NSG 555 Quiz 2 module 4 DBTS Exam
2025 Questions and Answers
Diabetes screening recommendations - --CORRECT ANSWER--1. OGTT or
A1C if overweight and 1 + risk factors
family hx, heritage (nonwhite), CVD, HTN, HLD, PCOS, inactive, s/s: acanthosis
nigricans, obesity
2. A1C >5.7 should be tested yearly
3. if women an Gestational dbts test q3 years
4. anyone else start at age 45
5. if normal results test q3 years unless new risk factors
Type 1 diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--autoimmune destruction of Beta cells -
->lifelong dependance on insulin (they have ab to islet cells, insulin autoab, ab to
tyrosine phosphate), surigal removal of pancrease (whipple)-->type 1
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,latent autoimmune dbts (LABA) - --CORRECT ANSWER--beta cell dysfunction
in older adults--reduced insulin production + lipolysis, decreased incretin effect,
increased glucagon secretions
Incretins - --CORRECT ANSWER--peptides that are produced in the GI tract in
response to food that help to modulate insulin and glucagon activity
Glucagon - --CORRECT ANSWER--A hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha
cells that increases blood glucose concentration
type 2 diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--insulin resistance-->increased insulin
secretion-->inc blood glucose
need tx to improve insulin sensitivity.
note that metabolic syndrome common in presentation
metabolic syndrome - --CORRECT ANSWER--A syndrome marked by the
presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as high blood pressure,
abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and high fasting levels
of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and Type
2 diabetes.
type 1 dm presentation - --CORRECT ANSWER--polyuria, polydipsia,
polyphagia, wt loss, blurry cision, fatigue, s/s dbts. Late s/s: DKA (rapid shallow
breathing, low BP, dehydration, n/v/abd pain)
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, type 2 dm presentation - --CORRECT ANSWER--asymptomatic or subtle
symptoms. often vascular/neuropathic complications first
polyuria, polydipsia, blurry vision, fatigue, infectiosn, slow healing wounds
exam for dbts initial - --CORRECT ANSWER--focus on dehydration, wt loss
(dry/flushed), palpate thyroid (common to also have type 1 dm), vascular and
neuropathic complications.
exam for dbts follow up - --CORRECT ANSWER--1. eval glucose control
2. assess for presence/progression of end-organ damage
3. assess for associated diseases (cv risk factors, autoimmune disorders)
Q3 Months + full annual exam to assess complications and glycemic control,
check lipids, A1C, renal function each 3 months and LFTs each year (more
frequent if abnormal)
other yearly screening: urine microalbumin and UA, eye exam, CV eval if indicated.
baseline EKG if >40
dx diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--based on glucose threshold for which
retinopathy risk is increased
A1C 6.5 or >
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
2025 Questions and Answers
Diabetes screening recommendations - --CORRECT ANSWER--1. OGTT or
A1C if overweight and 1 + risk factors
family hx, heritage (nonwhite), CVD, HTN, HLD, PCOS, inactive, s/s: acanthosis
nigricans, obesity
2. A1C >5.7 should be tested yearly
3. if women an Gestational dbts test q3 years
4. anyone else start at age 45
5. if normal results test q3 years unless new risk factors
Type 1 diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--autoimmune destruction of Beta cells -
->lifelong dependance on insulin (they have ab to islet cells, insulin autoab, ab to
tyrosine phosphate), surigal removal of pancrease (whipple)-->type 1
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,latent autoimmune dbts (LABA) - --CORRECT ANSWER--beta cell dysfunction
in older adults--reduced insulin production + lipolysis, decreased incretin effect,
increased glucagon secretions
Incretins - --CORRECT ANSWER--peptides that are produced in the GI tract in
response to food that help to modulate insulin and glucagon activity
Glucagon - --CORRECT ANSWER--A hormone secreted by the pancreatic alpha
cells that increases blood glucose concentration
type 2 diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--insulin resistance-->increased insulin
secretion-->inc blood glucose
need tx to improve insulin sensitivity.
note that metabolic syndrome common in presentation
metabolic syndrome - --CORRECT ANSWER--A syndrome marked by the
presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as high blood pressure,
abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and high fasting levels
of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and Type
2 diabetes.
type 1 dm presentation - --CORRECT ANSWER--polyuria, polydipsia,
polyphagia, wt loss, blurry cision, fatigue, s/s dbts. Late s/s: DKA (rapid shallow
breathing, low BP, dehydration, n/v/abd pain)
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, type 2 dm presentation - --CORRECT ANSWER--asymptomatic or subtle
symptoms. often vascular/neuropathic complications first
polyuria, polydipsia, blurry vision, fatigue, infectiosn, slow healing wounds
exam for dbts initial - --CORRECT ANSWER--focus on dehydration, wt loss
(dry/flushed), palpate thyroid (common to also have type 1 dm), vascular and
neuropathic complications.
exam for dbts follow up - --CORRECT ANSWER--1. eval glucose control
2. assess for presence/progression of end-organ damage
3. assess for associated diseases (cv risk factors, autoimmune disorders)
Q3 Months + full annual exam to assess complications and glycemic control,
check lipids, A1C, renal function each 3 months and LFTs each year (more
frequent if abnormal)
other yearly screening: urine microalbumin and UA, eye exam, CV eval if indicated.
baseline EKG if >40
dx diabetes - --CORRECT ANSWER--based on glucose threshold for which
retinopathy risk is increased
A1C 6.5 or >
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
