MAS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

Felipe Vela - ANSWERSDate: 1928 Description: 1. San Antonio School Districts had a history of segregation. MR. VELA attempted to enroll his ADOPTED CHILD who was Anglo in the "American school" but was not allowed. 2. The key issue was "whether the board of trustees had the legal authority to segregate Mexican children based on race". Outcome: "If Mexican children spoke English fluently and understood its' meaning they should be classified with the American children". (Policy: Mexican children would be segregated based on the basis of language after this decision.) Salvatierra Case - ANSWERSDate: 1930 Description: 1. This was the first segregation case in which courts were asked to exercise their power of "Judicial review" to determine the "constitutionality" of the segregation practices by local school boards. 2. The Del Rio school system was compromised of 4 buildings - Anglo facilities: one high school, one elementary school, one athletic field - Mexican facilities: a 2 room building for the Mexican children Outcome: The courts justified segregation of linguistically different children by separate buildings. This will become know as the Salvatierra Doctrine~ meaning segregation of non-English speaking children. Lemon Grove Case - ANSWERSDescription: In 1931 at ---------------, California near San Diego the parents of 75 Mexican parents refused to send their children to a segregated Mexican school built by the school district. (Won the case) Outcome: This was a land mark case that served as precedent for school de-segregation cases that followed in the 1940's Mendez v. Westminster Case - ANSWERSdistrict Date: 1946 Description: 1. The federal court held that "equal protection of the law" pertaining to the public school system in California was NOT met by providing separate schools with technically the same facilities for Mexican American children. 2. This is strikingly similar to the future supreme court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which found that separate but equal educational facilities are inherently unequal. 3. In the Mandez case, for the first time a federal court found segregation of Mexican Americans in public schools to be a violation of the state law and a denial of the equal protection clause of the US constitution. Outcome: The practice of segregation changed very little. In most schools across the southwest the de facto segregation system either remained or became for prevalent. ~ de facto= in practice ~ de jure segregation= according to law Delgado Case - ANSWERSDate: 1948 Description: 1. Mexican American parents filed a lawsuit against the Banstrop Independent Schools, alleging segregation practices of Mexican American children 2. The parents charged officials in several Texas school districts with unconstitutional segregation. Outcome: Federal district court in Texas, held the segregation practices of the school district were arbitrary and discriminatory in violation of the 14th amendment. Hernandez Case, 14th Amendment - ANSWERS1954 Description: 1. GARCIA & CADENA argued that even though Mexican Americans were classified as "White", they were not treated as "white" 2. Class: is an identifiable group, such as race or ethnicity, deserving of heightened constitutional review and protection. When such classification is at issue, the courts will review the policies and the historical practices under the strict scrutiny. Outcome: The US supreme court in an unanimous decision held that the Mexican Americans had historically been discriminated against and accordingly constituted an identifiable class under the 14th amendment of the US constitution thus requiring the protection of the law and the courts 14th amendment: SAS: Secures all persons against any state action that would result in deprivation of life, liberty or property without due process of law or in the denial of the equal protection of the law.