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specific memory of particular things Receiver Influences
how we take and understand what is going on attitudes, beliefs, and values
predispositions you may have Origin
where the message comes from Mode
possibilities:
visual, tactile, auditory, gustatory, olfactory Primacy
more likely to remember the first thing
Dave Barry
"when your team acts like morons, they are being high spirited. Whereas when the opposing team acts
like morons, they are being morons"
Selective Attention
we pay attention to something while ignoring something else Salience
most noticeable or important, focus of attention Interpretation
how do we explain radical differences in interpretation
i.e. Media Bias Retention Memory Recall
active, deliberate retrieval of information from memory Slow retrievals
trying to figure out where to go (non-automatic)
conscious (have to think about it)
indirect access (trying to figure it out)
Fast retrievals
driving home knowing where to go (automatic)
Unconscious (just happens)
direct access (just doing it) Semantic memory
General knowledge about people, places and things Episodic memory
autobiographical memory
,Recency
more likely to remember the last thing Language
choice of words Loftus (1970s)
psychologist who did experiments on this
How fast were the cars going when they hit each other (34mph) VS how fast were the cars going when
smashed each other? (40mph)
Did you see a broken headlight? (60%) or Did you see the broken headlight? (72%) Source influences
What explains the differences in interpretations in the bike stealing experimentSource influences
Goals
In the awareness test video, which of the following best explains the fact that we didn't see the
moonwalking bear
Selective Attention
The concept of helps explain why we didn't see the moonwalking bear Source influences
explains the difference in interpretations in the bike stealing experiment Sources influences
proximity, physical and social attraction
similarity, credibility and motivation,
delivery, status and authority.
Culture
aspects of our daily lives that link and give common significance to a particular group of people at a
particular time.
Geertz
we're suspended in webs of significance that we ourselves have spun understanding, meaning
Ethnos The people Graphy Writing
Thin description
just a description of behavior: no interpretation Thick description
interpretation of behavior (meaning)
Nacirema
article written in ritual jargon that depicts Americans Stages of cultural adaption
Honeymoon: fun, in love, everything is exciting, fun people, partying all the time
Frustration: miss home, miss usual food, deal with bureaucracy, language barriers
, Readjustment: develop coping mechanisms: through adaptation, nostalgia, etc
Resolution: full participation, leaving Reverse culture shock
if you live somewhere else for a long time, then you come back to your home country, then your home
doesn't feel like home anymore
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What is Dylan Romanow's IQ? communication
Culture is produced through Monochronic
do one thing at a time, punctuality Polychronic
do many things at once High context
most info is in PEOPLE rather than explicitly in messages Low context
most information is in explicit communication Monochronic and low context
According to Hall, American culture is Why study language?
major medium through which humans coordinate actions
we need language to coordinate our daily lives
highly complex
if we understand it, we can use it more effectively Phonetics
how speech sounds are produced Phonology
how sounds are combined into words accent
Phonetics+Phonology=
Syntax
how words are combined into sentences Semantics
study of meaning Pragmatics
how language is used in contexts Productivity
infinite number of messages can be created out of a finite number of words by applying rules of syntax
Principle of non-allness