Final Exam Review: Clinical Scenarios and Management
First Degree Burn - correct answer Superficial burn affecting only the epidermis.
Rule of Palms - correct answer Estimates burn area using palm size as 1%.
Corticosteroids - correct answer Medications reducing inflammation in autoimmune disorders.
Monoclonal Antibodies - correct answer Targeted therapy for chronic autoimmune conditions.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) - correct answer Infection causing dysuria and urinary frequency.
Leukocyte Esterase - correct answer Indicator of white blood cells in urine.
Nitrates in Urine - correct answer Sign of bacterial infection in urinalysis.
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim - correct answer First-line antibiotic for uncomplicated UTIs.
Provoked DVT - correct answer Deep vein thrombosis due to recent immobility.
INR (International Normalized Ratio) - correct answer Measure of blood coagulation for
anticoagulant therapy.
Xarelto - correct answer Anticoagulant medication used for DVT treatment.
Lovenox - correct answer Low molecular weight heparin for anticoagulation.
Adrenal Insufficiency - correct answer Condition from abrupt steroid withdrawal causing
hypotension.
Spironolactone - correct answer Aldosterone antagonist used in gender-affirming therapy.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia - correct answer Cancer affecting blood and bone marrow.
Allopurinol - correct answer Medication to manage uric acid levels in cancer.
Phase 2 Migraines - correct answer Migraines requiring serotonin agonist for treatment.
Serotonin Agonist - correct answer Medications that stimulate serotonin receptors.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) - correct answer First-line treatment for PTSD
and depression.
Hypotension - correct answer Abnormally low blood pressure, often symptomatic.
Pallor - correct answer Paleness of skin, indicative of various conditions.
Hypothermia - correct answer Abnormally low body temperature, can be life-threatening.
Narrow therapeutic index - correct answer Small dose differences cause significant adverse
reactions.
, Pressure diuresis - correct answer Fluid reduction by applying external pressure to tissues.
S1 heart sound - correct answer Closure of AV valves at ventricular systole's start.
Point of maximum impulse (PMI) - correct answer Palpable at left 5th intercostal space
midclavicular line.
Addison's disease - correct answer Adrenal insufficiency leading to low body temperature.
Normal liver span - correct answer 6 to 12 centimeters in right midclavicular line.
Order of abdominal assessment - correct answer Inspection, auscultation, percussion,
palpation.
Lymph node palpation - correct answer Fixed nodes indicate potential malignancy.
Osmotic diuresis - correct answer Fluid removal due to osmotic pressure differences.
Loop diuretics - correct answer Inhibit sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
Constrictive diuresis - correct answer Fluid removal via external constriction of vessels.
Zero order kinetics - correct answer Constant drug elimination rate regardless of concentration.
Post antibiotic effect - correct answer Persistent bacterial growth suppression after antibiotic
removal.
Auscultation - correct answer Listening to internal body sounds using a stethoscope.
Percussion - correct answer Tapping on body surfaces to assess underlying structures.
Palpation - correct answer Using hands to examine body parts for abnormalities.
Inspection - correct answer Visual examination of the body for signs of disease.
Mitral valve - correct answer AV valve between left atrium and ventricle.
Tricuspid valve - correct answer AV valve between right atrium and ventricle.
Hilar adenopathy - correct answer Enlargement of lymph nodes in the lung hilum.
Anhedonia - correct answer Inability to feel pleasure, often in depression.
Gastroenteritis - correct answer Inflammation of stomach and intestines, often due to
infection.
Non-tender nodes - correct answer Lymph nodes that do not cause pain upon palpation.
Minimally palpable node - correct answer Small lymph node that can be felt slightly.
Firm nodes - correct answer Lymph nodes that are hard and potentially malignant.
First Degree Burn - correct answer Superficial burn affecting only the epidermis.
Rule of Palms - correct answer Estimates burn area using palm size as 1%.
Corticosteroids - correct answer Medications reducing inflammation in autoimmune disorders.
Monoclonal Antibodies - correct answer Targeted therapy for chronic autoimmune conditions.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) - correct answer Infection causing dysuria and urinary frequency.
Leukocyte Esterase - correct answer Indicator of white blood cells in urine.
Nitrates in Urine - correct answer Sign of bacterial infection in urinalysis.
Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim - correct answer First-line antibiotic for uncomplicated UTIs.
Provoked DVT - correct answer Deep vein thrombosis due to recent immobility.
INR (International Normalized Ratio) - correct answer Measure of blood coagulation for
anticoagulant therapy.
Xarelto - correct answer Anticoagulant medication used for DVT treatment.
Lovenox - correct answer Low molecular weight heparin for anticoagulation.
Adrenal Insufficiency - correct answer Condition from abrupt steroid withdrawal causing
hypotension.
Spironolactone - correct answer Aldosterone antagonist used in gender-affirming therapy.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia - correct answer Cancer affecting blood and bone marrow.
Allopurinol - correct answer Medication to manage uric acid levels in cancer.
Phase 2 Migraines - correct answer Migraines requiring serotonin agonist for treatment.
Serotonin Agonist - correct answer Medications that stimulate serotonin receptors.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) - correct answer First-line treatment for PTSD
and depression.
Hypotension - correct answer Abnormally low blood pressure, often symptomatic.
Pallor - correct answer Paleness of skin, indicative of various conditions.
Hypothermia - correct answer Abnormally low body temperature, can be life-threatening.
Narrow therapeutic index - correct answer Small dose differences cause significant adverse
reactions.
, Pressure diuresis - correct answer Fluid reduction by applying external pressure to tissues.
S1 heart sound - correct answer Closure of AV valves at ventricular systole's start.
Point of maximum impulse (PMI) - correct answer Palpable at left 5th intercostal space
midclavicular line.
Addison's disease - correct answer Adrenal insufficiency leading to low body temperature.
Normal liver span - correct answer 6 to 12 centimeters in right midclavicular line.
Order of abdominal assessment - correct answer Inspection, auscultation, percussion,
palpation.
Lymph node palpation - correct answer Fixed nodes indicate potential malignancy.
Osmotic diuresis - correct answer Fluid removal due to osmotic pressure differences.
Loop diuretics - correct answer Inhibit sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle.
Constrictive diuresis - correct answer Fluid removal via external constriction of vessels.
Zero order kinetics - correct answer Constant drug elimination rate regardless of concentration.
Post antibiotic effect - correct answer Persistent bacterial growth suppression after antibiotic
removal.
Auscultation - correct answer Listening to internal body sounds using a stethoscope.
Percussion - correct answer Tapping on body surfaces to assess underlying structures.
Palpation - correct answer Using hands to examine body parts for abnormalities.
Inspection - correct answer Visual examination of the body for signs of disease.
Mitral valve - correct answer AV valve between left atrium and ventricle.
Tricuspid valve - correct answer AV valve between right atrium and ventricle.
Hilar adenopathy - correct answer Enlargement of lymph nodes in the lung hilum.
Anhedonia - correct answer Inability to feel pleasure, often in depression.
Gastroenteritis - correct answer Inflammation of stomach and intestines, often due to
infection.
Non-tender nodes - correct answer Lymph nodes that do not cause pain upon palpation.
Minimally palpable node - correct answer Small lymph node that can be felt slightly.
Firm nodes - correct answer Lymph nodes that are hard and potentially malignant.
