LJU4804 - Private International Law exam ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT!!|| GRADED A+|LATEST
UPDATE 2025/26
Sources of private international law -CORRECT ANSWER - domestic (national)
- international
Sources in domestic law -CORRECT ANSWER - national legislation
- case law (court decisions)
- custom
- general principle of law
Sources of international law -CORRECT ANSWER - international treaties and
conventions (multilateral or bilateral)
- derived law from international orgs (EU or Hague conference)
- model laws or soft laws (model laws, principles, non- binding guides)
Is PIL a national or international issue? -CORRECT ANSWER national
Which rule gives the State exclusive authority over PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER Article
149.1.8 of the Spanish Constitution
,Where do we find PIL rules in Spain? -CORRECT ANSWER - Preliminary Title of the
Civil Code (Articles 9 to 12)
- LOPJ (Organic Law on the Judiciary): regulates international jurisdiction
(Articles 21-25)
- International treaties ratified by Spain
- Case law from the Supreme Court and legal doctrine
What is the hierarchy of Spanish law? -CORRECT ANSWER 1. Spanish Constitution
(CE)
2. European Union Law (once adopted)
3. International treaties
4. Organic and ordinary laws
5. Decrees and regulations
6. Custom and general principles of law
What relevance does EU law have in PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER A lot! the EU has
legislative powers over PIL.
Since when does the EU have legislative powers over PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER
Since the treaty of Amsterdam (1997) and under the TFEU
, What is the current legal basis of EU PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER - Art. 81 TFEU: allows
judicial cooperation in civil matters (jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition of
judgments)
- Art. 67.4 TFEU: reinforces mutual recognition of court decisions across the EU
Which secondary (regulatory) instruments are key? -CORRECT ANSWER - Brussels I
bis Regulation (1215/2012): Jurisdiction and recognition of civil/commercial judgments
- Rome I Regulation (593/2008): Law applicable to contracts
- Rome II Regulation (864/2007): Law applicable to non-contractual obligations
- Rome III Regulation (1259/2010): Law applicable to divorce and separation
- Succession Regulation (650/2012) (also known as Rome IV or Brussels IV): Law
applicable to cross-border successions + European Certificate of Succession
- Insolvency Regulation (848/2015) and Brussels II ter (2019/1111) on family and
children
What international treaties has Spain signed? -CORRECT ANSWER - 1980 Vienna
Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG)
- CMR Convention on international road transport of goods
- Conventions from The Hague Conference (e.g., child abduction, successions,
child protection...)
What if there's no EU rule or bilateral treaty? -CORRECT ANSWER In that case,
Spanish national law applies, always following this hierarchy:
EXAM QUESTIONS AND WELL DETAILED
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT!!|| GRADED A+|LATEST
UPDATE 2025/26
Sources of private international law -CORRECT ANSWER - domestic (national)
- international
Sources in domestic law -CORRECT ANSWER - national legislation
- case law (court decisions)
- custom
- general principle of law
Sources of international law -CORRECT ANSWER - international treaties and
conventions (multilateral or bilateral)
- derived law from international orgs (EU or Hague conference)
- model laws or soft laws (model laws, principles, non- binding guides)
Is PIL a national or international issue? -CORRECT ANSWER national
Which rule gives the State exclusive authority over PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER Article
149.1.8 of the Spanish Constitution
,Where do we find PIL rules in Spain? -CORRECT ANSWER - Preliminary Title of the
Civil Code (Articles 9 to 12)
- LOPJ (Organic Law on the Judiciary): regulates international jurisdiction
(Articles 21-25)
- International treaties ratified by Spain
- Case law from the Supreme Court and legal doctrine
What is the hierarchy of Spanish law? -CORRECT ANSWER 1. Spanish Constitution
(CE)
2. European Union Law (once adopted)
3. International treaties
4. Organic and ordinary laws
5. Decrees and regulations
6. Custom and general principles of law
What relevance does EU law have in PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER A lot! the EU has
legislative powers over PIL.
Since when does the EU have legislative powers over PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER
Since the treaty of Amsterdam (1997) and under the TFEU
, What is the current legal basis of EU PIL? -CORRECT ANSWER - Art. 81 TFEU: allows
judicial cooperation in civil matters (jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition of
judgments)
- Art. 67.4 TFEU: reinforces mutual recognition of court decisions across the EU
Which secondary (regulatory) instruments are key? -CORRECT ANSWER - Brussels I
bis Regulation (1215/2012): Jurisdiction and recognition of civil/commercial judgments
- Rome I Regulation (593/2008): Law applicable to contracts
- Rome II Regulation (864/2007): Law applicable to non-contractual obligations
- Rome III Regulation (1259/2010): Law applicable to divorce and separation
- Succession Regulation (650/2012) (also known as Rome IV or Brussels IV): Law
applicable to cross-border successions + European Certificate of Succession
- Insolvency Regulation (848/2015) and Brussels II ter (2019/1111) on family and
children
What international treaties has Spain signed? -CORRECT ANSWER - 1980 Vienna
Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG)
- CMR Convention on international road transport of goods
- Conventions from The Hague Conference (e.g., child abduction, successions,
child protection...)
What if there's no EU rule or bilateral treaty? -CORRECT ANSWER In that case,
Spanish national law applies, always following this hierarchy:
