Nu 308- Fluid and Electrolytes UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

Nu 308- Fluid and Electrolytes UPDATED
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
why are children more vulnerable to fluid alterations in the body - CORRECT ANSWER -
-(^) BSA
-(^) metabolic rate
-immature kidneys if under 2 yo
- high fluid in extracellular compartment


how does the metabolic rate affect fluid balance - CORRECT ANSWER - -produces more
waste products
-increases body heat
-more waste products require more water to excrete them


immature kidneys under 2 yo - CORRECT ANSWER - -less able to handle solute free
water (tap water)
> high r/f water intoxication
-difficult to concentrate and dilute urine


what causes a child to have increased fluid requirements - CORRECT ANSWER - -fever
-vomit / diarrhea
-Diabetes insipitus
-burns
-shock
-tachypnea
-phototherapy


what causes a child to have reduced fluid requirements - CORRECT ANSWER - -HF
-SAIDH

, -post op
-renal failure
-(^) ICP


why would you need less fluid post op - CORRECT ANSWER - body compensates and
secretes more ADH


what counts as fluids intake - CORRECT ANSWER - -fluids (or fluid at room temp)
-some foods
-metabolism byproducts


what counts as fluid output - CORRECT ANSWER - -urine
-feces
-exhalation
-sweat


abnormal fluid losses - CORRECT ANSWER - -emesis
-NG drainage
-wound drainage
-diarrhea/ileostomy drainage


if intake and output dont match - CORRECT ANSWER - dehydration or fluid overload
with edema


MG losses can cause - CORRECT ANSWER - -hyponatremia and fluid shifts do
hypotonicity
-also takes out K and acid