PN 140 Final Exam NCLEX Practice Questions and
Answers
2025 Update Questions and Answers |With
100% Verified Solutions | Updated &
Verified | 2025
What does the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client receiving a
beta blocker for treatment of angina?
A) Discontinue drug if heart rate <60.
B) Do not discontinue drug abruptly.
C) Exercise heart rate should be 110-120.
D) Monitor for hyperglycemia. - ✔ANASWER✔-B) Do not discontinue
drug abruptly.
,Rationale: Beta blocker treatment should never be abruptly
discontinued. With abrupt cessation, a rebound excitation occurs, and
adrenergic receptors are stimulated. This can exacerbate angina,
increase heart rate, and cause myocardial infarction. Clients often
tolerate heart rates as low as 50. The beta blocker might blunt the
compensatory increase in heart rate with exercise. Hypoglycemia can
occur.
A nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
The client begins to cry and tells the nurse that she is afraid that her
skin will be disfigured with lesions. Which intervention does the nurse
plan to teach this client to minimize skin infections associated with SLE?
Select all that apply.
A) Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or greater.
B) Remain indoors on sunny days.
C) Avoid swimming in a pool or the ocean.
D) Avoid sun exposure between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.
E) Decrease sun exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. -
✔ANASWER✔-Answer: A, D
Rationale: The nurse teaches the client to live a normal life with a few
extra precautions. There is a relationship between sun exposure and
infection, so the client is taught to use sunscreen with an SPF of at least
15 and to avoid the sun between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The client
may swim but should reapply sunscreen after swimming. The client
,does not need to stay indoors on sunny days or to decrease sun
exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.
A patient on a medical unit has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What is
the priority action that the nurse should take?
a. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.
b. Check the patient's BP.
c. Instruct the patient to avoid high-potassium foods.
d. Call the lab and request a redraw of the lab to verify results. -
✔ANASWER✔-a. Dysrhythmias may occur with an elevated potassium
level and are potentially lethal. Monitor the rhythm while contacting
physician or calling the rapid response team.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with CKD. You understand that this
condition is characterized by
A. Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. A rapid decrease in urinary output with an elevated BUN level
C. Increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urinary output
D. Prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent
death - ✔ANASWER✔-A.
Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
, CKD involves progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function.
Measures indicated in the conservative therapy of CKD include
A. decreased fluid intake, carbohydrate intake, and protein intake.
B. increased fluid intake; decreased carbohydrate intake and protein
intake.
C. decreased fluid intake and protein intake; increased carbohydrate
intake.
D. decreased fluid intake and carbohydrate intake; increased protein
intake. - ✔ANASWER✔-C. decreased fluid intake and protein intake;
increased carbohydrate intake.
Water and any other fluids are not routinely restricted in the pre-end-
stage renal disease (ESRD) stages. Patients on hemodialysis have a
more restricted diet than patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. For
those receiving hemodialysis, as their urinary output diminishes, fluid
restrictions are enhanced. Intake depends on the daily urine output.
Generally, 600 mL (from insensible loss) plus an amount equal to the
previous day's urine output is allowed for a patient receiving
hemodialysis. Patients are advised to limit fluid intake so that weight
gains are no more than 1 to 3 kg between dialyses (interdialytic weight
gain). For the patient who is undergoing dialysis, protein is not routinely
restricted. The beneficial role of protein restriction in CKD stages 1
through 4 as a means to reduce the decline in kidney function is being
studied. Historically, dietary counseling often encouraged restriction of
protein for CKD patients. Although there is some evidence that protein
Answers
2025 Update Questions and Answers |With
100% Verified Solutions | Updated &
Verified | 2025
What does the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client receiving a
beta blocker for treatment of angina?
A) Discontinue drug if heart rate <60.
B) Do not discontinue drug abruptly.
C) Exercise heart rate should be 110-120.
D) Monitor for hyperglycemia. - ✔ANASWER✔-B) Do not discontinue
drug abruptly.
,Rationale: Beta blocker treatment should never be abruptly
discontinued. With abrupt cessation, a rebound excitation occurs, and
adrenergic receptors are stimulated. This can exacerbate angina,
increase heart rate, and cause myocardial infarction. Clients often
tolerate heart rates as low as 50. The beta blocker might blunt the
compensatory increase in heart rate with exercise. Hypoglycemia can
occur.
A nurse is caring for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
The client begins to cry and tells the nurse that she is afraid that her
skin will be disfigured with lesions. Which intervention does the nurse
plan to teach this client to minimize skin infections associated with SLE?
Select all that apply.
A) Use sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or greater.
B) Remain indoors on sunny days.
C) Avoid swimming in a pool or the ocean.
D) Avoid sun exposure between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.
E) Decrease sun exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. -
✔ANASWER✔-Answer: A, D
Rationale: The nurse teaches the client to live a normal life with a few
extra precautions. There is a relationship between sun exposure and
infection, so the client is taught to use sunscreen with an SPF of at least
15 and to avoid the sun between 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. The client
may swim but should reapply sunscreen after swimming. The client
,does not need to stay indoors on sunny days or to decrease sun
exposure between 3:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.
A patient on a medical unit has a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. What is
the priority action that the nurse should take?
a. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.
b. Check the patient's BP.
c. Instruct the patient to avoid high-potassium foods.
d. Call the lab and request a redraw of the lab to verify results. -
✔ANASWER✔-a. Dysrhythmias may occur with an elevated potassium
level and are potentially lethal. Monitor the rhythm while contacting
physician or calling the rapid response team.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with CKD. You understand that this
condition is characterized by
A. Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. A rapid decrease in urinary output with an elevated BUN level
C. Increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urinary output
D. Prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent
death - ✔ANASWER✔-A.
Progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
, CKD involves progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function.
Measures indicated in the conservative therapy of CKD include
A. decreased fluid intake, carbohydrate intake, and protein intake.
B. increased fluid intake; decreased carbohydrate intake and protein
intake.
C. decreased fluid intake and protein intake; increased carbohydrate
intake.
D. decreased fluid intake and carbohydrate intake; increased protein
intake. - ✔ANASWER✔-C. decreased fluid intake and protein intake;
increased carbohydrate intake.
Water and any other fluids are not routinely restricted in the pre-end-
stage renal disease (ESRD) stages. Patients on hemodialysis have a
more restricted diet than patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. For
those receiving hemodialysis, as their urinary output diminishes, fluid
restrictions are enhanced. Intake depends on the daily urine output.
Generally, 600 mL (from insensible loss) plus an amount equal to the
previous day's urine output is allowed for a patient receiving
hemodialysis. Patients are advised to limit fluid intake so that weight
gains are no more than 1 to 3 kg between dialyses (interdialytic weight
gain). For the patient who is undergoing dialysis, protein is not routinely
restricted. The beneficial role of protein restriction in CKD stages 1
through 4 as a means to reduce the decline in kidney function is being
studied. Historically, dietary counseling often encouraged restriction of
protein for CKD patients. Although there is some evidence that protein
