AIR METHODS CRITICAL CARE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS A GRADED
What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct placement
of an ET tube? - (correct answer) -Continuous waveform capnography
The upper airway consists of... - (correct answer) -Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity,
Pharynx, and Larynx
No gas exchange occurs here , it's called . - (correct
answer) -Nose to terminal bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired
tidal volume) They conduct airflow towards gas exchange units.
Crycothyroid membrane - (correct answer) -between thyroid and cricoid,
avascular structure that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Site of
CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an emergency opening of the airway.
A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - (correct answer) -C. Respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 normal range - (correct answer) -35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means
hyperventilation
Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds, and
,hyperresonance... What's happening? - (correct answer) -Tension pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction? - (correct
answer)
-AWAY from affected side.
Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure - (correct answer) -10-20 mmHg
Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than... - (correct answer) -
(PAm) greater than 20
Primary pulmonary hypertension - (correct answer) -Idiopathic genetic disorder
caused by abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels
,Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension.. - (correct answer) -1.
Passive PH- the result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in
pulmonary circuit (i.e. congenital heart disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
TNP of the Pregnant patient - (correct answer) -Resuscitation priorities are the
same. The best way to take care of the baby is to take care of mama
Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of maternal
injury is...
- (correct answer) -Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls,
3rd is violence
fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why? - (correct answer) -
Catecholamine mediated vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood
away from the fetus to the mom.
Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by.... - (correct answer) -Fetal tachycardia (140
to 160+) and fetal bradycardia
The FRC in a pregnant patient is.... - (correct answer) -Reduced by the gravid
uterus lifting the diaphragm.
chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher - (correct answer) -
Because of the lifted diaphragm
What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients? - (correct answer)
, - Hemodilitional anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
Preterm Labor (PTL) - (correct answer) -
abruptio placentae - (correct answer) -premature separation of the placenta from
the uterine wall
On a pregnant patient... - (correct answer) -Chest compressions must be higher on
the sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus
should have the uterus left laterally displaced during compressions to avoid
aortocaval compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral displacement.
What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index? - (correct answer) -A valid reliable 5
level triage tool that may assist in the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by - (correct answer) -
approximately 30%!
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS A GRADED
What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct placement
of an ET tube? - (correct answer) -Continuous waveform capnography
The upper airway consists of... - (correct answer) -Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity,
Pharynx, and Larynx
No gas exchange occurs here , it's called . - (correct
answer) -Nose to terminal bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired
tidal volume) They conduct airflow towards gas exchange units.
Crycothyroid membrane - (correct answer) -between thyroid and cricoid,
avascular structure that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Site of
CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an emergency opening of the airway.
A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - (correct answer) -C. Respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 normal range - (correct answer) -35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means
hyperventilation
Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds, and
,hyperresonance... What's happening? - (correct answer) -Tension pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction? - (correct
answer)
-AWAY from affected side.
Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure - (correct answer) -10-20 mmHg
Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than... - (correct answer) -
(PAm) greater than 20
Primary pulmonary hypertension - (correct answer) -Idiopathic genetic disorder
caused by abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels
,Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension.. - (correct answer) -1.
Passive PH- the result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in
pulmonary circuit (i.e. congenital heart disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
TNP of the Pregnant patient - (correct answer) -Resuscitation priorities are the
same. The best way to take care of the baby is to take care of mama
Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of maternal
injury is...
- (correct answer) -Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls,
3rd is violence
fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why? - (correct answer) -
Catecholamine mediated vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood
away from the fetus to the mom.
Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by.... - (correct answer) -Fetal tachycardia (140
to 160+) and fetal bradycardia
The FRC in a pregnant patient is.... - (correct answer) -Reduced by the gravid
uterus lifting the diaphragm.
chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher - (correct answer) -
Because of the lifted diaphragm
What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients? - (correct answer)
, - Hemodilitional anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
Preterm Labor (PTL) - (correct answer) -
abruptio placentae - (correct answer) -premature separation of the placenta from
the uterine wall
On a pregnant patient... - (correct answer) -Chest compressions must be higher on
the sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus
should have the uterus left laterally displaced during compressions to avoid
aortocaval compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral displacement.
What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index? - (correct answer) -A valid reliable 5
level triage tool that may assist in the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by - (correct answer) -
approximately 30%!
