PHLT 301 Exam 2 Review Questions And
Complete Answers
discrete data - answer Data with space between possible data values (ex. final score of
a football game because you cannot have a score of 7.3 to 0.5, for example.)
One Health - answer organization that recognizes the connection between the health of
people and the health of animals and the environment
Best place to break the chain of infection - answer at the mode of transmission
Animal that carries Q fever - answer goat
quantitative data - answer numerical data
qualitative data - answer descriptive and observable characteristics (like race, gender,
ethnicity)
continuous data - answer Data that can take on any value in a range and has no space
between data. (ex. the average test score on the final of 93.4 because an average could
be any numeric number and have decimals.
Numeric Data - answer same thing as quantitative data, dealing with numbers
Nominal Data - answer data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an order or
rank. (Ex. Gender, Race, Religion)
binomial data - answer two categories for the data (ex. true/false or yes/no)
ordinal data - answer data with categories that do have an implicit order. (Ex.
educational level, level of agreement (strongly agree, agree, disagree, etc.))
route of exposure - answer the way in which an individual might come into contact with a
disease, such as through contact with organisms or surfaces
portal of entry - answer the route for the infectious agent to enter a host (ex. through the
respiratory tract or breaks in the skin)
portal of exit - answer a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in
which it has been growing to spread to another host
host susceptibility - answer The presence or lack of susceptibility of an individual to be
infected by the infectious agent (microorganism)
inductive reasoning - answer using specific observations to form a theory
, deductive reasoning - answer using a general theory to make claims about specific
observations
accuracy - answer how close measurements are to the true value
Precision - answer how close measurements are to each other
Repeatability - answer getting the same outcome when the same operator measures the
same part multiple times
reproducibility - answer getting the same outcome when different operators measure
the same part multiple times
Epidemiology - answer the study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of
health-related states or events (including disease)
Why do we care about data in public health? - answer 1. It helps us identify where we
need to intervene.
2. We can be more targeted
3. It helps us provide interventions that are needed
Intervention - answer an act performed, with or on behalf of a person or population
whose purpose is to assess, improve, maintain, promote or modify health, functioning or
health conditions.
tertiary prevention - answer minimize the effects of a disorder as someone has it (ex.
chemotherapy, healthy cooking class post heart attack)
secondary prevention - answer early detection and treatment of a condition someone is
showing early signs/risk factors of, but does not have yet (ex. medication, behavioral or
dietary changes, weight loss)
Complete Answers
discrete data - answer Data with space between possible data values (ex. final score of
a football game because you cannot have a score of 7.3 to 0.5, for example.)
One Health - answer organization that recognizes the connection between the health of
people and the health of animals and the environment
Best place to break the chain of infection - answer at the mode of transmission
Animal that carries Q fever - answer goat
quantitative data - answer numerical data
qualitative data - answer descriptive and observable characteristics (like race, gender,
ethnicity)
continuous data - answer Data that can take on any value in a range and has no space
between data. (ex. the average test score on the final of 93.4 because an average could
be any numeric number and have decimals.
Numeric Data - answer same thing as quantitative data, dealing with numbers
Nominal Data - answer data of categories only. Data cannot be arranged in an order or
rank. (Ex. Gender, Race, Religion)
binomial data - answer two categories for the data (ex. true/false or yes/no)
ordinal data - answer data with categories that do have an implicit order. (Ex.
educational level, level of agreement (strongly agree, agree, disagree, etc.))
route of exposure - answer the way in which an individual might come into contact with a
disease, such as through contact with organisms or surfaces
portal of entry - answer the route for the infectious agent to enter a host (ex. through the
respiratory tract or breaks in the skin)
portal of exit - answer a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in
which it has been growing to spread to another host
host susceptibility - answer The presence or lack of susceptibility of an individual to be
infected by the infectious agent (microorganism)
inductive reasoning - answer using specific observations to form a theory
, deductive reasoning - answer using a general theory to make claims about specific
observations
accuracy - answer how close measurements are to the true value
Precision - answer how close measurements are to each other
Repeatability - answer getting the same outcome when the same operator measures the
same part multiple times
reproducibility - answer getting the same outcome when different operators measure
the same part multiple times
Epidemiology - answer the study and analysis of the distribution and determinants of
health-related states or events (including disease)
Why do we care about data in public health? - answer 1. It helps us identify where we
need to intervene.
2. We can be more targeted
3. It helps us provide interventions that are needed
Intervention - answer an act performed, with or on behalf of a person or population
whose purpose is to assess, improve, maintain, promote or modify health, functioning or
health conditions.
tertiary prevention - answer minimize the effects of a disorder as someone has it (ex.
chemotherapy, healthy cooking class post heart attack)
secondary prevention - answer early detection and treatment of a condition someone is
showing early signs/risk factors of, but does not have yet (ex. medication, behavioral or
dietary changes, weight loss)
