NYU Pharm Exam 2 antimicrobials &
urinary system Questions and Correct
Answers 2025.
Bactericidal - Answer kills microorganisms
Bacteriostatic - Answer inhibits growth of microorganisms
Antibiotics Adv Reactions - Answer Allergic or hypersensitivity
•Mild: rash, pruritus, hives
•Severe: anaphylactic shock
•Treatment: antihistamine, epinephrine, bronchodilator
Superinfection
•Secondary infection (e.g., mouth, respiratory tract, intestine, GU tract, skin)
Organ toxicity
•Damage to organs, usually liver & kidneys, ears
Natural/Inherent Resistance - Answer occurs without previous exposure to antibacterial drug
Aquired resistance - Answer Caused by prior exposure to the antibacterial
Causes many nosocomial infections
•MRSA
•VRE
•CRE
•Drug resistant candida
Preventing Resistance to antibacterials - Answer -Take antibiotics exactly as prescribed
-Safely discard any leftover meds
-Never take antibiotic for viral infections
, Antibiotics MOA - Answer •Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
•Alteration in membrane permeability
•Inhibition of protein synthesis
•Inhibition of RNA & DNA synthesis
•Interference with cellular metabolism
Antibiotic spectrums (Narrow spectrum) - Answer primarily effective against one group of
organism
Antibiotic spectrum(Broad spectrum) - Answer -can be effective against multiple groups of
organism
-used when culture&sensitivity can't be identified microorganism
Penicillins(narrow-spectrum) - Answer prototype: Amoxicillin
MOA: interferes w cell wall synthesis; cell lysis & death
use: staphylococcus infections
Penicillins(narrow-spectrum) - Answer Ad/Re: -Anaphylaxis (allergic reaction), -GI (nausea,
vomitting, diarrhea)
-superinfection
Considerations:structure=Beta-lactam ring
Contraindications: history of allergy
Amoxicillin - Answer narrow spectrum penicillins
Ampicillin - Answer broad spectrum penicillins
Penicillins (Broad-spectrum) - Answer Prototype: Ampicillin
MOA: interferes w cell wall synthesis; cell lysis & death
urinary system Questions and Correct
Answers 2025.
Bactericidal - Answer kills microorganisms
Bacteriostatic - Answer inhibits growth of microorganisms
Antibiotics Adv Reactions - Answer Allergic or hypersensitivity
•Mild: rash, pruritus, hives
•Severe: anaphylactic shock
•Treatment: antihistamine, epinephrine, bronchodilator
Superinfection
•Secondary infection (e.g., mouth, respiratory tract, intestine, GU tract, skin)
Organ toxicity
•Damage to organs, usually liver & kidneys, ears
Natural/Inherent Resistance - Answer occurs without previous exposure to antibacterial drug
Aquired resistance - Answer Caused by prior exposure to the antibacterial
Causes many nosocomial infections
•MRSA
•VRE
•CRE
•Drug resistant candida
Preventing Resistance to antibacterials - Answer -Take antibiotics exactly as prescribed
-Safely discard any leftover meds
-Never take antibiotic for viral infections
, Antibiotics MOA - Answer •Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
•Alteration in membrane permeability
•Inhibition of protein synthesis
•Inhibition of RNA & DNA synthesis
•Interference with cellular metabolism
Antibiotic spectrums (Narrow spectrum) - Answer primarily effective against one group of
organism
Antibiotic spectrum(Broad spectrum) - Answer -can be effective against multiple groups of
organism
-used when culture&sensitivity can't be identified microorganism
Penicillins(narrow-spectrum) - Answer prototype: Amoxicillin
MOA: interferes w cell wall synthesis; cell lysis & death
use: staphylococcus infections
Penicillins(narrow-spectrum) - Answer Ad/Re: -Anaphylaxis (allergic reaction), -GI (nausea,
vomitting, diarrhea)
-superinfection
Considerations:structure=Beta-lactam ring
Contraindications: history of allergy
Amoxicillin - Answer narrow spectrum penicillins
Ampicillin - Answer broad spectrum penicillins
Penicillins (Broad-spectrum) - Answer Prototype: Ampicillin
MOA: interferes w cell wall synthesis; cell lysis & death
