HESI REVIEW #1 BSN 266 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALE
A client with acute osteomyelitis has undergone surgical debridement of the diseased bone
and asks the nurse how long will antibiotics have to be administered. Which information
should the nurse communicate?
A. Oral antibiotics for 2 to 4 months, then for dental procedure prophylaxis.
B. Parenteral antibiotics for 4 to 6 weeks, then oral antibiotics for up to 1 year.
C. Parenteral antibiotics for 4 to 8 weeks, then oral antibiotics for 4 to 8
weeks. Parenteral antibiotics for 2 to 3 weeks, then oral antibiotics for 4 weeks
C
Treatment of acute osteomyelitis requires the administration of high doses of parenteral
antibiotics for 4 to 8 weeks, followed by oral antibiotics for another 4 to 8 weeks
In planning care for a client with an acute stroke resulting in right-sided hemiplegia, which
positioning should the nurse should use to maintain optimal functioning?
A. Mid-Fowlers with knees supported.
B. Supine with trochanter rolls to the hips.
C. Sim's position alternated with right lateral position q2
hours. Left lateral, supine, brief periods on the right side, and
prone
D
Rationale
After an acute stroke, a positioning and turning schedule that minimizes lying on the
affected side, which can impair circulation and cause pain, and includes the prone position
to help prevent flexion contractures of the hips, prepares the client for optimal functioning
and ambulation.
Which preexisting diagnosis places a client at the greatest risk of developing superior vena
cava syndrome?
,A. Carotid stenosis.
B. Steatosis hepatitis.
C. Metastatic cancer.
D. Clavicular fracture.
C
Rationale
Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava (SVC) is compressed by
outside structures, such as a growing tumor that impedes the return blood flow to the
heart. Superior vena cava syndrome is likely to occur with metastatic cancer from a
primary tumor in the upper lobe of the right lung that compresses the superior vena cava.
,The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client with chronic prostatitis. What
instruction should the nurse provide the client to reduce the risk of spreading the infection
to other areas of the client's urinary tract?
A. Wear a condom when having sexual intercourse.
B. Avoid consuming alcohol and caffeinated beverages.
C. Empty the bladder completely with each voiding.
D. Have intercourse or masturbate at least twice a
week. D
Rationale
The prostate is not easily penetrated by antibiotics and can serve as a reservoir for
microorganisms, which can infect other areas of the genitourinary tract. Draining the
prostate regularly through intercourse or masturbation decreases the number of
microorganisms present and reduces the risk for further infection from stored
contaminated seminal fluids
During the initial outbreak of genital herpes simplex for a female client, what should be the
nurse's primary focus in planning care?
A. Promotion of comfort.
B. Prevention of pregnancy.
C. Instruction in condom use.
Information about transmission
A
Rationale
The initial outbreak of genital herpes simplex in a woman causes severe discomfort.
Promotion of comfort is the first priority
A client who has a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum returns to the unit after a
bronchoscopy. What nursing interventions should be implemented in the immediate post-
procedural period?
A. Keep the client on bed rest for eight hours.
B. Check vital signs every 15 minutes for two hours.
C. Allow the client nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns.
, D. Encourage fluid intake to promote elimination of the contrast
media. C
Rationale
The nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized with local anesthetic spray prior to
bronchoscopy, and the bronchoscope is coated with lidocaine (Xylocaine) gel to inhibit the
gag reflex and prevent laryngeal spasm during insertion. The client should be NPO until
the client's gag reflex returns to prevent aspiration from any oral intake or secretions.
The nurse is assessing a client admitted from the emergency room with gastrointestinal
bleeding related to peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which physiological factors can
produce ulceration? (Select all that apply.)
WITH RATIONALE
A client with acute osteomyelitis has undergone surgical debridement of the diseased bone
and asks the nurse how long will antibiotics have to be administered. Which information
should the nurse communicate?
A. Oral antibiotics for 2 to 4 months, then for dental procedure prophylaxis.
B. Parenteral antibiotics for 4 to 6 weeks, then oral antibiotics for up to 1 year.
C. Parenteral antibiotics for 4 to 8 weeks, then oral antibiotics for 4 to 8
weeks. Parenteral antibiotics for 2 to 3 weeks, then oral antibiotics for 4 weeks
C
Treatment of acute osteomyelitis requires the administration of high doses of parenteral
antibiotics for 4 to 8 weeks, followed by oral antibiotics for another 4 to 8 weeks
In planning care for a client with an acute stroke resulting in right-sided hemiplegia, which
positioning should the nurse should use to maintain optimal functioning?
A. Mid-Fowlers with knees supported.
B. Supine with trochanter rolls to the hips.
C. Sim's position alternated with right lateral position q2
hours. Left lateral, supine, brief periods on the right side, and
prone
D
Rationale
After an acute stroke, a positioning and turning schedule that minimizes lying on the
affected side, which can impair circulation and cause pain, and includes the prone position
to help prevent flexion contractures of the hips, prepares the client for optimal functioning
and ambulation.
Which preexisting diagnosis places a client at the greatest risk of developing superior vena
cava syndrome?
,A. Carotid stenosis.
B. Steatosis hepatitis.
C. Metastatic cancer.
D. Clavicular fracture.
C
Rationale
Superior vena cava syndrome occurs when the superior vena cava (SVC) is compressed by
outside structures, such as a growing tumor that impedes the return blood flow to the
heart. Superior vena cava syndrome is likely to occur with metastatic cancer from a
primary tumor in the upper lobe of the right lung that compresses the superior vena cava.
,The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client with chronic prostatitis. What
instruction should the nurse provide the client to reduce the risk of spreading the infection
to other areas of the client's urinary tract?
A. Wear a condom when having sexual intercourse.
B. Avoid consuming alcohol and caffeinated beverages.
C. Empty the bladder completely with each voiding.
D. Have intercourse or masturbate at least twice a
week. D
Rationale
The prostate is not easily penetrated by antibiotics and can serve as a reservoir for
microorganisms, which can infect other areas of the genitourinary tract. Draining the
prostate regularly through intercourse or masturbation decreases the number of
microorganisms present and reduces the risk for further infection from stored
contaminated seminal fluids
During the initial outbreak of genital herpes simplex for a female client, what should be the
nurse's primary focus in planning care?
A. Promotion of comfort.
B. Prevention of pregnancy.
C. Instruction in condom use.
Information about transmission
A
Rationale
The initial outbreak of genital herpes simplex in a woman causes severe discomfort.
Promotion of comfort is the first priority
A client who has a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum returns to the unit after a
bronchoscopy. What nursing interventions should be implemented in the immediate post-
procedural period?
A. Keep the client on bed rest for eight hours.
B. Check vital signs every 15 minutes for two hours.
C. Allow the client nothing by mouth until the gag reflex returns.
, D. Encourage fluid intake to promote elimination of the contrast
media. C
Rationale
The nasal pharynx and oral pharynx are anesthetized with local anesthetic spray prior to
bronchoscopy, and the bronchoscope is coated with lidocaine (Xylocaine) gel to inhibit the
gag reflex and prevent laryngeal spasm during insertion. The client should be NPO until
the client's gag reflex returns to prevent aspiration from any oral intake or secretions.
The nurse is assessing a client admitted from the emergency room with gastrointestinal
bleeding related to peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which physiological factors can
produce ulceration? (Select all that apply.)
