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Q: What is a clinical trial?
ANSWER ✔✔ A research study in which a drug, intervention or device is studied to evaluate the
efficacy and safety of treating a specific problem or disease; to find superior or alternative
modalities of treating a specific disease
Q: What is a randomized control trial?
ANSWER ✔✔ Gold standard and most commonly used method; involves identification of
population of interest, selecting a sample population from that group and typically sample
population broken into two or more groups
Q: What is validity in research?
ANSWER ✔✔ Degree with which correct inferences can be made from the results of a research
study
Q: What is internal validity?
ANSWER ✔✔ Extent to which results obtained in a research trial are a function of the variables
that were systematically manipulated, measured, and/or observed in the study
Q: What is bias in research?
ANSWER ✔✔ Systematic error; occurs when the way a study was designed, conducted or
recorded leads to systematic deviations from results of the truth
Q: What is random error?
ANSWER ✔✔ An error that occurs when the selected sample is an imperfect representation of