MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
MED SURG III FINAL EXAM / NSG233
FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 COMPLETE
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES |GRADED A+||BRAND
NEW VERSION GUARANTEED PASS
Pdf Download
MED SURG III FINAL EXAM
1. The nurse explains to a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic that the beta cells can
no longer produce adequate insulin because:
a.they are inhibited by pituitary disorder.
b.an allergic response has altered their response to hyperglycemia.
c.alpha cells have proliferated in the islets of Langerhans.
d.the bodys immune system has destroyed them. - Answer ✓✓ANS: D
MED SURG III 1
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
In type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), the beta cells on the islets of Langerhans are
destroyed by an autoimmune reaction.
2. The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate that among diabetics, type 2
diabetics comprise up to _____% of all known cases.
a. 70
b. 75
c. 80
d. 95 - Answer ✓✓ANS: D
Type 2 diabetics comprise 90% to 95% of all known cases.
3. The nurse recognizes a need for further information when a young woman with
gestational diabetes says:
a. Gestational diabetes results from the hormonal changes of pregnancy.
b. I will need to exercise regularly and lose weight to reduce my risk of becoming
a diabetic.
c. Ill be free of diabetes when this baby is born.
d. The baby will have to be monitored for hypoglycemia during my pregnancy. -
Answer ✓✓ANS: C
Of the women who have gestational diabetes, 5% to 10% go on to develop type 2
diabetes.
4. A patient asks the nurse if stress can be a potential cause of type 2 diabetes.
What should be included in the response provided by the nurse?
a. Stress decreases the number of alpha cells in the pancreas, thus increasing the
workload on the beta cells.
b. Periods of stress cause increases in glycogen production by the adrenal cortex.
c. Stress is directly associated with decreased insulin tolerance.
MED SURG III 2
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
d. The inhibition of beta cells to glucose is increased in periods of stress. - Answer
✓✓ANS: B
Stress stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids, which can cause
hyperglycemia.
5. The nurse counsels the 30-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who is
overweight and noncompliant that control of diabetes would most improve if she
were to:
a. lose weight.
b. take more Glucophage.
c. eat a high-protein diet.
d. take insulin. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
Type 2 diabetes is prevalent in the obese. Of the known cases, 80% of them are
overweight. Loss of weight decreases hyperglycemia.
6. The patient inquires about the significance of islet cell antibodies. The nurses
most informative response is that islet cell antibodies:
a. will cause beta cells to quit producing insulin, resulting in diabetes mellitus
(DM).
b. protect beta cells from viral attack.
c. increase production of insulin from beta cells.
d. decrease the size of the pancreas. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
7. The nurse reinforces the American Diabetes Associations recommendation that
all people over age 45, especially if overweight, monitor themselves for diabetes
by:
a.having regularly scheduled fasting blood glucose level testing.
b.adhering to weight reduction diets.
MED SURG III 3
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
c.exercising regularly.
d.using stress reduction techniques. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
The ADA recommends screening with a fasting blood glucose. The other options
are helpful with controlling diabetes but do not monitor for diabetes.
8. A patient recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus questions the nurse
about her increased thirst level. What should be included in the response by the
nurse?
a. Diabetes results in a lack of protein absorption causing reduced amino acids,
resulting in thirst.
b. Elevated levels of blood glucose pull cellular water into circulating volume.
c. Thirst results from the bodys increased loss of fluids through polyuria.
d. Appetites of both food and water signal the changes of diabetes. - Answer
✓✓ANS: B
Polydipsia is stimulated by cellular dehydration from the hyperglycemia pulling
intracellular fluid into the circulating volume.
9. The nurse is caring for a patient who was hospitalized with ketosis. The nurse
recognizes that the patient correctly understands the phenomenon when she
reports what about the condition?
a. I had taken too much insulin to decrease my bodys levels of glucose.
b. The condition resulted when my body tried to break down and use my stores of
fats.
c. When my blood glucose goes over 150 mg/dL, I am at risk for this condition.
d. I was exercising too much and had too sharp reductions in my blood glucose
level. - Answer ✓✓ANS: B
Persons with type 1 diabetes are more prone to a serious complication, ketosis,
associated with an excess production of ketone bodies, leading to ketoacidosis
(metabolic acidosis). When the glucose level gets too high the body attempts to
metabolize fats for energy, and the result is a buildup of ketone bodies.
MED SURG III 4
MED SURG III FINAL EXAM / NSG233
FINAL EXAM 2025/2026 COMPLETE
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES |GRADED A+||BRAND
NEW VERSION GUARANTEED PASS
Pdf Download
MED SURG III FINAL EXAM
1. The nurse explains to a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic that the beta cells can
no longer produce adequate insulin because:
a.they are inhibited by pituitary disorder.
b.an allergic response has altered their response to hyperglycemia.
c.alpha cells have proliferated in the islets of Langerhans.
d.the bodys immune system has destroyed them. - Answer ✓✓ANS: D
MED SURG III 1
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
In type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), the beta cells on the islets of Langerhans are
destroyed by an autoimmune reaction.
2. The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate that among diabetics, type 2
diabetics comprise up to _____% of all known cases.
a. 70
b. 75
c. 80
d. 95 - Answer ✓✓ANS: D
Type 2 diabetics comprise 90% to 95% of all known cases.
3. The nurse recognizes a need for further information when a young woman with
gestational diabetes says:
a. Gestational diabetes results from the hormonal changes of pregnancy.
b. I will need to exercise regularly and lose weight to reduce my risk of becoming
a diabetic.
c. Ill be free of diabetes when this baby is born.
d. The baby will have to be monitored for hypoglycemia during my pregnancy. -
Answer ✓✓ANS: C
Of the women who have gestational diabetes, 5% to 10% go on to develop type 2
diabetes.
4. A patient asks the nurse if stress can be a potential cause of type 2 diabetes.
What should be included in the response provided by the nurse?
a. Stress decreases the number of alpha cells in the pancreas, thus increasing the
workload on the beta cells.
b. Periods of stress cause increases in glycogen production by the adrenal cortex.
c. Stress is directly associated with decreased insulin tolerance.
MED SURG III 2
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
d. The inhibition of beta cells to glucose is increased in periods of stress. - Answer
✓✓ANS: B
Stress stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids, which can cause
hyperglycemia.
5. The nurse counsels the 30-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who is
overweight and noncompliant that control of diabetes would most improve if she
were to:
a. lose weight.
b. take more Glucophage.
c. eat a high-protein diet.
d. take insulin. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
Type 2 diabetes is prevalent in the obese. Of the known cases, 80% of them are
overweight. Loss of weight decreases hyperglycemia.
6. The patient inquires about the significance of islet cell antibodies. The nurses
most informative response is that islet cell antibodies:
a. will cause beta cells to quit producing insulin, resulting in diabetes mellitus
(DM).
b. protect beta cells from viral attack.
c. increase production of insulin from beta cells.
d. decrease the size of the pancreas. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
7. The nurse reinforces the American Diabetes Associations recommendation that
all people over age 45, especially if overweight, monitor themselves for diabetes
by:
a.having regularly scheduled fasting blood glucose level testing.
b.adhering to weight reduction diets.
MED SURG III 3
, MED SURG III FINAL EXAM 2025/2026
c.exercising regularly.
d.using stress reduction techniques. - Answer ✓✓ANS: A
The ADA recommends screening with a fasting blood glucose. The other options
are helpful with controlling diabetes but do not monitor for diabetes.
8. A patient recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus questions the nurse
about her increased thirst level. What should be included in the response by the
nurse?
a. Diabetes results in a lack of protein absorption causing reduced amino acids,
resulting in thirst.
b. Elevated levels of blood glucose pull cellular water into circulating volume.
c. Thirst results from the bodys increased loss of fluids through polyuria.
d. Appetites of both food and water signal the changes of diabetes. - Answer
✓✓ANS: B
Polydipsia is stimulated by cellular dehydration from the hyperglycemia pulling
intracellular fluid into the circulating volume.
9. The nurse is caring for a patient who was hospitalized with ketosis. The nurse
recognizes that the patient correctly understands the phenomenon when she
reports what about the condition?
a. I had taken too much insulin to decrease my bodys levels of glucose.
b. The condition resulted when my body tried to break down and use my stores of
fats.
c. When my blood glucose goes over 150 mg/dL, I am at risk for this condition.
d. I was exercising too much and had too sharp reductions in my blood glucose
level. - Answer ✓✓ANS: B
Persons with type 1 diabetes are more prone to a serious complication, ketosis,
associated with an excess production of ketone bodies, leading to ketoacidosis
(metabolic acidosis). When the glucose level gets too high the body attempts to
metabolize fats for energy, and the result is a buildup of ketone bodies.
MED SURG III 4
