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HOSA Biotechnology Study Guide
Questions and Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: Antibiotics, 🗹🗹: Molecular agents derived from fungi and/or bacteria that impede
the growth and survival of some other microorganisms
Q: Antibodies, 🗹🗹: Proteins developed by the immune system that recognize
specific molecules (antigens)
Q: Biochemistry, 🗹🗹: The study of chemical reactions occurring in living things
Q: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 🗹🗹: Nation research center to
improve public health
Q: Clinical trials, 🗹🗹: A strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and
safety of a medical treatment
Q: Cloning, 🗹🗹: Method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms
Q: Concentration, 🗹🗹: The amount of a substance as a proportion of another
substance
Q: Cystic Fibrosis, 🗹🗹: Genetic disorder that clogs the respiratory and digestive
system with mucus
Q: Data, 🗹🗹: Information gathered by documentation
Q: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), 🗹🗹: A double stranded helical molecule that stores
genetic information for the production of proteins
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Q: Diabetes, 🗹🗹: A disorder affecting the uptake of sugar by cells due to inadequate
insulin production or ineffective use of insulin
Q: DNA fingerprinting, 🗹🗹: An experimental technique that is commonly used to
identify individuals
Q: DNA ligase, 🗹🗹: An enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA
molecule
Q: E.coli, 🗹🗹: A rod-shaped bacterium native to the intestines of mammals;
commonly used in genetics researched and by biotechnology companies for the
development of products
Q: Efficacy, 🗹🗹: The ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product
does what it claims to do
Q: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 🗹🗹: The federal agency that enforces
environmental laws
Q: Ethics, 🗹🗹: The study of moral standards and how they affect conduct
Q: Fermentation, 🗹🗹: A process by which, in an oxygen deprived environment, a cell
converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol
Q: Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 🗹🗹: The federal agency that regulates the
use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and
medical devices
Q: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), 🗹🗹: An organism produced by genetic
engineering that contains DNA from another organism and produces new proteins
encoded on the acquire DNA
Q: Genetics, 🗹🗹: The study of genes and how they are inherited and expressed
HOSA Biotechnology Study Guide
Questions and Answers (Expert Solutions)
Q: Antibiotics, 🗹🗹: Molecular agents derived from fungi and/or bacteria that impede
the growth and survival of some other microorganisms
Q: Antibodies, 🗹🗹: Proteins developed by the immune system that recognize
specific molecules (antigens)
Q: Biochemistry, 🗹🗹: The study of chemical reactions occurring in living things
Q: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 🗹🗹: Nation research center to
improve public health
Q: Clinical trials, 🗹🗹: A strict series of tests that evaluates the effectiveness and
safety of a medical treatment
Q: Cloning, 🗹🗹: Method of asexual reproduction that produces identical organisms
Q: Concentration, 🗹🗹: The amount of a substance as a proportion of another
substance
Q: Cystic Fibrosis, 🗹🗹: Genetic disorder that clogs the respiratory and digestive
system with mucus
Q: Data, 🗹🗹: Information gathered by documentation
Q: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), 🗹🗹: A double stranded helical molecule that stores
genetic information for the production of proteins
, Page | 2
Q: Diabetes, 🗹🗹: A disorder affecting the uptake of sugar by cells due to inadequate
insulin production or ineffective use of insulin
Q: DNA fingerprinting, 🗹🗹: An experimental technique that is commonly used to
identify individuals
Q: DNA ligase, 🗹🗹: An enzyme that binds together disconnected strands of a DNA
molecule
Q: E.coli, 🗹🗹: A rod-shaped bacterium native to the intestines of mammals;
commonly used in genetics researched and by biotechnology companies for the
development of products
Q: Efficacy, 🗹🗹: The ability to yield a desired result or demonstrate that a product
does what it claims to do
Q: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 🗹🗹: The federal agency that enforces
environmental laws
Q: Ethics, 🗹🗹: The study of moral standards and how they affect conduct
Q: Fermentation, 🗹🗹: A process by which, in an oxygen deprived environment, a cell
converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol
Q: Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 🗹🗹: The federal agency that regulates the
use and production of food, feed, food additives, veterinary drugs, human drugs, and
medical devices
Q: Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO), 🗹🗹: An organism produced by genetic
engineering that contains DNA from another organism and produces new proteins
encoded on the acquire DNA
Q: Genetics, 🗹🗹: The study of genes and how they are inherited and expressed
