Questions and Correct Answers
Scored A+2025-2026 Updated.
Vomiting - Answer caused by stimulation of chemoreceptors in trigger zone (many causes)
anti-emetics nursing process (AIT) - Answer assessment: causative factors, hx glaucoma
interventions: VS, bowel sounds, provide oral care (r/t stomach acid)
pt. teaching: alcohol intensifies sedation, avoid driving, avoid 1st trimester
Dimenhydrinate/DRAMAMINE (moa & use) - Answer H1 antagonist, DRAMAMINE, over the
counter, inhibit vestibular stimulation in middle ear, used for post-op and motion sickness
Dimenhydrinate (considerations) - Answer anticholinergic (sedation, caution w/ narrow angle
glaucoma)
Scopolamine (moa & use) - Answer anticholinergic, inhibits cholinergic transmission from
vestibular center to vomiting center, used for post-op & motion sickness
Scopolamine (caution) - Answer anticholinergic (not to use w NAG or urinary retention), can
cause tachycardia
Metoclopramide (moa & use) - Answer dopamine antagonist, blocks D2 receptors in CTZ, used
for surgery/chemo/radiation/anesthetics
Metoclopramide (a/r) - Answer anticholinergic, extrapyramidal (tardive dyskenesia r/t to D2
role in Parkinsons) CAREFUL W DOSAGE
Odansetron (moa & use) - Answer serotonin receptor antagonist, blocks serotonin receptor in
CTS, used in pre-post-op/chemo
Odansetron (a/r) - Answer HA (common), diarrhea, fatigue, dissy, prolonged QT -> torsades de
pointes
, Methylpresnisolone (moa) - Answer glucocorticoid, < inflammation triggered by afferent
stimulation of PNS in vomiting center
Methylpresnisolone (a/r) - Answer hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypernatremia, HTN
Dronabinol, cannabidiol - Answer cannabinoids, unclear moa, effective in chemo n/v and AIDS
anorexia
Dronabinol, cannabidiol (considerations) - Answer contraindicated for psych disorders,
appetite stimulant for AIDS pts.
trimethobenzamide (moa) - Answer suppress impulses to CTZ
trimethobenzamide (a/r) - Answer anticholinergic, EPS
diarrhea - Answer complications include electrolyte - Na &K - and fluid loss
anti-diarrheal nursing process (AIT) - Answer assessment: VS, BS, hx of cause
interventions: treat infection pre administration, monitor s/s dehydration & BM
teaching: no x2days or fever
codeine (moa) - Answer opiod, < intestinal motility = < peristalsis
codeine (considerations) - Answer CNS depression w/ alc/sedatives/tranquilizers
Diphenoxylate/Atropine (moa) - Answer < intestinal motility = < peristalsis, atropine <
abdominal cramping & hypersecretion
Diphenoxylate/Atropine (considerations) - Answer < potency = < risk of dependence, beware
of anticholinergic effects
loperimide (moa) - Answer protects against diarrhea, < fecal volume, < intestinal fluid, <
electrolyte losses