Test Bank - Biological Science, 7th Edition
(Freeman, 2020) Chapter 29: Fungi
What are saprophytes? - ANSWER: Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking
down dead or decaying organic material.
What is yeast? - ANSWER: A unicellular fungus that reproduces by budding and is
commonly used in baking and brewing.
What are mycelia? - ANSWER: The network of hyphae that forms the vegetative
body of a fungus.
What are hyphae? - ANSWER: The thread-like filaments that make up the structure
of fungi.
What are septate hyphae? - ANSWER: Hyphae with cross-walls (septa) dividing the
filament into individual cells.
What are coenocytic hyphae? - ANSWER: Hyphae that lack septa and consist of a
continuous cytoplasm with multiple nuclei.
What is mutualism? - ANSWER: A type of symbiotic relationship where both
organisms benefit.
What is commensalism? - ANSWER: A symbiotic relationship where one organism
benefits, and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
What is mycorrhizal? - ANSWER: The symbiotic association between fungi and plant
roots.
What is endophytic? - ANSWER: Fungi that live within plant tissues without causing
harm to the plant.
What is ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF)? - ANSWER: Fungi that form a symbiotic
relationship with plant roots by enveloping them with a dense hyphal sheath, aiding in
nutrient absorption.
What is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)? - ANSWER: Fungi that penetrate plant
roots and form structures called arbuscules inside plant cells, facilitating nutrient
exchange
What are lichens? - ANSWER: Symbiotic associations between fungi and
photosynthetic organisms (algae or cyanobacteria).
(Freeman, 2020) Chapter 29: Fungi
What are saprophytes? - ANSWER: Organisms that obtain nutrients by breaking
down dead or decaying organic material.
What is yeast? - ANSWER: A unicellular fungus that reproduces by budding and is
commonly used in baking and brewing.
What are mycelia? - ANSWER: The network of hyphae that forms the vegetative
body of a fungus.
What are hyphae? - ANSWER: The thread-like filaments that make up the structure
of fungi.
What are septate hyphae? - ANSWER: Hyphae with cross-walls (septa) dividing the
filament into individual cells.
What are coenocytic hyphae? - ANSWER: Hyphae that lack septa and consist of a
continuous cytoplasm with multiple nuclei.
What is mutualism? - ANSWER: A type of symbiotic relationship where both
organisms benefit.
What is commensalism? - ANSWER: A symbiotic relationship where one organism
benefits, and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
What is mycorrhizal? - ANSWER: The symbiotic association between fungi and plant
roots.
What is endophytic? - ANSWER: Fungi that live within plant tissues without causing
harm to the plant.
What is ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF)? - ANSWER: Fungi that form a symbiotic
relationship with plant roots by enveloping them with a dense hyphal sheath, aiding in
nutrient absorption.
What is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)? - ANSWER: Fungi that penetrate plant
roots and form structures called arbuscules inside plant cells, facilitating nutrient
exchange
What are lichens? - ANSWER: Symbiotic associations between fungi and
photosynthetic organisms (algae or cyanobacteria).
