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Routes - Slowest to Fastest - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Transdermal --> sub-q --> IM -->
buccal --> inhalation --> IV
6 Rights of Medication Administration - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Right Person
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right time
5. Right route
6. Right medication
,3 Medication Checks - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. When removing medication from
drawer/cart/pixis
2. Before dispensing medication
3. After dispensing medication but before giving it
Allergic/Hypersensitivity Reactions - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Immune response - not a
side effect
Determined by degree of sensitization of the immune system
Sensitivity can change over time
mild itching to severe rash to anaphylaxsis
Absorption - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Process of incorporating drug into blood
Distribution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Movement of drugs through the body
Transport via blood to site of action
Metabolism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ability to change a drug biologically from its
original form into a water-soluble form so it can be excreted by the kidneys
Excretion - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Removal of drugs from the body
,Agranulocytosis/Neutropenia/Agranulocytopenia - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acute
decrease int eh number of granulocytes/leukopenia (WBCs) in peripheral blood
Causes: treatment with broad spectrum penicillin, sulfonamides, or cephalosporin;
bone marrow transplant; chemotherapy; radiation
Generally impaired resulting from bone marrow depression by drugs and
chemicals or replacement by a neoplasm
Lymphadenopathy or lypmphadenitis may be prevalent
Could --> respiratory infection, ulceration of mouth, colon, high fever, or UTI
May be asymptomatic
Chelating Agents - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A substance whose molecules can form
several bonds to a single metal ion
Involves oral administration or injection of Ethylene Diamine tetra Acetic Avide
may be used to treat hardening of the arteries, heart attack, stroke, arthritis, and
gangrene - removes excess calcium from body
Used for lead poisoning and hypercalcemia
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Use in children with a
lead level between 45-70 micron/dL
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3
, Binds to lead in blood and excreted by bowel and kidney
May be toxic to the kidney - monitor urine output
Give IV - dose depends on weight of child, severity of poison
- Give q4h 5 days
- Second course may be needed if there is a rebound in blood level
Give oral and IV fluid to enhance excretion
Do not use with hypocalcemia or hypokalemia
Used to treat lead poisoning and hyperkalmeia
British AntiLeistie (BAL) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Do not give with iron supplement
Avoid in patients with plant allergy
Give IM
Treats poisoning with heavy metals (arsenic, gold, mercury)
Succimer (Chemer/Chemet) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Chemet = oral
Used to treat lead poisoning
Do not give in patient with encephalopathy
Epistaxis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Nose bleed