PBHL 101 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
public health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the totality of all evidence-based public and private efforts that
preserve or promote health and prevent disease, disability, and death
population health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- health issues: physical and mental well-being, gene
modification, other novel health issues
- population: global interconnectedness of health issues
- society-wide concerns: environmental toxicity, transportation, cost of health care, global warming
- vulnerable populations: maternal and infant car, auto-immune disease
3 major approaches to population health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- healthcare systems (private
physicians, medical insurance)
- traditional public health (assessment, policy development, assurance)
- social interventions (health campaigns)
demographic transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the impact of falling childhood death rates and
extended life spans on the size and age distribution of populations
epidemiological transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅as social and economic development occurs,
different types of diseases become dominant
upstream intervention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interventions targeting the prior causes of health issues,
ie. putting taxes on cigarettes to prevent smoking
downstream intervention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interventions targeting after effects of health issues,
ie. treating someone for lung cancer as a result of smoking
vision and mission of Healthy People 2020 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- attain high-quality, longer lives free
of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
- achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
- create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
, - promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
P.E.R.I.E - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- evidence-based public health approach
- (P)roblem: what is the health problem?
- (E)tiology: what is/are the contributory cause(s)?
- (R)ecommendations: what works to reduce health impacts?
- (I)mplementation: how can we get the job done?
- (E)valuation: how well does/do the intervention(s) work in practice?
burden of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅occurrence of disability/death due to a disease
course of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅asks how often the disease occurs, how likely is it to be
present currently, and what happens once it occurs
distribution of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the frequency or pattern at which the disease occurs
morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅disease
mortality - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅death
infant mortality rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the rate of infant death
under-five mortality rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the rate of death in children and infants under five
years old
life expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the average period that a person may expect to live
incidence rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the chances of developing a disease over a period of time
public health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the totality of all evidence-based public and private efforts that
preserve or promote health and prevent disease, disability, and death
population health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- health issues: physical and mental well-being, gene
modification, other novel health issues
- population: global interconnectedness of health issues
- society-wide concerns: environmental toxicity, transportation, cost of health care, global warming
- vulnerable populations: maternal and infant car, auto-immune disease
3 major approaches to population health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- healthcare systems (private
physicians, medical insurance)
- traditional public health (assessment, policy development, assurance)
- social interventions (health campaigns)
demographic transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the impact of falling childhood death rates and
extended life spans on the size and age distribution of populations
epidemiological transition - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅as social and economic development occurs,
different types of diseases become dominant
upstream intervention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interventions targeting the prior causes of health issues,
ie. putting taxes on cigarettes to prevent smoking
downstream intervention - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅interventions targeting after effects of health issues,
ie. treating someone for lung cancer as a result of smoking
vision and mission of Healthy People 2020 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- attain high-quality, longer lives free
of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
- achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups
- create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
, - promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
P.E.R.I.E - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- evidence-based public health approach
- (P)roblem: what is the health problem?
- (E)tiology: what is/are the contributory cause(s)?
- (R)ecommendations: what works to reduce health impacts?
- (I)mplementation: how can we get the job done?
- (E)valuation: how well does/do the intervention(s) work in practice?
burden of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅occurrence of disability/death due to a disease
course of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅asks how often the disease occurs, how likely is it to be
present currently, and what happens once it occurs
distribution of disease - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the frequency or pattern at which the disease occurs
morbidity - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅disease
mortality - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅death
infant mortality rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the rate of infant death
under-five mortality rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the rate of death in children and infants under five
years old
life expectancy - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the average period that a person may expect to live
incidence rate - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅the chances of developing a disease over a period of time
