Bio 5236 Practice quiz
What term indicates the ecological role that an organism plays in a community? -
answer Niche
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya
from members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria? - answer The presence of a
nuclear envelope
-A characteristic that distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya from members of
the domains Archaea and Bacteria is the presence of a nuclear membrane. Organisms
classified as members of the domain Eukarya have cells in which the nucleus
containing the genomic DNA is enclosed by a nuclear envelope. In contrast, organisms
classified as members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria have cells that lack a
nuclear envelope.
Valine is typically classified as a hydrophobic amino acid because a valine molecule has
which of the following types of side chains? - answerNonpolar
A teacher asks students to describe how the data collected in an experiment are
typically used as evidence. Which of the following responses is the most accurate? -
answer"The data are used to support or reject a hypothesis."
Which of the following biomes is characterized by long winters and short summers,
snow as the predominant form of precipitation, soil that is acidic and poor in nutrients,
and wooded areas made up mostly of evergreen trees with needlelike leaves? -
answerBoreal forest
One strand of a certain segment of DNA has the following nucleotide sequence.
5′−AGATGTCCAGTA−3′ - answer3′−TCTACAGGTCAT−5′
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce which of the
following? - answerwater
A student uses stationary fans to investigate the effect of wind on water loss by plants.
The student divides the plants into three treatment groups and places each group in
front of a fan. The student sets the fan for each group to one of three different levels:
low, medium, or high. After 24 hours, the student determines the amount of water that
was lost by each plant. To create a bar graph of the results, the student should make
the height of each bar represent which of the following? - answerthe average water loss
for each treatment group
,Interphase is the part of the cell cycle that includes which of the following? -
answerReplication of DNA
-Interphase is the nonmitotic part of the cell cycle during which a cell is growing and
carrying out its normal metabolic processes. Replication of DNA occurs during
interphase, specifically during S phase of the cell cycle.
A model of secondary succession typically includes which of the following? - answerA
community structure that remains stable over time
-A model of secondary succession typically includes changes in species composition
over time.
what are typically present in a bacterial cell but not in a virus? - answerribosomes and
DNA replication machinery
-Ribosomes and DNA replication machinery are typically present in a bacterial cell but
not in a virus. A typical virus has its own genome but lacks the machinery for
synthesizing proteins or replicating its genome. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that
is typically present in retroviruses but not in bacterial cells.
Wind turbines are used for which of the following activities? - answerGenerating
electricity without burning fossil fuels
-Wind turbines harvest a renewable resource, the wind, to produce electricity without
the necessity of burning fossil fuels, a nonrenewable resource.
The nucleotides of a single strand of DNA are linked together by which of the following?
- answerPhosphodiester bonds
Which of the following pathways is common to both fermentation and aerobic cellular
respiration? - answerGlycolysis
-Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that produces pyruvate from glucose. It occurs in
both fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration.
In a germinating seedling, the root grows downward into the soil. Which of the following
correctly explains this phenomenon? - answerThe root exhibits positive gravitropism.
-Gravitropism is growth toward or away from the force of gravity on Earth. Roots exhibit
positive gravitropism, growing down into the soil to gain access to water and to provide
anchoring for the plant.
Which of the following best describes the role of transpiration in the water cycle? -
answerIt moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
In which of the following cell types is a mutation most likely to have an impact on the
gene pool of a population? - answerSperm
-A mutation in a gamete, such as a sperm or egg cell, can be passed on to offspring,
resulting in a change in a population's gene pool.
, Which of the following actions will best help maintain the diversity and abundance of
organisms in a terrestrial ecosystem? - answerPreventing habitat destruction
-The single greatest threat to loss of both terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity is habitat
destruction by humans. Associated with habitat loss is habitat fragmentation, in which
organisms are forced to occupy much smaller regions that are more sensitive to
environmental changes and where the organisms face a much greater chance of
extinction.
A population of a certain animal species is found in a protected wildlife preserve. Which
of the following poses the greatest threat to the long-term survival of the population? -
answerA decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
-A population that lacks genetic diversity will be limited in its ability to respond to
environmental changes. Decreased genetic diversity will typically increase a
population's risk of becoming extinct.
Which of the following describes the primary function of bone marrow in humans? -
answerIt is the source of new blood cells.
Which of the following is the best example of habitat fragmentation? - answerBuilding a
highway through a forest
-Building a highway through a forest divides a continuous habitat into smaller isolated
habitats. The result is that populations of animals and plants in the region may become
fragmented and isolated as well. For many of the animal species, gene flow will be
reduced, and some animals will be separated from their usual sources of food, water,
and shelter. Similarly, there may be less cross-pollination between plants in the area.
The presence of the highway also makes the animals more susceptible to injury and
death both during and after highway construction.
Ether can be used to anesthetize fruit flies. The flies are typically anesthetized in an
etherizer, a small chamber that contains an absorbent material onto which a few drops
of ether are placed before the flies are introduced. Ether is volatile and highly
flammable. In which of the following locations should the ether be added to the
etherizer? - answerIn a fume hood, where the ether fumes are drawn to the outside of
the building through an exhaust system
A diploid organism has the genotype uppercase A, lowercase a, uppercase B,
lowercase b, uppercase C, lowercase cAaBbCc in regard to three unlinked genetic loci.
A normal gamete produced by the organism could have which of the following
genotypes? - answerAbC
Which of the following statements best explains how insulin helps regulate blood
glucose levels in a healthy individual? - answerIt stimulates the uptake of glucose by
cells of the body.
-When the concentration of glucose in the blood increases, the beta cells of the
pancreas secrete insulin. Insulin causes the uptake of glucose from the blood by cells of
the body, especially by liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose cells.
What term indicates the ecological role that an organism plays in a community? -
answer Niche
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya
from members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria? - answer The presence of a
nuclear envelope
-A characteristic that distinguishes members of the domain Eukarya from members of
the domains Archaea and Bacteria is the presence of a nuclear membrane. Organisms
classified as members of the domain Eukarya have cells in which the nucleus
containing the genomic DNA is enclosed by a nuclear envelope. In contrast, organisms
classified as members of the domains Archaea and Bacteria have cells that lack a
nuclear envelope.
Valine is typically classified as a hydrophobic amino acid because a valine molecule has
which of the following types of side chains? - answerNonpolar
A teacher asks students to describe how the data collected in an experiment are
typically used as evidence. Which of the following responses is the most accurate? -
answer"The data are used to support or reject a hypothesis."
Which of the following biomes is characterized by long winters and short summers,
snow as the predominant form of precipitation, soil that is acidic and poor in nutrients,
and wooded areas made up mostly of evergreen trees with needlelike leaves? -
answerBoreal forest
One strand of a certain segment of DNA has the following nucleotide sequence.
5′−AGATGTCCAGTA−3′ - answer3′−TCTACAGGTCAT−5′
The overall process of aerobic cellular respiration is best described as the oxidation of
glucose to produce carbon dioxide and the reduction of oxygen to produce which of the
following? - answerwater
A student uses stationary fans to investigate the effect of wind on water loss by plants.
The student divides the plants into three treatment groups and places each group in
front of a fan. The student sets the fan for each group to one of three different levels:
low, medium, or high. After 24 hours, the student determines the amount of water that
was lost by each plant. To create a bar graph of the results, the student should make
the height of each bar represent which of the following? - answerthe average water loss
for each treatment group
,Interphase is the part of the cell cycle that includes which of the following? -
answerReplication of DNA
-Interphase is the nonmitotic part of the cell cycle during which a cell is growing and
carrying out its normal metabolic processes. Replication of DNA occurs during
interphase, specifically during S phase of the cell cycle.
A model of secondary succession typically includes which of the following? - answerA
community structure that remains stable over time
-A model of secondary succession typically includes changes in species composition
over time.
what are typically present in a bacterial cell but not in a virus? - answerribosomes and
DNA replication machinery
-Ribosomes and DNA replication machinery are typically present in a bacterial cell but
not in a virus. A typical virus has its own genome but lacks the machinery for
synthesizing proteins or replicating its genome. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that
is typically present in retroviruses but not in bacterial cells.
Wind turbines are used for which of the following activities? - answerGenerating
electricity without burning fossil fuels
-Wind turbines harvest a renewable resource, the wind, to produce electricity without
the necessity of burning fossil fuels, a nonrenewable resource.
The nucleotides of a single strand of DNA are linked together by which of the following?
- answerPhosphodiester bonds
Which of the following pathways is common to both fermentation and aerobic cellular
respiration? - answerGlycolysis
-Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that produces pyruvate from glucose. It occurs in
both fermentation and aerobic cellular respiration.
In a germinating seedling, the root grows downward into the soil. Which of the following
correctly explains this phenomenon? - answerThe root exhibits positive gravitropism.
-Gravitropism is growth toward or away from the force of gravity on Earth. Roots exhibit
positive gravitropism, growing down into the soil to gain access to water and to provide
anchoring for the plant.
Which of the following best describes the role of transpiration in the water cycle? -
answerIt moves water from the soil to the atmosphere.
In which of the following cell types is a mutation most likely to have an impact on the
gene pool of a population? - answerSperm
-A mutation in a gamete, such as a sperm or egg cell, can be passed on to offspring,
resulting in a change in a population's gene pool.
, Which of the following actions will best help maintain the diversity and abundance of
organisms in a terrestrial ecosystem? - answerPreventing habitat destruction
-The single greatest threat to loss of both terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity is habitat
destruction by humans. Associated with habitat loss is habitat fragmentation, in which
organisms are forced to occupy much smaller regions that are more sensitive to
environmental changes and where the organisms face a much greater chance of
extinction.
A population of a certain animal species is found in a protected wildlife preserve. Which
of the following poses the greatest threat to the long-term survival of the population? -
answerA decrease in the genetic diversity of the population
-A population that lacks genetic diversity will be limited in its ability to respond to
environmental changes. Decreased genetic diversity will typically increase a
population's risk of becoming extinct.
Which of the following describes the primary function of bone marrow in humans? -
answerIt is the source of new blood cells.
Which of the following is the best example of habitat fragmentation? - answerBuilding a
highway through a forest
-Building a highway through a forest divides a continuous habitat into smaller isolated
habitats. The result is that populations of animals and plants in the region may become
fragmented and isolated as well. For many of the animal species, gene flow will be
reduced, and some animals will be separated from their usual sources of food, water,
and shelter. Similarly, there may be less cross-pollination between plants in the area.
The presence of the highway also makes the animals more susceptible to injury and
death both during and after highway construction.
Ether can be used to anesthetize fruit flies. The flies are typically anesthetized in an
etherizer, a small chamber that contains an absorbent material onto which a few drops
of ether are placed before the flies are introduced. Ether is volatile and highly
flammable. In which of the following locations should the ether be added to the
etherizer? - answerIn a fume hood, where the ether fumes are drawn to the outside of
the building through an exhaust system
A diploid organism has the genotype uppercase A, lowercase a, uppercase B,
lowercase b, uppercase C, lowercase cAaBbCc in regard to three unlinked genetic loci.
A normal gamete produced by the organism could have which of the following
genotypes? - answerAbC
Which of the following statements best explains how insulin helps regulate blood
glucose levels in a healthy individual? - answerIt stimulates the uptake of glucose by
cells of the body.
-When the concentration of glucose in the blood increases, the beta cells of the
pancreas secrete insulin. Insulin causes the uptake of glucose from the blood by cells of
the body, especially by liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose cells.
