KINE 3600 MSK Exam 3 Questions –
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Name the significant features and landmarks of the clavicle. ANSW ✔✔ -
connects upper extremity with axial skeleton
- S-shaped bone
- has a sternal end, body (shaft) and acromial end
- trapezoid ridge and conoid tubercle on the inferior surface near the acromial
end
- epiphysis on sternal end is last one to fuse in the body
- a common point of fracture is on the superior side near the acromial end
Name the significant features and landmarks of the scapula. ANSW ✔✔ -
overlies ribs 2-7 posteriorly
- 3 borders: superior, medial (vertebral), lateral (axillary)
- 2 angles: inferior, superior
- anterior: subscapular fossa, coracoid process, acromion process
- posterior: spine of scapula, supraspinous fossa, suprascapular notch,
infraspinous fossa
- lateral: glenoid fossa
What bones form the pectoral girdle? What are its purposes? ANSW ✔✔ -
sternum (manubrium), clavicle, scapulae
- serve to attach upper appendicular skeleton to axial skeleton; form base for
upper extremity movement
,Name the landmarks of the humerus. ANSW ✔✔ - head, anatomic neck,
surgical neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, intertubercular groove, deltoid
tuberosity, shaft, radial groove
Describe the sternoclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between
manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
- has an articular disc of fibrocartilage that improves joint congruency and
absorbs shock
- classified as a diarthrodial saddle joint (triaxial): elevation/depression,
protraction/retraction, upward/downward rotation
Describe the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - anterior
sternoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive retraction and elevation)
- posterior sternoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive protraction and
elevation)
- interclavicular ligament (prevents excessive retraction and depression)
- costoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive elevation)
Describe the movement of the clavicle during movements of the glenohumeral
joint. ANSW ✔✔ - abd. and flexion of GH: upward rotation of clavicle
- add. and extension of GH: downward rotation of clavicle
Describe the acromioclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between
acromion process of scapula and lateral end of clavicle
- plane, nonaxial synovial joint; allows for gliding motion; clavicle rotates as
scapula undergoes elevation and depression
- has an articular disc
, Describe the ligaments of the AC joint. ANSW ✔✔ - acromioclavicular
ligaments: superior and inferior thickenings of the joint capsule; holds AC joint
together
- conoid ligament / trapezoid ligament (both are coracoclavicular ligaments);
run from inferior aspect of clavicle (at landmarks) to coracoid process; prevent
excessive elevation of clavicle
- Coracoacromial ligament; coracoid process to acromion process; odd because
it connects the same bone; forms the roof of the coracoacromial arch that
provides stability on superior aspect of GH joint (prevents superior translation
of humerus)
Describe the glenohumeral joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between the head
of the humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula
- multi-axial ball and socket joint (sacrifices stability for great mobility)
What is the glenoid labrum and what is its function? ANSW ✔✔ -
fibrocartilaginous rim around perimeter of glenoid cavity that deepens the
socket so more of the humeral head can fit in it
- this is necessary because only 1/3 of the humeral head can fit into the glenoid
cavity
Describe the motions of the GH joint. ANSW ✔✔ - flexion/extension (sagittal)
- abd./add. (frontal)
- internal (medial)/external (lateral) rotation (transverse)
- horizontal abd./horizontal add. (reaching across chest)
- circumduction
Describe the joint capsule of the GH joint. ANSW ✔✔ Anterior: 3 distinct
thickenings: superior glenohumeral ligament, middle GHL, inferior GHL; run
from glenoid to anatomical neck; prevent humerus from displacing anteriorly
100% Correct, Expert Verified
Answers with A+ Grade Assurance
Name the significant features and landmarks of the clavicle. ANSW ✔✔ -
connects upper extremity with axial skeleton
- S-shaped bone
- has a sternal end, body (shaft) and acromial end
- trapezoid ridge and conoid tubercle on the inferior surface near the acromial
end
- epiphysis on sternal end is last one to fuse in the body
- a common point of fracture is on the superior side near the acromial end
Name the significant features and landmarks of the scapula. ANSW ✔✔ -
overlies ribs 2-7 posteriorly
- 3 borders: superior, medial (vertebral), lateral (axillary)
- 2 angles: inferior, superior
- anterior: subscapular fossa, coracoid process, acromion process
- posterior: spine of scapula, supraspinous fossa, suprascapular notch,
infraspinous fossa
- lateral: glenoid fossa
What bones form the pectoral girdle? What are its purposes? ANSW ✔✔ -
sternum (manubrium), clavicle, scapulae
- serve to attach upper appendicular skeleton to axial skeleton; form base for
upper extremity movement
,Name the landmarks of the humerus. ANSW ✔✔ - head, anatomic neck,
surgical neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, intertubercular groove, deltoid
tuberosity, shaft, radial groove
Describe the sternoclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between
manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
- has an articular disc of fibrocartilage that improves joint congruency and
absorbs shock
- classified as a diarthrodial saddle joint (triaxial): elevation/depression,
protraction/retraction, upward/downward rotation
Describe the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - anterior
sternoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive retraction and elevation)
- posterior sternoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive protraction and
elevation)
- interclavicular ligament (prevents excessive retraction and depression)
- costoclavicular ligament (prevents excessive elevation)
Describe the movement of the clavicle during movements of the glenohumeral
joint. ANSW ✔✔ - abd. and flexion of GH: upward rotation of clavicle
- add. and extension of GH: downward rotation of clavicle
Describe the acromioclavicular joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between
acromion process of scapula and lateral end of clavicle
- plane, nonaxial synovial joint; allows for gliding motion; clavicle rotates as
scapula undergoes elevation and depression
- has an articular disc
, Describe the ligaments of the AC joint. ANSW ✔✔ - acromioclavicular
ligaments: superior and inferior thickenings of the joint capsule; holds AC joint
together
- conoid ligament / trapezoid ligament (both are coracoclavicular ligaments);
run from inferior aspect of clavicle (at landmarks) to coracoid process; prevent
excessive elevation of clavicle
- Coracoacromial ligament; coracoid process to acromion process; odd because
it connects the same bone; forms the roof of the coracoacromial arch that
provides stability on superior aspect of GH joint (prevents superior translation
of humerus)
Describe the glenohumeral joint. ANSW ✔✔ - articulation between the head
of the humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula
- multi-axial ball and socket joint (sacrifices stability for great mobility)
What is the glenoid labrum and what is its function? ANSW ✔✔ -
fibrocartilaginous rim around perimeter of glenoid cavity that deepens the
socket so more of the humeral head can fit in it
- this is necessary because only 1/3 of the humeral head can fit into the glenoid
cavity
Describe the motions of the GH joint. ANSW ✔✔ - flexion/extension (sagittal)
- abd./add. (frontal)
- internal (medial)/external (lateral) rotation (transverse)
- horizontal abd./horizontal add. (reaching across chest)
- circumduction
Describe the joint capsule of the GH joint. ANSW ✔✔ Anterior: 3 distinct
thickenings: superior glenohumeral ligament, middle GHL, inferior GHL; run
from glenoid to anatomical neck; prevent humerus from displacing anteriorly
