NU 621
Advanced Pathophysiology
Midterm Exam Review
Qns & Ans
2025
,Question 4: Select the main function of nervous tissue.
You selected: Communication
Correct
Explanation: Nervous tissue is designed for communication
purposes and includes the neurons, the supporting
neural structures, and the ependymal cells that line
the ventricles of the brain and the spinal canal.
Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue designed for
contractility. Connective tissue supports and connects
body structures. (less)
Question 5: When discussing the various functions of the cellular
parts, the pathophysiology professor asks a group of
students, "Where are the primary sites of protein
, synthesis located in a cell?" Which student response
is correct?
You selected: Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct
Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum (with its associated
ribosomes) and Golgi apparatus represent the
primary sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Question 6: A patient experiencing immotile cilia
syndrome should be frequently assessed by the
nurse for which priority complication?
You selected: Bronchiectasis due to interferences with
clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract.
Correct
Explanation: immotile cilia syndrome immobilizes the cilia of the
respiratory tract, thus interfering with clearance of
inhaled bacteria, leading to the chronic lung disease
called bronchiectasis. (less)
Question 7: The nurse is aware of the importance of potassium
and sodium for normal physiologic functions of a
client. The rapid movement of potassium and sodium
in actions is known as:
You selected: Primary active transport
Correct
, Explanation: Substances transported by primary active transport
are sodium, potassium, calcium, and hydrogen ions.
The active transport system studied in the greatest
detail is the sodium/potassium (Na+/K+)-adenosine
triphosphatase (ATPase) membrane pump.
Exocytosis is the mechanism for the secretion of
intracellular substances into the extracellular spaces.
Vesicular transport is a mechanism in which
materials are transported in membrane-bound
vesicles. Endocytosis occurs when materials are
moved into a cell in a vesicle formed from the cell
membrane. (less)
Question 8: The nurse is explaining the workings of selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors to a client with a
diagnosis of depression. Within the teaching, the
nurse mentions that in the nervous system, the
transmission of information by neurotransmitters is:
You selected: Synaptic signaling
Correct
Explanation: Synaptic signaling occurs in the nervous system,
where neurotransmitters act only on adjacent nerve
cells through special contact areas called synapses.
Endocrine signaling relies on hormones carried in the
bloodstream to cells throughout the body. Autocrine
signaling occurs when a cell releases a chemical into
the extracellular fluid that affects its own activity. With
paracrine signaling, enzymes rapidly metabolize the
chemical mediators and therefore act mainly on
nearby cells. (less)
Advanced Pathophysiology
Midterm Exam Review
Qns & Ans
2025
,Question 4: Select the main function of nervous tissue.
You selected: Communication
Correct
Explanation: Nervous tissue is designed for communication
purposes and includes the neurons, the supporting
neural structures, and the ependymal cells that line
the ventricles of the brain and the spinal canal.
Muscle tissue is a specialized tissue designed for
contractility. Connective tissue supports and connects
body structures. (less)
Question 5: When discussing the various functions of the cellular
parts, the pathophysiology professor asks a group of
students, "Where are the primary sites of protein
, synthesis located in a cell?" Which student response
is correct?
You selected: Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct
Explanation: The endoplasmic reticulum (with its associated
ribosomes) and Golgi apparatus represent the
primary sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Question 6: A patient experiencing immotile cilia
syndrome should be frequently assessed by the
nurse for which priority complication?
You selected: Bronchiectasis due to interferences with
clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract.
Correct
Explanation: immotile cilia syndrome immobilizes the cilia of the
respiratory tract, thus interfering with clearance of
inhaled bacteria, leading to the chronic lung disease
called bronchiectasis. (less)
Question 7: The nurse is aware of the importance of potassium
and sodium for normal physiologic functions of a
client. The rapid movement of potassium and sodium
in actions is known as:
You selected: Primary active transport
Correct
, Explanation: Substances transported by primary active transport
are sodium, potassium, calcium, and hydrogen ions.
The active transport system studied in the greatest
detail is the sodium/potassium (Na+/K+)-adenosine
triphosphatase (ATPase) membrane pump.
Exocytosis is the mechanism for the secretion of
intracellular substances into the extracellular spaces.
Vesicular transport is a mechanism in which
materials are transported in membrane-bound
vesicles. Endocytosis occurs when materials are
moved into a cell in a vesicle formed from the cell
membrane. (less)
Question 8: The nurse is explaining the workings of selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors to a client with a
diagnosis of depression. Within the teaching, the
nurse mentions that in the nervous system, the
transmission of information by neurotransmitters is:
You selected: Synaptic signaling
Correct
Explanation: Synaptic signaling occurs in the nervous system,
where neurotransmitters act only on adjacent nerve
cells through special contact areas called synapses.
Endocrine signaling relies on hormones carried in the
bloodstream to cells throughout the body. Autocrine
signaling occurs when a cell releases a chemical into
the extracellular fluid that affects its own activity. With
paracrine signaling, enzymes rapidly metabolize the
chemical mediators and therefore act mainly on
nearby cells. (less)
