NSG 530
Advanced Pathophysiology 530 - Exam 3 Study
Questions with Accurate Answers 2025
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium,
ammonium, and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir -Correct Answer ✔B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle.
Which condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma -Correct Answer ✔A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. -Correct Answer ✔B) Symptoms
include painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria
in the urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract
that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria -Correct Answer ✔B) Pyelonephritis
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
NSG 530
,NSG 530
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella -Correct Answer ✔C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema
and vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis -Correct Answer ✔Nephrotic syndrome
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal
surface of the penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction -Correct Answer ✔Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and
receding chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis -Correct Answer ✔Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement
regarding this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. -Correct Answer ✔The exact mechanism
of immune complexes is unknown.
NSG 530
, NSG 530
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and
abdominal pain. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy -Correct Answer ✔Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli -Correct Answer ✔Fusion of the glomerular foot
processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal
pain. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis. -Correct Answer ✔acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
B) Kidney stones and Wilms' tumor
C) Kidney stones and warts
D) Urethral valves and warts -Correct Answer ✔Urethral valves and polyps
Which conditions are complications of a horseshoe kidney? (select all that apply)
A) Hydronephrosis
B) Hypospadias
C) Infection
D) Stone formation
E) Enuresis -Correct Answer ✔Hydronephrosis
Infection
NSG 530
Advanced Pathophysiology 530 - Exam 3 Study
Questions with Accurate Answers 2025
A patient is diagnosed with a kidney stone that is composed of magnesium,
ammonium, and phosphate. What type of urinary calculus is this?
A) Calcium
B) Struvite
C) Uric acid
D) Indinavir -Correct Answer ✔B) Struvite
A patient has uncontrolled or premature contractions of the detrusor muscle.
Which condition is associated with this medical problem?
A) Spinal cord injury
B) Immune system dysfunction
C) Congestive heart failure
D) Renal carcinoma -Correct Answer ✔A) Spinal cord injury
Which statement regarding renal cell carcinoma is correct?
A) It is associated with p53.
B) Symptoms include painless hematuria.
C) Early stages produce a large abdominal mass.
D) Granular cell tumors have better prognosis. -Correct Answer ✔B) Symptoms
include painless hematuria.
A patient who reports abdominal and back pain has been diagnosed with bacteria
in the urine. What is the appropriate term for involvement of the upper urinary tract
that is likely to cause such symptoms?
A) Cystitis
B) Pyelonephritis
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria -Correct Answer ✔B) Pyelonephritis
With which bacteria is acute glomerulonephritis associated?
NSG 530
,NSG 530
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus
C) Group A Streptococcus
D) Klebsiella -Correct Answer ✔C) Group A Streptococcus
A diabetic child with 4.0 g of protein in her urine each day is experiencing edema
and vitamin D deficiency. Which is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Nephrotic syndrome
C) Acute renal failure
D) Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis -Correct Answer ✔Nephrotic syndrome
A 2-month-old male patient presents with the urethral opening on the dorsal
surface of the penis. Which term is the correct name for this anomaly?
A) Hypospadias
B) Epispadias
C) Exstrophy
D) Ureteropelvic junction -Correct Answer ✔Epispadias
A patient presents with wide-set eyes, "parrot beak" nose, low-set ears, and
receding chin. What is the renal manifestation associated with this presentation?
A) Potter syndrome
B) Polycystic kidney disease
C) Infundibular stenosis
D) Megacalycosis -Correct Answer ✔Potter syndrome
A 6-year-old has just recovered from streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement
regarding this child's acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is true?
A) Antibody-antigen complexes of IgM, IgG, and IgA are deposited.
B) The exact mechanism of immune complexes is unknown.
C) There is decreased vascular permeability.
D) No signs of inflammation are present. -Correct Answer ✔The exact mechanism
of immune complexes is unknown.
NSG 530
, NSG 530
A patient presents with skin lesions as well as hematuria, proteinuria, and
abdominal pain. Which is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
A) Henoch-Schonlein purpura
B) Hemolytic uremic syndrome
C) Primary nephrotic syndrome
D) Minimal change nephropathy -Correct Answer ✔Henoch-Schonlein purpura
What is the cause of minimal change nephropathy?
A) Fusion of the glomerular foot processes
B) Verotoxin of E. coli
C) IgA deposition
D) Inflammation of the glomeruli -Correct Answer ✔Fusion of the glomerular foot
processes
A child whose kidneys are enlarged presents with chills, fever, and abdominal
pain. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) acute pyelonephritis.
B) vesicoureteral reflux.
C) urinary tract infection.
D) enuresis. -Correct Answer ✔acute pyelonephritis
What are the major causes of bladder outlet obstruction?
A) Urethral valves and polyps
B) Kidney stones and Wilms' tumor
C) Kidney stones and warts
D) Urethral valves and warts -Correct Answer ✔Urethral valves and polyps
Which conditions are complications of a horseshoe kidney? (select all that apply)
A) Hydronephrosis
B) Hypospadias
C) Infection
D) Stone formation
E) Enuresis -Correct Answer ✔Hydronephrosis
Infection
NSG 530
