Bio 473 Theory Exam 2 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Boyle's Law - CORRECT ANSWER -• The pressure of gas is inversely proportional to the
volume
• When chest volume increases, alveolar pressure falls, and air flows into the respiratory system
• When the chest volume decreases, the alveolar pressure rises, and air flows out, into the
atmosphere
Contracted diaphragm vs relaxed - CORRECT ANSWER -flattens diaphragm during
inhalation (contraction)
returns to dome shape during exhalation (relaxation)
Which enzyme catalyzes carbon dioxide to bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWER -Carbonic
Anhydrase
How does pH affect this reaction - CORRECT ANSWER -pH gets affected by carbonic
anhydrase converting CO2 and H20 into carbonic acid, at that point the reaction forms HCO3-
and H+ causing a decrease in pH
Hypocapnia - CORRECT ANSWER --Condition where the CO2 concentration in the
blood is too low
-carbonic acid equation runs to the right, H+ ion conc. is decreased -> less acidic, causes
respiratory alkalosis
Hypercapnia - CORRECT ANSWER --Condition where the CO2 concentration in the
blood is too high
-carbonic acid equation runs forward, H+ ion concentration increases -> more acidic, causes
respiratory acidosis
, Tidal Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -Normal breathing pattern
Inspiratory reserve - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you can still inhale
after a normal inhalation
Expiratory reserve - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air remaining in your lungs that
you can still exhale at the end of a normal exhalation
Residual volume - CORRECT ANSWER -The volume of air that remains after a maximal
exhalation
Inspiratory Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you could inhale after
a normal exhalation
Expiratory Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you could exhale after
a normal inhalation
Vital Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the largest volume of air that you can move
through your lungs
Functional Residual Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air remaining in
your lungs, including the residual volume, following a normal exhalation
Total Lung Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the total volume of your lungs, including
the residual volume
Obstructive Diseases - CORRECT ANSWER -FEV1 decreases more than FVC, so
FEV1/FVC ratio decreases, TLC increases
Restrictive Diseases - CORRECT ANSWER -FEV1 and FVC both decreases, so
FEV1/FVC ratio is normal, TLC decreases
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Boyle's Law - CORRECT ANSWER -• The pressure of gas is inversely proportional to the
volume
• When chest volume increases, alveolar pressure falls, and air flows into the respiratory system
• When the chest volume decreases, the alveolar pressure rises, and air flows out, into the
atmosphere
Contracted diaphragm vs relaxed - CORRECT ANSWER -flattens diaphragm during
inhalation (contraction)
returns to dome shape during exhalation (relaxation)
Which enzyme catalyzes carbon dioxide to bicarbonate - CORRECT ANSWER -Carbonic
Anhydrase
How does pH affect this reaction - CORRECT ANSWER -pH gets affected by carbonic
anhydrase converting CO2 and H20 into carbonic acid, at that point the reaction forms HCO3-
and H+ causing a decrease in pH
Hypocapnia - CORRECT ANSWER --Condition where the CO2 concentration in the
blood is too low
-carbonic acid equation runs to the right, H+ ion conc. is decreased -> less acidic, causes
respiratory alkalosis
Hypercapnia - CORRECT ANSWER --Condition where the CO2 concentration in the
blood is too high
-carbonic acid equation runs forward, H+ ion concentration increases -> more acidic, causes
respiratory acidosis
, Tidal Volume - CORRECT ANSWER -Normal breathing pattern
Inspiratory reserve - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you can still inhale
after a normal inhalation
Expiratory reserve - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air remaining in your lungs that
you can still exhale at the end of a normal exhalation
Residual volume - CORRECT ANSWER -The volume of air that remains after a maximal
exhalation
Inspiratory Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you could inhale after
a normal exhalation
Expiratory Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air that you could exhale after
a normal inhalation
Vital Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the largest volume of air that you can move
through your lungs
Functional Residual Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the volume of air remaining in
your lungs, including the residual volume, following a normal exhalation
Total Lung Capacity - CORRECT ANSWER -the total volume of your lungs, including
the residual volume
Obstructive Diseases - CORRECT ANSWER -FEV1 decreases more than FVC, so
FEV1/FVC ratio decreases, TLC increases
Restrictive Diseases - CORRECT ANSWER -FEV1 and FVC both decreases, so
FEV1/FVC ratio is normal, TLC decreases
