EMT-B FINAL EXAM PREP TEST BANK - ALL JB LEARNING
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS / VERIFIED ANSWERS|
GUARANTEE A+ SCORE GUIDE 2023/2024
position of comfort for pregnant women - ANSWER-left side
stages of labor - ANSWER-- dilation of cervix
- delivery of fetus
- delivery of placenta
normal vitals for newborn - ANSWER-- HR: 90-180
- RR: 30-60
- BP: 50-70; don't really use
- Cap refill: 2 seconds
APGAR - ANSWER-- appearance: babies should "pink up" quickly
- pulse: a newborn with no pulse requires immediate CPR
- grimace or irritability: "flick" the baby's foot to see if he or she grimaces or cries
- activity or muscle tone: no floppy limbs
- respirations: might need ventilation assistance
perfect score = 10
closed abdominal injury - ANSWER-an injury in which there is soft-tissue damage inside
the body but the skin remains intact
MOI: motor cycle crashes, falls, blast injuries, pedestrian injuries, compression,
deceleration
open abdominal injury - ANSWER-an injury in which there is a. break in the surface of
the skin or mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination
MOI: low-velocity injuries (hand-held or hand-powered objects), medium-velocity
penetrating wounds (small caliber handguns and shotguns), high-velocity injuries (rifles
and higher-powered handguns)
hollow organs - ANSWER-structures through which materials pass
stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, urinary bladder - ANSWER-
examples of hollow organs
solid organs - ANSWER-solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the
body takes place
liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys - ANSWER-examples of solid organs
,evisceration - ANSWER-the displacement of organs outside the body
axial loading injuries - ANSWER-injuries where load is applied along the vertical or
longitudinal axis of the spine; for example, falling from a height and landing on the feet
in an upright position
hemiparesis - ANSWER-weakness on one side of the body
paraplegia - ANSWER-paralysis to the lower half of the body
basilar skull fractures - ANSWER-usually occur following diffuse impact to the head
(such. as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear
fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph
battle sign - ANSWER-bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may
indicate a skull fracture
cerebral edema - ANSWER-swelling of the brain
closed head injury - ANSWER-injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin
has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding
concussion - ANSWER-a temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities
to function without actual physical damage to the brain
coup-contrecoup injury - ANSWER-dual impacting of the brain into the skull
coup - ANSWER-occurs at the point of impact
contrecoup - ANSWER-occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds
epidural hematoma - ANSWER-an accumulation of blood between the skull and the
dura mater
intracerebral hematoma - ANSWER-bleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself
linear skull fractures - ANSWER-account for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as
non-displaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the
skull; not associated with deformities to the skull
open head injury - ANSWER-injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in
which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue
primary (direct) injury - ANSWER-an injury to the brain and its associated structures that
is a direct result of impact to the head
, raccoon eyes - ANSWER-bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture
secondary (indirect) injury - ANSWER-the after effects of the primary injury; includes
abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral
ischemia, hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain
injury
subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the
cerebrospinal fluid circulated
subdural hematoma - ANSWER-an accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but
outside the brain
traumatic brain injury (TBI) - ANSWER-a traumatic insult to the brain. capable of
producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes
hypotension, tachycardia, slurred speech, dilated pupils, airway compromise
(sometimes) - ANSWER-signs and symptoms of an overdose
- charcoal
- O2 via NRB
- Naloxone for opioid overdose - ANSWER-treatment for an overdose
- infant's tongue is proportionally larger
- airway is proportionally shorter and narrower
- increased flexibility of the trachea
- airway can be easily blocked - ANSWER-newborn difference in airway
- breathing muscles are immature
can manage normal breathing requirements easily but can become fatigued when
stressed
- ventilations that are too forceful can result in barotrauma
- number of alveoli is lower
- respiratory problems can become life-threatening - ANSWER-newborn difference in
breathing
fetal. circulation through placenta --> independent circulation - ANSWER-newborn
difference in circulation
normal vitals for toddler - ANSWER-- HR: 90-150
- RR: 20-30
- Systolic BP: 80-100
normal vitals for school age children - ANSWER-- HR: 70-120
- RR: 15-20
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS / VERIFIED ANSWERS|
GUARANTEE A+ SCORE GUIDE 2023/2024
position of comfort for pregnant women - ANSWER-left side
stages of labor - ANSWER-- dilation of cervix
- delivery of fetus
- delivery of placenta
normal vitals for newborn - ANSWER-- HR: 90-180
- RR: 30-60
- BP: 50-70; don't really use
- Cap refill: 2 seconds
APGAR - ANSWER-- appearance: babies should "pink up" quickly
- pulse: a newborn with no pulse requires immediate CPR
- grimace or irritability: "flick" the baby's foot to see if he or she grimaces or cries
- activity or muscle tone: no floppy limbs
- respirations: might need ventilation assistance
perfect score = 10
closed abdominal injury - ANSWER-an injury in which there is soft-tissue damage inside
the body but the skin remains intact
MOI: motor cycle crashes, falls, blast injuries, pedestrian injuries, compression,
deceleration
open abdominal injury - ANSWER-an injury in which there is a. break in the surface of
the skin or mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination
MOI: low-velocity injuries (hand-held or hand-powered objects), medium-velocity
penetrating wounds (small caliber handguns and shotguns), high-velocity injuries (rifles
and higher-powered handguns)
hollow organs - ANSWER-structures through which materials pass
stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, urinary bladder - ANSWER-
examples of hollow organs
solid organs - ANSWER-solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the
body takes place
liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys - ANSWER-examples of solid organs
,evisceration - ANSWER-the displacement of organs outside the body
axial loading injuries - ANSWER-injuries where load is applied along the vertical or
longitudinal axis of the spine; for example, falling from a height and landing on the feet
in an upright position
hemiparesis - ANSWER-weakness on one side of the body
paraplegia - ANSWER-paralysis to the lower half of the body
basilar skull fractures - ANSWER-usually occur following diffuse impact to the head
(such. as falls, motor vehicle crashes); generally result from extension of a linear
fracture to the base of the skull and can be difficult to diagnose with a radiograph
battle sign - ANSWER-bruising behind an ear over the mastoid process that may
indicate a skull fracture
cerebral edema - ANSWER-swelling of the brain
closed head injury - ANSWER-injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin
has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding
concussion - ANSWER-a temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities
to function without actual physical damage to the brain
coup-contrecoup injury - ANSWER-dual impacting of the brain into the skull
coup - ANSWER-occurs at the point of impact
contrecoup - ANSWER-occurs on the opposite side of impact, as the brain rebounds
epidural hematoma - ANSWER-an accumulation of blood between the skull and the
dura mater
intracerebral hematoma - ANSWER-bleeding within the brain tissue (parenchyma) itself
linear skull fractures - ANSWER-account for 80% of skull fractures; also referred to as
non-displaced skull fractures; commonly occur in the temporal-parietal region of the
skull; not associated with deformities to the skull
open head injury - ANSWER-injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in
which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue
primary (direct) injury - ANSWER-an injury to the brain and its associated structures that
is a direct result of impact to the head
, raccoon eyes - ANSWER-bruising under the eyes that may indicate a skull fracture
secondary (indirect) injury - ANSWER-the after effects of the primary injury; includes
abnormal processes such as cerebral edema, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral
ischemia, hypoxia, and infection; onset is often delayed following the primary brain
injury
subarachnoid hemorrhage - ANSWER-bleeding into the subarachnoid space, where the
cerebrospinal fluid circulated
subdural hematoma - ANSWER-an accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater but
outside the brain
traumatic brain injury (TBI) - ANSWER-a traumatic insult to the brain. capable of
producing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and vocational changes
hypotension, tachycardia, slurred speech, dilated pupils, airway compromise
(sometimes) - ANSWER-signs and symptoms of an overdose
- charcoal
- O2 via NRB
- Naloxone for opioid overdose - ANSWER-treatment for an overdose
- infant's tongue is proportionally larger
- airway is proportionally shorter and narrower
- increased flexibility of the trachea
- airway can be easily blocked - ANSWER-newborn difference in airway
- breathing muscles are immature
can manage normal breathing requirements easily but can become fatigued when
stressed
- ventilations that are too forceful can result in barotrauma
- number of alveoli is lower
- respiratory problems can become life-threatening - ANSWER-newborn difference in
breathing
fetal. circulation through placenta --> independent circulation - ANSWER-newborn
difference in circulation
normal vitals for toddler - ANSWER-- HR: 90-150
- RR: 20-30
- Systolic BP: 80-100
normal vitals for school age children - ANSWER-- HR: 70-120
- RR: 15-20
