NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
What to give for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) - ANSWERS-
Bromocriptine (Parlodel) and Dantorlene (Dantirum)
Codeine Sulfate - ANSWERS-Opioid Analgesic (agonist) and
Antitussive
Rapid onset if IM or IV (peak 1-2 hours)
Duration: up to 7 hours
Treats mild to severe pain and hyperactive cough
Most oral preps combined with ASA or acetaminophen
Side Effects: constipation, urinary retention, dizziness, lightheadedness
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: resp. depression, resp. arrest, circulatory
depression, ICP
Long-term use may cause withdrawal symptoms when stopped
Assess for: respirations (hold if <12), CNS changes, allergic rxn
Teach: no EtOH, no OTC pain meds unless ordered, and avoid driving
until response is known
END OF
PAGE
1
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Contraindicated: hypersensitivity, increased ICP, head injury, acute
alcoholism, labor
Cyanocobalamin (Vitmain B12) - ANSWERS-Half-life = 6 days
Helps in formation of RBCs - essential for proper production of
platelets, RBCs, WBCs, and nervous system
Used w/: malabsorption syndrome and pernicious anemia
Water-soluble vitamin stored in liver
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: anaphylactic shock, sudden death, severe
optic nerve atrophy (after years of use or w/ Leber's disease)
Injection is 1x/month for life w/ pernicious anemia
Oral preps may be mixed w/ fruit juice but give immediately since
vitamin C affects its stability
Dietary B12: organ meats, egg yolk, clams, oysters, crabs, sardines,
salmon
Contraindications: HS, lactation
END OF
PAGE
2
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) - ANSWERS-Immunosupressant
Metabolized in liver
Peak = 4-5 hours
Duration = 20-54 hours
Half-life = 19-27 hours
Inhibits Helper T's and T suppressor cells
Prevents rejection of kidney, liver, and heart transplants
Treats chronic rejection in people who have received
immunosuppressive agents, RA, recalcitrant plaque psoriasis
Side Effects: HTN, increased risk of infection, tremor (expected)
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: renal toxicity, hepatotoxicity
Monitor AST, ALT, BUN, Cr., Platelets, and K
Take w/ food to reduce GI upset - mix w/ chocolate mil or OJ but not
grapefruit juice
Mix in glass not plastic
Avoid use of live vaccines
END OF
PAGE
3
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Prevent infection and report s/s
Immunosupressant precautions
Contraindications: pregnant/lactating, antieplieptic meds (decrease
levels), oral contraceptives (increase levels)
Use cautiously w/ renal/hepatic impairment
Debrox Drops - ANSWERS-Ear drops to dewax
Used to soften & loosen ear wax
Side Effects: temporarily decreases hearing after, mild feeling of
fullness sin ear, mild itching in ear
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: emergency help w/ allergic rxn - hives,
difficulty breathing, swelling of face, lips, tongue, throat
Tilt head w/ ear facing up - pull back on ear and drop into canal
After using stay lying down w/ head tilted for 5 minutes - may use small
piece of cotton to plug ear
Bubbling sound may be heard
END OF
PAGE
4
EXAM
What to give for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) - ANSWERS-
Bromocriptine (Parlodel) and Dantorlene (Dantirum)
Codeine Sulfate - ANSWERS-Opioid Analgesic (agonist) and
Antitussive
Rapid onset if IM or IV (peak 1-2 hours)
Duration: up to 7 hours
Treats mild to severe pain and hyperactive cough
Most oral preps combined with ASA or acetaminophen
Side Effects: constipation, urinary retention, dizziness, lightheadedness
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: resp. depression, resp. arrest, circulatory
depression, ICP
Long-term use may cause withdrawal symptoms when stopped
Assess for: respirations (hold if <12), CNS changes, allergic rxn
Teach: no EtOH, no OTC pain meds unless ordered, and avoid driving
until response is known
END OF
PAGE
1
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Contraindicated: hypersensitivity, increased ICP, head injury, acute
alcoholism, labor
Cyanocobalamin (Vitmain B12) - ANSWERS-Half-life = 6 days
Helps in formation of RBCs - essential for proper production of
platelets, RBCs, WBCs, and nervous system
Used w/: malabsorption syndrome and pernicious anemia
Water-soluble vitamin stored in liver
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: anaphylactic shock, sudden death, severe
optic nerve atrophy (after years of use or w/ Leber's disease)
Injection is 1x/month for life w/ pernicious anemia
Oral preps may be mixed w/ fruit juice but give immediately since
vitamin C affects its stability
Dietary B12: organ meats, egg yolk, clams, oysters, crabs, sardines,
salmon
Contraindications: HS, lactation
END OF
PAGE
2
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) - ANSWERS-Immunosupressant
Metabolized in liver
Peak = 4-5 hours
Duration = 20-54 hours
Half-life = 19-27 hours
Inhibits Helper T's and T suppressor cells
Prevents rejection of kidney, liver, and heart transplants
Treats chronic rejection in people who have received
immunosuppressive agents, RA, recalcitrant plaque psoriasis
Side Effects: HTN, increased risk of infection, tremor (expected)
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: renal toxicity, hepatotoxicity
Monitor AST, ALT, BUN, Cr., Platelets, and K
Take w/ food to reduce GI upset - mix w/ chocolate mil or OJ but not
grapefruit juice
Mix in glass not plastic
Avoid use of live vaccines
END OF
PAGE
3
, NLN MEDICATION LATEST
EXAM
Prevent infection and report s/s
Immunosupressant precautions
Contraindications: pregnant/lactating, antieplieptic meds (decrease
levels), oral contraceptives (increase levels)
Use cautiously w/ renal/hepatic impairment
Debrox Drops - ANSWERS-Ear drops to dewax
Used to soften & loosen ear wax
Side Effects: temporarily decreases hearing after, mild feeling of
fullness sin ear, mild itching in ear
Adverse Effects/Toxicity: emergency help w/ allergic rxn - hives,
difficulty breathing, swelling of face, lips, tongue, throat
Tilt head w/ ear facing up - pull back on ear and drop into canal
After using stay lying down w/ head tilted for 5 minutes - may use small
piece of cotton to plug ear
Bubbling sound may be heard
END OF
PAGE
4
