ABGD EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which of the following represents the most likely location of a second MB canal when
accessing a maxillary first molar?
A. The canal orifice is generally located slightly buccal to or directly on a line between the
primary MB canal and distal orifices.
B. The canal orifice is generally located directly distal to the MB canal orifice.
C. The canal orifice is generally located mesial to or directly on a line between the primary MB
canal and palatal orifices.
D. The canal orifice is generally located equidistant between all three canals in the central
pulpal floor. - ANSWER-C. The canal orifice is generally located mesial to or directly on a line
between the primary MB canal and palatal orifices.
All of the following may be indicative of multiple canals in a maxillary second premolar,
EXCEPT
a. Sharp change in canal density - "fast break"
b. Canal is well centered in root
c. Root outline unclear
d. Root has unusual contour
e. Root differs from expected appearance - ANSWER-b. Canal is well centered in root
All of the following are true concerning the canal configuration of mandibular incisors,
EXCEPT?
A. One canal/one foramen 58.6%
B. Two canals present 41.4%
C. With two canals present - Weine Type II 40.1%
D. With two canals present - Weine Type III 40.1%
E. With two canals present - Weine Type III 1.3% - ANSWER-D. With two canals present -
Weine Type III 40.1%
What antibiotics are commonly used as a scaffold for pulpal revascularization of an immature
necrotic permanent tooth?
A. Cipro
B. Metronidazole
C. Ceflor
D. All the above - ANSWER-D. All the above
What is the major component of gutta percha obturation material?
A. Gutta-Percha
B. Zinc Oxide
C. Heavy Metal Salts
D. Waxes - ANSWER-B. Zinc Oxide
,Zinc Oxide comprises of 59-79% of the gutta percha. Gutta percha itself comprises of 19-20%
and the rest are heavy metal salts (1-17%) and waxes or resins (1-4%).
Which of the following is NOT a solvent used in removing gutta percha in endodontic
retreatment?
a. Chloroform and methylchloroform
b. Eucalyptol
c. Tetrachloroethylene (EndoSolv-E)
d. Ethylene Chloride
e. Rectified turpentine - ANSWER-d. Ethylene Chloride
With a Cvek pulpotomy, a one to two millimeter deep cavity is prepared into the pulp with a
slow speed bur. The material in the pulpal cavity and all dentinal tubules are covered by
calcium hydroxide.
A. Both statements are true.
B. The first statement is true and the second statement is false.
C. The first statement is false and the second statement is true.
D. Both statements are false. - ANSWER-C. The first statement is false and the second
statement is true.
A 9 yo presents to your office with fractured crowns #8 and 9, due to an elbow to the mouth
while wrestling with his brother about an hour ago. He is suffering a pain scale of 7/10 when
he smiles, drinks or tries to talk. Radiographic and clinical exam reveal exposed pulps and
immature apices on both teeth. What is your treatment of choice for the best prognosis?
A. Immediate extraction and implants #8 and 9.
B. Direct pulp cap with calcium hydroxide with composite restorations
C. Cvek or partial pulpotomy with composite restorations.
D. Pulpectomy to alleviate pain today and NSCRT #8 and 9 at the next appointment. -
ANSWER-C. Cvek or partial pulpotomy with composite restorations.
A differential diagnosis for failure of a NSRCT include all of the following except?
A. perforation
B. root canal missed
C. periodontal disease
D. split tooth
E. having a proper apical seal - ANSWER-E. having a proper apical seal
What is the most consistently reported organism found in failed endodontic procedures?
a. Streptoccocus mutans
b. Enterococcus faecalis
c. Propionibacterium
d. Actinomycoses - ANSWER-b. Enterococcus faecalis
The most common cause of vertical root fractures may be:
,A. occlusal prematurities
B. parafunctional activities
C. physical trauma
D. iatrogenic dentistry - ANSWER-D. iatrogenic dentistry
Which of the following does not regulate/effect the setting of zinc oxide eugenol cements?
A. Particle size of the zinc oxide
B. pH
C. Presence of Ca(OH)2 remaining in the canal
D. Presence of water
E. Remnants of pulpal tissues - ANSWER-E. Remnants of pulpal tissues
Which of the following is not a suggested use for the material MTA?
a. Pulp capping
b. Non surgical apical closure
c. Perforation repair
d. Obturation of accessory canals
e. Surgical root-end filling - ANSWER-d. Obturation of accessory canals
Cvek has shown that with pulp exposures:
a. it doesn't matter whether the exposure is traumatic or carious, the amount of pulp that is
removed is the same
b. in an traumatic injury, only a few millimeters of pulp tissue needs to be removed, regardless
of lapsed time or the size of the exposure
c. the instrument of choice for tissue removal is a round carbide bur, using a high-speed
handpiece and adequate water cooling
d. the instrument of choice for tissue removal is a round carbide bur, using a slow-speed
handpiece and progressing slowly, as to not remove unnecessary healthy pulp tissue -
ANSWER-b. in an traumatic injury, only a few millimeters of pulp tissue needs to be removed,
regardless of lapsed time or the size of the exposure
Which of the following represents the correct technique when performing a Cvek pulpotomy?
A. Coronal pulp tissue should be removed to the level of the canal orifice(s).
B. The most superficial 1mm of coronal pulp only should be excavated.
C. A pulp cap only is performed with either calcium hydroxide or MTA, as no attempt should
be made to remove any coronal pulp tissue.
D. A 1- to 2-mm deep cavity is prepared into the coronal pulp tissue, and extended deeper as
necessary to achieve appropriate hemostasis. - ANSWER-D. A 1- to 2-mm deep cavity is
prepared into the coronal pulp tissue, and extended deeper as necessary to achieve
appropriate hemostasis.
NiTi wires have the following properties except:
A. Superelasticity
B. Can exist in more than one crystal structure
, C. Poor shape memory
D. Shape memory - ANSWER-C. Poor shape memory
In regards to orthodontic wires, which of the following are true?
A. Doubling the diameter leads to 8 times the strength
B. Doubling the diameter leads to 1/16 the springiness
C. Doubling the diameter leads to half the range
D. Doubling the length leads to 4x the range
E. Greater titanium content leads to increased friction due to surface reactivity
F. All the above are true - ANSWER-F. All the above are true
Which is true regarding a pulpotomy in permanent teeth and in primary teeth?
A. The calcium hydroxide pulpotomy technique is recommended in the treatment of permanent
teeth with carious pulp exposure
B. Formocresol is the medicament of choice for a pulpotomy in permanent teeth
C. Pulpotomy technique for primary teeth involves only partial removal of the pulp chamber
D. If there is evidence of hyperemia after the removal of the coronal pulp, formocresol should
be placed directly on the pulp stump for hemorrhage control - ANSWER-A. The calcium
hydroxide pulpotomy technique is recommended in the treatment of permanent teeth with
carious pulp exposure
Which of the following is true about the actions of a formocresol pulpotomy
A. Formocresol pulpotomies do not produce dentinal bridging
B. Formocresol pulpotomies contain four zones of fixation.
C. Formocresol pulpotomies are initiated when the inflammation has spread into the tissues
within the root canal.
D. All of the above are true - ANSWER-A. Formocresol pulpotomies do not produce dentinal
bridging
A 3 year old patient has gross decay & early childhood caries in #K and you have to extract it,
which appliance would be best to maintain the space?
A. distal shoe
B. lip bumper
C. nance appliance
D. lower lingual holding arch - ANSWER-A. distal shoe
Which of the following two classes of medications should be avoided for anxiolysis in patients
with asthma?
A. benzodiazepines
B. barbiturates
C. anti psychotics
D. narcotics - ANSWER-B. barbiturates
D. narcotics
What should a practitioner be aware of and treat when uprighting a molar?
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which of the following represents the most likely location of a second MB canal when
accessing a maxillary first molar?
A. The canal orifice is generally located slightly buccal to or directly on a line between the
primary MB canal and distal orifices.
B. The canal orifice is generally located directly distal to the MB canal orifice.
C. The canal orifice is generally located mesial to or directly on a line between the primary MB
canal and palatal orifices.
D. The canal orifice is generally located equidistant between all three canals in the central
pulpal floor. - ANSWER-C. The canal orifice is generally located mesial to or directly on a line
between the primary MB canal and palatal orifices.
All of the following may be indicative of multiple canals in a maxillary second premolar,
EXCEPT
a. Sharp change in canal density - "fast break"
b. Canal is well centered in root
c. Root outline unclear
d. Root has unusual contour
e. Root differs from expected appearance - ANSWER-b. Canal is well centered in root
All of the following are true concerning the canal configuration of mandibular incisors,
EXCEPT?
A. One canal/one foramen 58.6%
B. Two canals present 41.4%
C. With two canals present - Weine Type II 40.1%
D. With two canals present - Weine Type III 40.1%
E. With two canals present - Weine Type III 1.3% - ANSWER-D. With two canals present -
Weine Type III 40.1%
What antibiotics are commonly used as a scaffold for pulpal revascularization of an immature
necrotic permanent tooth?
A. Cipro
B. Metronidazole
C. Ceflor
D. All the above - ANSWER-D. All the above
What is the major component of gutta percha obturation material?
A. Gutta-Percha
B. Zinc Oxide
C. Heavy Metal Salts
D. Waxes - ANSWER-B. Zinc Oxide
,Zinc Oxide comprises of 59-79% of the gutta percha. Gutta percha itself comprises of 19-20%
and the rest are heavy metal salts (1-17%) and waxes or resins (1-4%).
Which of the following is NOT a solvent used in removing gutta percha in endodontic
retreatment?
a. Chloroform and methylchloroform
b. Eucalyptol
c. Tetrachloroethylene (EndoSolv-E)
d. Ethylene Chloride
e. Rectified turpentine - ANSWER-d. Ethylene Chloride
With a Cvek pulpotomy, a one to two millimeter deep cavity is prepared into the pulp with a
slow speed bur. The material in the pulpal cavity and all dentinal tubules are covered by
calcium hydroxide.
A. Both statements are true.
B. The first statement is true and the second statement is false.
C. The first statement is false and the second statement is true.
D. Both statements are false. - ANSWER-C. The first statement is false and the second
statement is true.
A 9 yo presents to your office with fractured crowns #8 and 9, due to an elbow to the mouth
while wrestling with his brother about an hour ago. He is suffering a pain scale of 7/10 when
he smiles, drinks or tries to talk. Radiographic and clinical exam reveal exposed pulps and
immature apices on both teeth. What is your treatment of choice for the best prognosis?
A. Immediate extraction and implants #8 and 9.
B. Direct pulp cap with calcium hydroxide with composite restorations
C. Cvek or partial pulpotomy with composite restorations.
D. Pulpectomy to alleviate pain today and NSCRT #8 and 9 at the next appointment. -
ANSWER-C. Cvek or partial pulpotomy with composite restorations.
A differential diagnosis for failure of a NSRCT include all of the following except?
A. perforation
B. root canal missed
C. periodontal disease
D. split tooth
E. having a proper apical seal - ANSWER-E. having a proper apical seal
What is the most consistently reported organism found in failed endodontic procedures?
a. Streptoccocus mutans
b. Enterococcus faecalis
c. Propionibacterium
d. Actinomycoses - ANSWER-b. Enterococcus faecalis
The most common cause of vertical root fractures may be:
,A. occlusal prematurities
B. parafunctional activities
C. physical trauma
D. iatrogenic dentistry - ANSWER-D. iatrogenic dentistry
Which of the following does not regulate/effect the setting of zinc oxide eugenol cements?
A. Particle size of the zinc oxide
B. pH
C. Presence of Ca(OH)2 remaining in the canal
D. Presence of water
E. Remnants of pulpal tissues - ANSWER-E. Remnants of pulpal tissues
Which of the following is not a suggested use for the material MTA?
a. Pulp capping
b. Non surgical apical closure
c. Perforation repair
d. Obturation of accessory canals
e. Surgical root-end filling - ANSWER-d. Obturation of accessory canals
Cvek has shown that with pulp exposures:
a. it doesn't matter whether the exposure is traumatic or carious, the amount of pulp that is
removed is the same
b. in an traumatic injury, only a few millimeters of pulp tissue needs to be removed, regardless
of lapsed time or the size of the exposure
c. the instrument of choice for tissue removal is a round carbide bur, using a high-speed
handpiece and adequate water cooling
d. the instrument of choice for tissue removal is a round carbide bur, using a slow-speed
handpiece and progressing slowly, as to not remove unnecessary healthy pulp tissue -
ANSWER-b. in an traumatic injury, only a few millimeters of pulp tissue needs to be removed,
regardless of lapsed time or the size of the exposure
Which of the following represents the correct technique when performing a Cvek pulpotomy?
A. Coronal pulp tissue should be removed to the level of the canal orifice(s).
B. The most superficial 1mm of coronal pulp only should be excavated.
C. A pulp cap only is performed with either calcium hydroxide or MTA, as no attempt should
be made to remove any coronal pulp tissue.
D. A 1- to 2-mm deep cavity is prepared into the coronal pulp tissue, and extended deeper as
necessary to achieve appropriate hemostasis. - ANSWER-D. A 1- to 2-mm deep cavity is
prepared into the coronal pulp tissue, and extended deeper as necessary to achieve
appropriate hemostasis.
NiTi wires have the following properties except:
A. Superelasticity
B. Can exist in more than one crystal structure
, C. Poor shape memory
D. Shape memory - ANSWER-C. Poor shape memory
In regards to orthodontic wires, which of the following are true?
A. Doubling the diameter leads to 8 times the strength
B. Doubling the diameter leads to 1/16 the springiness
C. Doubling the diameter leads to half the range
D. Doubling the length leads to 4x the range
E. Greater titanium content leads to increased friction due to surface reactivity
F. All the above are true - ANSWER-F. All the above are true
Which is true regarding a pulpotomy in permanent teeth and in primary teeth?
A. The calcium hydroxide pulpotomy technique is recommended in the treatment of permanent
teeth with carious pulp exposure
B. Formocresol is the medicament of choice for a pulpotomy in permanent teeth
C. Pulpotomy technique for primary teeth involves only partial removal of the pulp chamber
D. If there is evidence of hyperemia after the removal of the coronal pulp, formocresol should
be placed directly on the pulp stump for hemorrhage control - ANSWER-A. The calcium
hydroxide pulpotomy technique is recommended in the treatment of permanent teeth with
carious pulp exposure
Which of the following is true about the actions of a formocresol pulpotomy
A. Formocresol pulpotomies do not produce dentinal bridging
B. Formocresol pulpotomies contain four zones of fixation.
C. Formocresol pulpotomies are initiated when the inflammation has spread into the tissues
within the root canal.
D. All of the above are true - ANSWER-A. Formocresol pulpotomies do not produce dentinal
bridging
A 3 year old patient has gross decay & early childhood caries in #K and you have to extract it,
which appliance would be best to maintain the space?
A. distal shoe
B. lip bumper
C. nance appliance
D. lower lingual holding arch - ANSWER-A. distal shoe
Which of the following two classes of medications should be avoided for anxiolysis in patients
with asthma?
A. benzodiazepines
B. barbiturates
C. anti psychotics
D. narcotics - ANSWER-B. barbiturates
D. narcotics
What should a practitioner be aware of and treat when uprighting a molar?
