2310 Exam 1 Questions And Correct A
The cnurse cinstructs ca cpatient cwith ctype c1 cdiabetes cmellitus cto cavoid cwhich cof cthe cfollowing cd
a.
Furosemide c(Lasix)
b.
Dicumarol c(Bishydroxycoumarin)
c.
Reserpine c(Serpasil)
d.
Cimetidine c(Tagamet) c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA
Furosemide cis ca cloop cdiuretic cand ccan cincrease cserum cglucose clevels; cits cuse cis ccontraindica
canticoagulant; creserpine, can canti-hypertensive; cand ccimetidine, can cH2 creceptor cantagonist, cdo
clevels.
When ca cdiabetic cpatient casks cabout cmaintaining cadequate cblood cglucose clevels, cwhich cof cthe
cnurse crelates cmost cdirectly cto cthe cnecessity cof cmaintaining cblood cglucose clevels cno clower cth
a.
"Glucose cis cthe conly ctype cof cfuel cused cby cbody ccells cto cproduce cthe cenergy cneeded cfor cphys
b.
"The ccentral cnervous csystem ccannot cstore cglucose cand cneeds ca ccontinuous csupply cof cglucos
c.
"Without ca cminimum clevel cof cglucose ccirculating cin cthe cblood, cerythrocytes ccannot cproduce cA
d.
"The cpresence cof cglucose cin cthe cblood ccounteracts cthe cformation cof clactic cacid cand cprevents
cANS✔✔ANS: cB
The cbrain ccannot csynthesize cor cstore csignificant camounts cof cglucose; cthus ca ccontinuous csupp
cis cneeded cto cmeet cthe cfuel cdemands cof cthe ccentral cnervous csystem.
The cnurse cassociates cwhich cassessment cfinding cin cthe cdiabetic cpatient cwith cdecreasing crenal
a.
Ketone cbodies cin cthe curine cduring cacidosis
b.
Glucose cin cthe curine cduring chyperglycemia
c.
Protein cin cthe curine cduring ca crandom curinalysis
d.
White cblood ccells cin cthe curine cduring ca crandom curinalysis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Urine cshould cnot ccontain cprotein. cProteinuria cin ca cdiabetic cheralds cthe cbeginning cof crenal cinsu
cnephropathy cwith csubsequent cprogression cto cend cstage crenal cdisease. cChronic celevated cbloo
crenal chypertension cand cexcess ckidney cperfusion cwith cleakage cfrom cthe crenal cvasculature. cTh
cfiltered cinto cthe curine.
What cis cthe cnurse's cbest cresponse cabout cdeveloping cdiabetes cto cthe cpatient cwhose cfather cha
,Middle-aged cNative cAmerican cwoman c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
The chighest cincidence cof cdiabetes cin cthe cUnited cStates coccurs cin cNative cAmericans. cWith cag
cincreases cin call craces cand cethnic cgroups.
A cdiabetic cpatient cis cbrought cinto cthe cemergency cdepartment cunresponsive. cThe carterial cpH cis
cwhich cclinical cmanifestation cis cseen cin cuncontrolled cdiabetes cmellitus cand cketoacidosis?
a.
Decreased chunger csensation
b.
Report cof cno curine coutput
c.
Increased crespiratory crate
d.
Decreased cthirst c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Ketoacidosis cdecreases cthe cpH cof cthe cblood, cstimulating cthe crespiratory ccontrol carea cof cthe cb
cthe cincreasing cacidosis. cThe crate cand cdepth cof crespirations care cincreased c(Kussmaul's crespir
cby cexhalation. cUsually cpolydipsia c(increased cthirst), cpolyphagia c(increased chunger), cand cpolyu
care cseen cwith chyperglycemia cand cketoacidosis.
Which cof cthe cfollowing cwould cbe cincluded cin cthe cassessment cof ca cpatient cwith cdiabetes cmelli
chypoglycemic creaction? c(Select call cthat capply.)
a.
Tremors
b.
Nervousness
c.
Extreme cthirst
d.
Flushed cskin
e.
Profuse cperspiration
f.
Constricted cpupils c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA, cB, cE
When chypoglycemia coccurs, cblood cglucose clevels cfall, cresulting cin csympathetic cnervous csystem
cnervousness, cand cprofuse cperspiration. cDilated cpupils cwould calso coccur, cnot cconstricted cpupil
cand cconstricted cpupils care cconsistent cwith chyperglycemia.
A c22-year-old cpatient cis cbeing cseen cin cthe cclinic cwith cincreased csecretion cof cthe canterior cpitu
cwould cexpect cthe claboratory cresults cto cshow
a.
increased curinary ccortisol.
b.
decreased cserum cthyroxine.
c.
elevated cserum caldosterone clevels.
d.
low curinary ccatecholamines cexcretion. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA
Increased csecretion cof cadrenocorticotropic chormone c(ACTH) cby cthe canterior cpituitary cgland cwil
cserum cand curinary ccortisol clevels. cAn cincrease, crather cthan ca cdecrease, cin cthyroxine clevel cwo
cincreased csecretion cof cthyroid cstimulating chormone c(TSH) cby cthe canterior cpituitary. cAldosteron
care cnot ccontrolled cby cthe canterior cpituitary.
Which cstatement cby ca c50-year-old cfemale cpatient cindicates cto cthe cnurse cthat cfurther cassessm
cnecessary?
a.
,Adrenocorticotropic chormone clevel c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
Elevated clevels cof cantidiuretic chormone cwill ccause cwater cretention cand cdecrease cserum csodiu
cwould cnot cbe chelpful cin cdetermining cpossible ccauses cof cthe cpatient's chyponatremia.
Which cquestion cwill cprovide cthe cmost cuseful cinformation cto ca cnurse cwho cis cinterviewing ca cpa
cdisorder?
a.
"What cmethods cdo cyou cuse cto chelp ccope cwith cstress?"
b.
"Have cyou cexperienced cany cblurring cor cdouble cvision?"
c.
"Have cyou chad ca crecent cunplanned cweight cgain cor closs?"
d.
"Do cyou chave cto cget cup cat cnight cto cempty cyour cbladder?" c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Because cthyroid cfunction caffects cmetabolic crate, cchanges cin cweight cmay cindicate chyperfunction
cthyroid cgland. cNocturia, cvisual cdifficulty, cand cchanges cin cstress clevel care cassociated cwith coth
A c29-year-old cpatient cin cthe coutpatient cclinic cwill cbe cscheduled cfor cblood ccortisol ctesting. cWhic
cprovide?
a.
"Avoid cadding cany csalt cto cyour cfoods cfor c24 chours cbefore cthe ctest."
b.
"You cwill cneed cto clie cdown cfor c30 cminutes cbefore cthe cblood cis cdrawn."
c.
"Come cto cthe claboratory cto chave cthe cblood cdrawn cearly cin cthe cmorning."
d.
"Do cnot chave canything cto ceat cor cdrink cbefore cthe cblood ctest cis cobtained." c- cCORRECT cANS✔
Cortisol clevels care cusually cdrawn cin cthe cmorning, cwhen clevels care chighest. cThe cother cinstruct
cpatients cwho cwere chaving cother cendocrine ctesting.
A c61-year-old cfemale cpatient cadmitted cwith cpneumonia chas ca ctotal cserum ccalcium clevel cof c13
cnurse cwill canticipate cthe cneed cto cteach cthe cpatient cabout ctesting cfor c_____ clevels.
a.
calcitonin
b.
catecholamine
c.
thyroid chormone
d.
parathyroid chormone c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
Parathyroid chormone cis cthe cmajor ccontroller cof cblood ccalcium clevels. cAlthough ccalcitonin csecre
cto cparathyroid chormone, cit cdoes cnot cplay ca cmajor crole cin ccalcium cbalance. cCatecholamine can
cnot caffect cserum ccalcium clevel.
During cthe cphysical cexamination cof ca c36-year-old cfemale, cthe cnurse cfinds cthat cthe cpatient's cth
cpalpated. cThe cmost cappropriate caction cby cthe cnurse cis cto
a.
palpate cthe cpatient's cneck cmore cdeeply.
b.
document cthat cthe cthyroid cwas cnonpalpable.
c.
notify cthe chealth ccare cprovider cimmediately.
d.
teach cthe cpatient cabout cthyroid chormone ctesting. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
The cthyroid cis cfrequently cnonpalpable. cThe cnurse cshould csimply cdocument cthe cfinding. cThere
, b.
glucose clevels c2 chours cafter ca cmeal.
c.
glucose ccontrol cover cthe cpast c90 cdays.
d.
hypoglycemic cepisodes cin cthe cpast c3 cmonths. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Glycosylated chemoglobin ctesting cmeasures cglucose ccontrol cover cthe clast c3 cmonths. cGlucose c
crandom ctesting cmay creveal cimpaired cglucose ctolerance cand cindicate cprediabetes, cbut cit cis cno
calready chave ca cdiagnosis cof cdiabetes. cThere cis cno ctest cto cevaluate cfor chypoglycemic cepisode
A c60-year-old cpatient cis ctaking cspironolactone c(Aldactone), ca cdrug cthat cblocks cthe caction cof ca
chypertension. cThe cnurse cwill cmonitor cfor
a.
increased cserum csodium.
b.
decreased curinary coutput.
c.
elevated cserum cpotassium.
d.
evidence cof cfluid coverload. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Because caldosterone cincreases cthe cexcretion cof cpotassium, ca cmedication cthat cblocks caldoster
chyperkalemia. cAldosterone calso cpromotes cthe creabsorption cof csodium cand cwater cin cthe crenal
cwill ctend cto ccause cincreased curine coutput, ca cdecreased cor cnormal cserum csodium clevel, cand c
A c40-year-old cmale cpatient chas cbeen cnewly cdiagnosed cwith ctype c2 cdiabetes cmellitus. cWhich c
cwill cbe cmost cuseful cto cthe cnurse cwho cis chelping cthe cpatient cdevelop cstrategies cfor csuccessfu
a.
Ideal cweight
b.
Value csystem
c.
Activity clevel
d.
Visual cchanges c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
When cdealing cwith ca cpatient cwith ca cchronic ccondition csuch cas cdiabetes, cidentification cof cthe cp
ccan cassist cthe chealth ccare cteam cin cchoosing cstrategies cfor csuccessful clifestyle cchange. cThe c
cuseful, cbut cis cnot cas cimportant cin cdeveloping can cindividualized cplan cfor cthe cnecessary clifestyl
An c18-year-old cmale cpatient cwith ca csmall cstature cis cscheduled cfor ca cgrowth chormone cstimulat
cthe ctest, cthe cnurse cwill cobtain
a.
ice cin ca cbasin.
b.
glargine cinsulin.
c.
a ccardiac cmonitor.
d.
50% cdextrose csolution. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
Hypoglycemia cis cinduced cduring cthe cgrowth chormone cstimulation ctest, cand cthe cnurse cshould cb
cdextrose cimmediately. cRegular cinsulin cis cused cto cinduce chypoglycemia c(glargine cis cnever cgive
crequire ccardiac cmonitoring cduring cthe ctest. cAlthough cblood csamples cfor csome ctests cmust cbe c
cfor cthe cgrowth chormone cstimulation ctest.
The cnurse cwill cteach ca cpatient cto cplan cto cminimize cphysical cand cemotional cstress cwhile cthe cp
a.
The cnurse cinstructs ca cpatient cwith ctype c1 cdiabetes cmellitus cto cavoid cwhich cof cthe cfollowing cd
a.
Furosemide c(Lasix)
b.
Dicumarol c(Bishydroxycoumarin)
c.
Reserpine c(Serpasil)
d.
Cimetidine c(Tagamet) c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA
Furosemide cis ca cloop cdiuretic cand ccan cincrease cserum cglucose clevels; cits cuse cis ccontraindica
canticoagulant; creserpine, can canti-hypertensive; cand ccimetidine, can cH2 creceptor cantagonist, cdo
clevels.
When ca cdiabetic cpatient casks cabout cmaintaining cadequate cblood cglucose clevels, cwhich cof cthe
cnurse crelates cmost cdirectly cto cthe cnecessity cof cmaintaining cblood cglucose clevels cno clower cth
a.
"Glucose cis cthe conly ctype cof cfuel cused cby cbody ccells cto cproduce cthe cenergy cneeded cfor cphys
b.
"The ccentral cnervous csystem ccannot cstore cglucose cand cneeds ca ccontinuous csupply cof cglucos
c.
"Without ca cminimum clevel cof cglucose ccirculating cin cthe cblood, cerythrocytes ccannot cproduce cA
d.
"The cpresence cof cglucose cin cthe cblood ccounteracts cthe cformation cof clactic cacid cand cprevents
cANS✔✔ANS: cB
The cbrain ccannot csynthesize cor cstore csignificant camounts cof cglucose; cthus ca ccontinuous csupp
cis cneeded cto cmeet cthe cfuel cdemands cof cthe ccentral cnervous csystem.
The cnurse cassociates cwhich cassessment cfinding cin cthe cdiabetic cpatient cwith cdecreasing crenal
a.
Ketone cbodies cin cthe curine cduring cacidosis
b.
Glucose cin cthe curine cduring chyperglycemia
c.
Protein cin cthe curine cduring ca crandom curinalysis
d.
White cblood ccells cin cthe curine cduring ca crandom curinalysis c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Urine cshould cnot ccontain cprotein. cProteinuria cin ca cdiabetic cheralds cthe cbeginning cof crenal cinsu
cnephropathy cwith csubsequent cprogression cto cend cstage crenal cdisease. cChronic celevated cbloo
crenal chypertension cand cexcess ckidney cperfusion cwith cleakage cfrom cthe crenal cvasculature. cTh
cfiltered cinto cthe curine.
What cis cthe cnurse's cbest cresponse cabout cdeveloping cdiabetes cto cthe cpatient cwhose cfather cha
,Middle-aged cNative cAmerican cwoman c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
The chighest cincidence cof cdiabetes cin cthe cUnited cStates coccurs cin cNative cAmericans. cWith cag
cincreases cin call craces cand cethnic cgroups.
A cdiabetic cpatient cis cbrought cinto cthe cemergency cdepartment cunresponsive. cThe carterial cpH cis
cwhich cclinical cmanifestation cis cseen cin cuncontrolled cdiabetes cmellitus cand cketoacidosis?
a.
Decreased chunger csensation
b.
Report cof cno curine coutput
c.
Increased crespiratory crate
d.
Decreased cthirst c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Ketoacidosis cdecreases cthe cpH cof cthe cblood, cstimulating cthe crespiratory ccontrol carea cof cthe cb
cthe cincreasing cacidosis. cThe crate cand cdepth cof crespirations care cincreased c(Kussmaul's crespir
cby cexhalation. cUsually cpolydipsia c(increased cthirst), cpolyphagia c(increased chunger), cand cpolyu
care cseen cwith chyperglycemia cand cketoacidosis.
Which cof cthe cfollowing cwould cbe cincluded cin cthe cassessment cof ca cpatient cwith cdiabetes cmelli
chypoglycemic creaction? c(Select call cthat capply.)
a.
Tremors
b.
Nervousness
c.
Extreme cthirst
d.
Flushed cskin
e.
Profuse cperspiration
f.
Constricted cpupils c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA, cB, cE
When chypoglycemia coccurs, cblood cglucose clevels cfall, cresulting cin csympathetic cnervous csystem
cnervousness, cand cprofuse cperspiration. cDilated cpupils cwould calso coccur, cnot cconstricted cpupil
cand cconstricted cpupils care cconsistent cwith chyperglycemia.
A c22-year-old cpatient cis cbeing cseen cin cthe cclinic cwith cincreased csecretion cof cthe canterior cpitu
cwould cexpect cthe claboratory cresults cto cshow
a.
increased curinary ccortisol.
b.
decreased cserum cthyroxine.
c.
elevated cserum caldosterone clevels.
d.
low curinary ccatecholamines cexcretion. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cA
Increased csecretion cof cadrenocorticotropic chormone c(ACTH) cby cthe canterior cpituitary cgland cwil
cserum cand curinary ccortisol clevels. cAn cincrease, crather cthan ca cdecrease, cin cthyroxine clevel cwo
cincreased csecretion cof cthyroid cstimulating chormone c(TSH) cby cthe canterior cpituitary. cAldosteron
care cnot ccontrolled cby cthe canterior cpituitary.
Which cstatement cby ca c50-year-old cfemale cpatient cindicates cto cthe cnurse cthat cfurther cassessm
cnecessary?
a.
,Adrenocorticotropic chormone clevel c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
Elevated clevels cof cantidiuretic chormone cwill ccause cwater cretention cand cdecrease cserum csodiu
cwould cnot cbe chelpful cin cdetermining cpossible ccauses cof cthe cpatient's chyponatremia.
Which cquestion cwill cprovide cthe cmost cuseful cinformation cto ca cnurse cwho cis cinterviewing ca cpa
cdisorder?
a.
"What cmethods cdo cyou cuse cto chelp ccope cwith cstress?"
b.
"Have cyou cexperienced cany cblurring cor cdouble cvision?"
c.
"Have cyou chad ca crecent cunplanned cweight cgain cor closs?"
d.
"Do cyou chave cto cget cup cat cnight cto cempty cyour cbladder?" c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Because cthyroid cfunction caffects cmetabolic crate, cchanges cin cweight cmay cindicate chyperfunction
cthyroid cgland. cNocturia, cvisual cdifficulty, cand cchanges cin cstress clevel care cassociated cwith coth
A c29-year-old cpatient cin cthe coutpatient cclinic cwill cbe cscheduled cfor cblood ccortisol ctesting. cWhic
cprovide?
a.
"Avoid cadding cany csalt cto cyour cfoods cfor c24 chours cbefore cthe ctest."
b.
"You cwill cneed cto clie cdown cfor c30 cminutes cbefore cthe cblood cis cdrawn."
c.
"Come cto cthe claboratory cto chave cthe cblood cdrawn cearly cin cthe cmorning."
d.
"Do cnot chave canything cto ceat cor cdrink cbefore cthe cblood ctest cis cobtained." c- cCORRECT cANS✔
Cortisol clevels care cusually cdrawn cin cthe cmorning, cwhen clevels care chighest. cThe cother cinstruct
cpatients cwho cwere chaving cother cendocrine ctesting.
A c61-year-old cfemale cpatient cadmitted cwith cpneumonia chas ca ctotal cserum ccalcium clevel cof c13
cnurse cwill canticipate cthe cneed cto cteach cthe cpatient cabout ctesting cfor c_____ clevels.
a.
calcitonin
b.
catecholamine
c.
thyroid chormone
d.
parathyroid chormone c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
Parathyroid chormone cis cthe cmajor ccontroller cof cblood ccalcium clevels. cAlthough ccalcitonin csecre
cto cparathyroid chormone, cit cdoes cnot cplay ca cmajor crole cin ccalcium cbalance. cCatecholamine can
cnot caffect cserum ccalcium clevel.
During cthe cphysical cexamination cof ca c36-year-old cfemale, cthe cnurse cfinds cthat cthe cpatient's cth
cpalpated. cThe cmost cappropriate caction cby cthe cnurse cis cto
a.
palpate cthe cpatient's cneck cmore cdeeply.
b.
document cthat cthe cthyroid cwas cnonpalpable.
c.
notify cthe chealth ccare cprovider cimmediately.
d.
teach cthe cpatient cabout cthyroid chormone ctesting. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
The cthyroid cis cfrequently cnonpalpable. cThe cnurse cshould csimply cdocument cthe cfinding. cThere
, b.
glucose clevels c2 chours cafter ca cmeal.
c.
glucose ccontrol cover cthe cpast c90 cdays.
d.
hypoglycemic cepisodes cin cthe cpast c3 cmonths. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Glycosylated chemoglobin ctesting cmeasures cglucose ccontrol cover cthe clast c3 cmonths. cGlucose c
crandom ctesting cmay creveal cimpaired cglucose ctolerance cand cindicate cprediabetes, cbut cit cis cno
calready chave ca cdiagnosis cof cdiabetes. cThere cis cno ctest cto cevaluate cfor chypoglycemic cepisode
A c60-year-old cpatient cis ctaking cspironolactone c(Aldactone), ca cdrug cthat cblocks cthe caction cof ca
chypertension. cThe cnurse cwill cmonitor cfor
a.
increased cserum csodium.
b.
decreased curinary coutput.
c.
elevated cserum cpotassium.
d.
evidence cof cfluid coverload. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cC
Because caldosterone cincreases cthe cexcretion cof cpotassium, ca cmedication cthat cblocks caldoster
chyperkalemia. cAldosterone calso cpromotes cthe creabsorption cof csodium cand cwater cin cthe crenal
cwill ctend cto ccause cincreased curine coutput, ca cdecreased cor cnormal cserum csodium clevel, cand c
A c40-year-old cmale cpatient chas cbeen cnewly cdiagnosed cwith ctype c2 cdiabetes cmellitus. cWhich c
cwill cbe cmost cuseful cto cthe cnurse cwho cis chelping cthe cpatient cdevelop cstrategies cfor csuccessfu
a.
Ideal cweight
b.
Value csystem
c.
Activity clevel
d.
Visual cchanges c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cB
When cdealing cwith ca cpatient cwith ca cchronic ccondition csuch cas cdiabetes, cidentification cof cthe cp
ccan cassist cthe chealth ccare cteam cin cchoosing cstrategies cfor csuccessful clifestyle cchange. cThe c
cuseful, cbut cis cnot cas cimportant cin cdeveloping can cindividualized cplan cfor cthe cnecessary clifestyl
An c18-year-old cmale cpatient cwith ca csmall cstature cis cscheduled cfor ca cgrowth chormone cstimulat
cthe ctest, cthe cnurse cwill cobtain
a.
ice cin ca cbasin.
b.
glargine cinsulin.
c.
a ccardiac cmonitor.
d.
50% cdextrose csolution. c- cCORRECT cANS✔✔ANS: cD
Hypoglycemia cis cinduced cduring cthe cgrowth chormone cstimulation ctest, cand cthe cnurse cshould cb
cdextrose cimmediately. cRegular cinsulin cis cused cto cinduce chypoglycemia c(glargine cis cnever cgive
crequire ccardiac cmonitoring cduring cthe ctest. cAlthough cblood csamples cfor csome ctests cmust cbe c
cfor cthe cgrowth chormone cstimulation ctest.
The cnurse cwill cteach ca cpatient cto cplan cto cminimize cphysical cand cemotional cstress cwhile cthe cp
a.
