NURS 5315 GI EXAM WITH
CORRECTQUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
Upper GI organs - CORRECT-ANSWERSmouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum
Lower GI organs - CORRECT-ANSWERSsmall intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
Hepatoportal circulation - CORRECT-ANSWERShepatic artery receives oxygenated
blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein
receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein and splenic
vein and delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the intestinal system
Osmotic diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSCaused by the presence of a nonabsorbable
substance in the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen and
results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax work.
Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube feedings, dumping
syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile salt deficiency, small
intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease
, Secretory diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSResults in large volume losses secondary to
infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
Motility diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSAKA short bowel syndrome. Results from
resection of small intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic
neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common
in malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance,
metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption.
Upper GI bleed - CORRECT-ANSWERSbleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach
or duodenum commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss
tear(tearing of esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or coffee
ground emesis.
Lower GI bleed - CORRECT-ANSWERSBleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum
from inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids. Hematochezia, or
the presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest a lower GI bleed usually in the
rectum, sigmoid colon or descending colon
CORRECTQUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
Upper GI organs - CORRECT-ANSWERSmouth,pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and
duodenum
Lower GI organs - CORRECT-ANSWERSsmall intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus
Hepatoportal circulation - CORRECT-ANSWERShepatic artery receives oxygenated
blood from the inferior mesenteric, gastric, and cystic veins. The hepatic portal vein
receives deoxygenated blood from the inferior and superior mesenteric vein and splenic
vein and delivers nutrients that have been absorbed from the intestinal system
Osmotic diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSCaused by the presence of a nonabsorbable
substance in the intestines. This pulls water by osmosis into the intestinal lumen and
results in large volume diarrhea. This is how mag citrate, lactulose and miralax work.
Causes include: excessive ingestion of nonabsorbable sugars, tube feedings, dumping
syndrome, malabsorption, pancreatic enzyme deficiency, bile salt deficiency, small
intestine bacterial overgrowth or celiac disease
, Secretory diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSResults in large volume losses secondary to
infectious causes such as rotavirus, bacterial enterotoxins, or c-diff.
Motility diarrhea - CORRECT-ANSWERSAKA short bowel syndrome. Results from
resection of small intestine or surgical bypass of small intestine, IBS, diabetic
neuropathy, hyperthyroidism, and laxative abuse. Fatty stools and bloating are common
in malabsorption syndrome. Complications include: dehydration, electrolyte imbalance,
metabolic acidosis, weight loss and malabsorption.
Upper GI bleed - CORRECT-ANSWERSbleeding that occurs in the esophagus, stomach
or duodenum commonly caused by bleeding varices, peptic ulcers or Mallory-Weiss
tear(tearing of esophagus from stomach) Characterized by frank, bright red or coffee
ground emesis.
Lower GI bleed - CORRECT-ANSWERSBleeding in the jejunum, ileum, colon or rectum
from inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, diverticula or hemorrhoids. Hematochezia, or
the presence of bright red blood in the stools, suggest a lower GI bleed usually in the
rectum, sigmoid colon or descending colon
