HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Which of the following cells plays an active role in collagen deposition during wound
contraction and scar tissue formation?
A) Mast cell
B) Macrophage
C) Fibroblast
D) Osteocyte - Answer ✓✓c
If the surface barriers such as the skin or mucus membranes are breached, the second line of
defense in innate immunity is the:
A) lymph node.
B) lymphocyte response.
C) inflammatory response.
D) memory cells. - Answer ✓✓c
A+ 1
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
If a person has innate resistance to a disease, the person has _____ immunity.
A) natural
B) native
C) active acquired
D) passive - Answer ✓✓a
A child fell off the swing and scraped her knee. The injured area becomes red and painful.
Which of the following would also occur?
A) Vasoconstriction
B) Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C) Fluid movement from tissue to vessels
D) Edema at injured site - Answer ✓✓d
The mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through
the process of:
A) cytokinesis.
B) endocytosis.
C) degranulation.
D) hemolysis. - Answer ✓✓c
A 13-year-old female fell on her knee while skating. The area became inflamed and sore to
touch. Which of the following would result from activation of the plasma system secondary to
her injury?
A) Mast cell degranulation
B) Release of cellular products
A+ 2
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
C) Cellular infiltration
D) Pathogenic invasion - Answer ✓✓c
A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with lobar pneumonia (lung infection). Which of the
following exudates would be present in highest concentration at the site of this advanced
inflammatory response?
A) Serous
B) Purulent
C) Hemorrhagic
D) Fibrinous - Answer ✓✓d
In contrast with the inflammatory response, the immune response:
A) is more effective at fighting microorganisms.
B) is faster.
C) recognizes specific invaders.
D) has no memory. - Answer ✓✓c
The primary cell of immunity is the:
A) mast cell.
B) macrophage.
C) neutrophil.
D) lymphocyte. - Answer ✓✓d
Humoral immunity is generated through the process of:
A+ 3
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
A) direct cell lysis.
B) stimulating an inflammatory response.
C) producing antibodies.
D) secreting toxic molecules. - Answer ✓✓c
If a person has resistance to a disease from natural exposure to an antigen, the person has
which form of immunity?
A) Natural
B) Innate
C) Passive acquired
D) Active naturally acquired - Answer ✓✓d
Molecules that are capable of inducing an immune response are called:
A) lymphocytes.
B) haptens.
C) antigens.
D) antibodies. - Answer ✓✓c
Which of the following is an example of an endogenous antigen?
A) Poison ivy
B) Injected medications
C) Pollen
D) The body's own tissue - Answer ✓✓d
A+ 4
FINAL EXAM
HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
Which of the following cells plays an active role in collagen deposition during wound
contraction and scar tissue formation?
A) Mast cell
B) Macrophage
C) Fibroblast
D) Osteocyte - Answer ✓✓c
If the surface barriers such as the skin or mucus membranes are breached, the second line of
defense in innate immunity is the:
A) lymph node.
B) lymphocyte response.
C) inflammatory response.
D) memory cells. - Answer ✓✓c
A+ 1
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
If a person has innate resistance to a disease, the person has _____ immunity.
A) natural
B) native
C) active acquired
D) passive - Answer ✓✓a
A child fell off the swing and scraped her knee. The injured area becomes red and painful.
Which of the following would also occur?
A) Vasoconstriction
B) Decreased RBC concentration at injured site
C) Fluid movement from tissue to vessels
D) Edema at injured site - Answer ✓✓d
The mast cell, a major activator of inflammation, initiates the inflammatory response through
the process of:
A) cytokinesis.
B) endocytosis.
C) degranulation.
D) hemolysis. - Answer ✓✓c
A 13-year-old female fell on her knee while skating. The area became inflamed and sore to
touch. Which of the following would result from activation of the plasma system secondary to
her injury?
A) Mast cell degranulation
B) Release of cellular products
A+ 2
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
C) Cellular infiltration
D) Pathogenic invasion - Answer ✓✓c
A 35-year-old male is diagnosed with lobar pneumonia (lung infection). Which of the
following exudates would be present in highest concentration at the site of this advanced
inflammatory response?
A) Serous
B) Purulent
C) Hemorrhagic
D) Fibrinous - Answer ✓✓d
In contrast with the inflammatory response, the immune response:
A) is more effective at fighting microorganisms.
B) is faster.
C) recognizes specific invaders.
D) has no memory. - Answer ✓✓c
The primary cell of immunity is the:
A) mast cell.
B) macrophage.
C) neutrophil.
D) lymphocyte. - Answer ✓✓d
Humoral immunity is generated through the process of:
A+ 3
, HESI ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL EXAM
A) direct cell lysis.
B) stimulating an inflammatory response.
C) producing antibodies.
D) secreting toxic molecules. - Answer ✓✓c
If a person has resistance to a disease from natural exposure to an antigen, the person has
which form of immunity?
A) Natural
B) Innate
C) Passive acquired
D) Active naturally acquired - Answer ✓✓d
Molecules that are capable of inducing an immune response are called:
A) lymphocytes.
B) haptens.
C) antigens.
D) antibodies. - Answer ✓✓c
Which of the following is an example of an endogenous antigen?
A) Poison ivy
B) Injected medications
C) Pollen
D) The body's own tissue - Answer ✓✓d
A+ 4
