NURS 3314: Pharmacology: Pharm Exam 2 ( University of Texas Medical Branch) Questions With Complete Solutions

NURS 3314: Pharmacology: Pharm Exam 2 ( University of
Texas Medical Branch) Questions With Complete Solutions

1st Generation Sulfonylurea: Name, MOA, and Adverse Effects
Correct Answers - Chlorpropamide (only one currently in use)
- stimulates pancreas to release more insulin
- Severe hypoglycemia, hepatic & cardiac toxicity

2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Adverse Effects Correct Answers
- severe hypoglycemia
- weight gain due to circulating insulin
- disulfiram reaction with alcohol
- GI disturbances

2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Indications Correct Answers -
T2D
- second line of defense (after Metformin)

2nd Generation Sulfonylureas Meds Correct Answers 1.
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
2. Glipizide (Glucotrol and Glucotrol XL)
3. Glyburide (Diabeta, Glynase, Micronase)

2nd Generation Sulfonylureas: drug-drug interactions Correct
Answers - beta-blockers (can cause hypoglycemic
unawareness)
- anti-fungals (raise BG)
- corticosteroids (raise BG)
- thiazide diuretics (raise BG)
- cyclic antidepressants (raise BG)

,2nd Generation Sulfonylureas: MOA Correct Answers -
stimulates release of insulin from pancreas
- increases sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites
- decreases hepatic glucose production

70-NPH/30-Novolog Duration Correct Answers 10-16 hours

70-NPH/30-Novolog Onset Correct Answers 10-20 min

70-NPH/30-Novolog Peak Correct Answers 1.5-16 hours & 1-
4 hours
- There will be two peaks, per agent

Amiodarone (Codarone) Adverse Effects Correct Answers -
Severe hypotension
- bradycardia
- may require pacemaker

Amiodarone (Codarone) Classification Correct Answers Class
III - potassium channel blockers (block repolarization)

Amiodarone (Codarone) Indications Correct Answers IV for
initial treatment of recurrent Vfib and unstable Vtach

Amiodarone (Codarone) MOA (think about the memory cue)
Correct Answers Slows AV conduction and prolongs AV
refratoriness

Amiodarone (Codarone) Route/Dose Correct Answers Very
complex but usually there is a maintenance infusion after high
dosage for 1st 24 hours of 0.5 mg/min

,Aspart (Novolog) Duration Correct Answers 3-5 hours

Aspart (Novolog) Onset Correct Answers 10-20 min

Aspart (Novolog) Peak Correct Answers 1-3 hours

Atomoxetine (Strattera) Adverse Effects Correct Answers -
commonly effects GI reactions
- suicidal thinking in children
- appetite suppression (weight loss)
- small risk of liver injury
- may raise or lower BP
- HTN crisis with MAOI (Nardil and Marlin)

Atomoxetine (Strattera) Indication Correct Answers non-
stimulant therapy for ADHD

Atomoxetine (Strattera) MOA Correct Answers selective
inhibitor of NE reuptake

Atomoxetine (Strattera) Pharmacokinetics Correct Answers
full therapeutic effects in about one week

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
MOA Correct Answers - Reduce LDL-C
- elevate HDL
- may lower triglycerides but not prescribed for this
- Most effective for lowering LDLs and total cholesterol,
improve cardiac outcomes, lower risk of HF, MI and sudden
death - very commonly prescribed

, ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Adverse Effects Correct Answers myopathy, rhabdomyolysis,
results in renal damage; watch for high CK levels,
hepatotoxicity - rosuvastin (Crestor) has highest risk and risk
rises if other lipid, triglycerides agents are used

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Classification Correct Answers HMG-CoA reductase
inhibitors (statins)

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Contraindications Correct Answers Pregnancy - category X

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Drug Interactions Correct Answers Grapefruit juice - inhibits
CYP3A4 isoenzyme
Macrolide antibiotics
anti-fungals
HIV protease inhibitors
amiodorane
cyclosporin

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Indications Correct Answers Hyperlipidemia

ATOVASTATIN (LIPITOR) & LOVASTATIN (MEVACOR)
Monitoring Correct Answers Monitor LDLs - current goal is
100 in heart disease and 70 in DM/cardiac