for lowering costs."
Answer: 3
Explanation:
Telling the client that insurance covers the drug doesn't answer the client's question.
Advertising costs are expensive, but this answer implies the drug company is raising costs
unnecessarily.
If the cost of developing a new drug is not recouped by the drug company, there is no impetus
for the company to continue drug development.
It is nontherapeutic for the nurse to introduce personal beliefs, such as accountability of drug
companies, into a conversation with the client.
Page Ref: 6
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of
patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration
of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support;
involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Domains and
Competencies: 1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the discipline of nursing's distinct perspective
and where shared perspectives exist with other disciplines. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and
Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated
Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-8 Distinguish among a drug's chemical name, generic name, and trade
name.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
The nurse reviews key events in the history of pharmacology with a student nurse. Which
student comment indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is required?
"Modern pharmacology began in the early 1600s."
"Herbal medicine is one of the oldest forms of healthcare."
"John Jacob Abel is considered the father of American pharmacology."
"New drugs can be synthesized faster than isolating active agents from natural resources."
Answer: 1
Explanation:
Modern pharmacology began in the 1800s, not the 1600s.
It is true that herbal medicine is one of the oldest forms of healthcare.
John Jacob Abel, who is considered the father of American pharmacology owing to his many
contributions to the field, founded the first pharmacology department in the United States at the
University of Michigan in 1890.
In the twentieth century, pharmacologists were able to synthesize new medications faster than
,
,
,
,
,
,Page Ref: 4
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of
patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration
of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support;
involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Domains and
Competencies: 1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the discipline of nursing's distinct perspective
and where shared perspectives exist with other disciplines. | NLN Competencies:
Relationship-Centered Care, Knowledge, Effective Communication. | Nursing/Integrated
Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-10 Explain the differences between trade-name drugs and their generic
equivalents.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client that had a myocardial infarction reports taking an over-the-counter (OTC) antacid for
indigestion for years. Which response should the nurse make?
"It sounds like you were self-treating and you probably will be fine."
"Why did you do that? You should have seen a physician."
"Well, your discomfort was not indigestion."
"Your wife was self-diagnosing, which is generally not a good idea."
Answer: 4
Explanation:
Saying that the client will be fine is giving false hope without knowing the status of the client's
condition.
Asking why the client was taking an over-the-counter antacid is nontherapeutic and too
accusatory; "why" questions should be avoided.
Saying that the client's discomfort was not indigestion is judgmental and will alienate the client.
Clients take over-the-counter (OTC drugs for many reasons. Self-treatment is frequently
ineffective, and the potential for harm may increase if the disease is allowed to progress.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.C.1 Value seeing healthcare situations "through patients'
eyes." | AACN Domains and Competencies: 2.2 Communicate effectively with individuals. | NLN
Competencies: Relationship-Centered Care, Knowledge, Effective Communication. |
Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-9 Outline the major differences between prescription and over-the-counter
drugs.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
,The nurse instructs a client about the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Which client
response indicates to the nurse that the teaching was effective?
"I will check with my provider first before I take any over-the-counter medicine."
"A pharmacist can tell me how to take the over-the-counter medicine."
"After reading all the directions on the label, I will call the healthcare provider's office if they are
not clear."
"Medicines that are available over the counter are really safe, or they would be prescription
medicines."
Answer: 3
Explanation:
It is not realistic to expect clients to call the doctor's office before taking any OTC medicine.
Asking the pharmacist is a good idea but does not replace reading the label directions. Also, the
pharmacist might not always be in the store when the medicine is purchased.
In most cases, clients may treat themselves safely if they carefully follow the instructions
included with the medication.
Most OTC medicines have a high margin of safety, but none is considered completely safe.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.4 Examine how the safety, quality, and cost effectiveness
of healthcare can be improved through the active involvement of patients and families. | AACN
Domains and Competencies: 5.2 Contribute to a culture of patient safety. | NLN Competencies:
Quality and Safety: Commit to a generative safety culture. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing
Process: Teaching/Learning; Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-9 Outline the major differences between prescription and over-the-counter
drugs.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client asks why a prescribed medication is very expensive. Which action should the nurse
take?
Help the client receive free medicine through a "patient assistance" program.
Ask the healthcare provider if a cheaper brand name drug may be substituted.
Contact the healthcare provider to ask if a generic drug may be substituted.
Maintain the client on samples of the brand name drug from the physician's office.
Answer: 3
Explanation:
A patient assistance program is a good idea; however, the client may not qualify for it and so this
would not be the best action.
Another brand name drug may not be what the client needs for the illness.
Generic drugs are much less costly than brand name drugs.
Providing samples is an option, but the office may temporarily run out of samples and the client
will not receive the medication.
Page Ref: 7
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: III.A.1 Demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods and
processes. | AACN Domains and Competencies: 2.6 Demonstrate accountability for care delivery.
| NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other
, disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-10 Explain the differences between trade-name drugs and their generic
equivalents.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
A client asks why a newly prescribed medication is so expensive. Which response should the
nurse make?
"It is expensive, but your insurance covers it and you have a low co-pay."
"Drug companies are allowed to advertise medications and this adds to the cost."
"Drug companies must recoup the cost of developing and producing the drug."
"I think the drug companies should be more accountable for lowering costs."
Answer: 3
Explanation:
Telling the client that insurance covers the drug doesn't answer the client's question.
Advertising costs are expensive, but this answer implies the drug company is raising costs
unnecessarily.
If the cost of developing a new drug is not recouped by the drug company, there is no impetus
for the company to continue drug development.
It is nontherapeutic for the nurse to introduce personal beliefs, such as accountability of drug
companies, into a conversation with the client.
Page Ref: 6
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of
patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration
of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support;
involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Domains and
Competencies: 1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of the discipline of nursing's distinct perspective
and where shared perspectives exist with other disciplines. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and
Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated
Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-8 Distinguish among a drug's chemical name, generic name, and trade
name.
MNL Learning Outcome: Examine the basic concepts of pharmacology.
The nurse reviews key events in the history of pharmacology with a student nurse. Which
student comment indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is required?
"Modern pharmacology began in the early 1600s."
"Herbal medicine is one of the oldest forms of healthcare."
"John Jacob Abel is considered the father of American pharmacology."
"New drugs can be synthesized faster than isolating active agents from natural resources."
Answer: 1
Explanation:
Modern pharmacology began in the 1800s, not the 1600s.
It is true that herbal medicine is one of the oldest forms of healthcare.
John Jacob Abel, who is considered the father of American pharmacology owing to his many
contributions to the field, founded the first pharmacology department in the United States at the
University of Michigan in 1890.
In the twentieth century, pharmacologists were able to synthesize new medications faster than
