NUR 504 APEA Final Study Guide
Examination and Correct Detailed
Answers (2025-2026) Updated.
Retractions are observed in all the following areas except the:
Supraventricular area
hilar area.
intercostal area
costal marginal area. - Answer hilar area.
A 3 year-old presents with a history of fever and cough over the past 24 hours. Findings on exam
reveal: temperature of 102°F, apical heart rate of 157 beats/minute, and respiratory rate of 40
breaths/minute. Tachypnea in this child is most likely related to
Paradoxical respirations.
the child's febrile state.
the child's age.
an airway obstruction. - Answer the child's febrile state.
When percussing the lower posterior chest, begin by:
standing on the side rather than directly behind the patient.
having the patient lie supine on the examining table.
carefully palpating any area the patient has reported pain.
using the ball or the ulnar surface of the hand - Answer standing on the side rather than
directly behind the patient.
The palpation technique used to assess respiratory expansion of the chest is placing the hands
on the eight or tenth ribs posteriorly with the thumbs close to the vertebrae, sliding the hand
medially and grasping a small fold of skin between the thumbs. Then
ask the patient to cough and note chest expansion.
ask the patient to take a deep breathe and note any delay in expansion during inhalation.
have the patient hold his breath for 15 seconds then note chest expansion.
have the patient exhale forcefully noting expansion on expiration. - Answer ask the patient to
, Hemoptysis is seen frequently in infants, children, and adolescents with allergic rhinitis.
Blood originating in the stomach is usually brighter than blood originating from the respiratory
tract.
Hemoptysis is common in children with cystic fibrosis.
Blood streaked material often originates from the gastrointestinal tract. - Answer Blood
streaked material often originates from the gastrointestinal tract.
When percussing the chest in a patient who has left sided heart failure, the sound emanated
would be:
Resonant.
dull tympany.
Diffusely
hyper resonant - Answer Resonant.
The line that extends through the inferior angle of the scapula when the arms are at the sides of
the body is the:
mid vertebral line
Scapular line.
midclavicular line
mid-spinal line - Answer Scapular line.
condition associated with a chronic cough that produces copious amounts of purulent sputum is
most likely:
tracheobronchitis.
chronic bronchitis.
Bronchiectasis.
laryngitis. - Answer Bronchiectasis.
A patient who walked into the examination room, may be observed to be sitting and leaning
forward in his chair. Lips were pursed during exhalation and arms are supported on the table.
This position could be consistent with patients who have:
pneumonia.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Examination and Correct Detailed
Answers (2025-2026) Updated.
Retractions are observed in all the following areas except the:
Supraventricular area
hilar area.
intercostal area
costal marginal area. - Answer hilar area.
A 3 year-old presents with a history of fever and cough over the past 24 hours. Findings on exam
reveal: temperature of 102°F, apical heart rate of 157 beats/minute, and respiratory rate of 40
breaths/minute. Tachypnea in this child is most likely related to
Paradoxical respirations.
the child's febrile state.
the child's age.
an airway obstruction. - Answer the child's febrile state.
When percussing the lower posterior chest, begin by:
standing on the side rather than directly behind the patient.
having the patient lie supine on the examining table.
carefully palpating any area the patient has reported pain.
using the ball or the ulnar surface of the hand - Answer standing on the side rather than
directly behind the patient.
The palpation technique used to assess respiratory expansion of the chest is placing the hands
on the eight or tenth ribs posteriorly with the thumbs close to the vertebrae, sliding the hand
medially and grasping a small fold of skin between the thumbs. Then
ask the patient to cough and note chest expansion.
ask the patient to take a deep breathe and note any delay in expansion during inhalation.
have the patient hold his breath for 15 seconds then note chest expansion.
have the patient exhale forcefully noting expansion on expiration. - Answer ask the patient to
, Hemoptysis is seen frequently in infants, children, and adolescents with allergic rhinitis.
Blood originating in the stomach is usually brighter than blood originating from the respiratory
tract.
Hemoptysis is common in children with cystic fibrosis.
Blood streaked material often originates from the gastrointestinal tract. - Answer Blood
streaked material often originates from the gastrointestinal tract.
When percussing the chest in a patient who has left sided heart failure, the sound emanated
would be:
Resonant.
dull tympany.
Diffusely
hyper resonant - Answer Resonant.
The line that extends through the inferior angle of the scapula when the arms are at the sides of
the body is the:
mid vertebral line
Scapular line.
midclavicular line
mid-spinal line - Answer Scapular line.
condition associated with a chronic cough that produces copious amounts of purulent sputum is
most likely:
tracheobronchitis.
chronic bronchitis.
Bronchiectasis.
laryngitis. - Answer Bronchiectasis.
A patient who walked into the examination room, may be observed to be sitting and leaning
forward in his chair. Lips were pursed during exhalation and arms are supported on the table.
This position could be consistent with patients who have:
pneumonia.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
