NSG 233 MED SURG 1 EXAM 1 2025\2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS[VERIFIED
ANSWERS]
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? -
correct answer-Whenever a pt is hemorrhaging—
whether externally or internally—a loss of
circulating blood results in a fluid volume deficit &
decreased cardiac output. Therefore, fluid
replacement is imperative to maintain circulation.
Typically, two large-gauge IV catheters are
inserted, preferably in an uninjured extremity, to
provide a means for fluid & blood replacement.
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? -
correct answer-· Replacement fluids may include
isotonic electrolyte solutions (e.g., lactated
Ringer's, normal saline), colloids, & blood
component therapy.
,Packed RBC are infused when there is massive
blood loss, which may also necessitate
transfusion of other blood components, including
platelets & clotting factors.
Violence in the ED - correct answer-Precautions
to take in order to avoid injury include:
· For prisoners, the hand or ankle restraint
(handcuff) is never released, & a guard is always
present in the room.
· Nonrestraint techniques should be tried when
possible—e.g., talking w/ the pt, minimizing
environmental stimulation.
·
Pts from prison & those who are under guard
need to be handcuffed to the bed & appropriately
assessed to ensure the safety of hospital staff &
other pts.
Family Focused Interventions - correct answer-
Allow family to be present!
The family is kept informed about where the pt is,
how he or she is doing, & the care that is being
given.
, Encouraging family members to stay w/ the pt,
when possible, also helps allay their anxieties.
Reversal agents of anticoagulants? - correct
answer-Protamine sulfate is an antidote for
standard heparin and LMWHs.
· A single dose should not exceed 50 mg
· The drug is given by slow IV infusion over at
least 10 min
Heat Exhaustion Treatment - correct answer-Most
importantly, immediate ingestion and eventually
IV replacement of large quantities of water, and
placement in a cool environment is helpful as well.
Heat Exhaustion prevention - correct answer-
Preventing Heat-Induced Illnesses
· Maintain adequate fluid intake, wear loose
clothing, and reduce activity in hot weather.
· Monitor fluid losses and weight loss during
workout activities or exercise and replace fluids
and electrolytes.
Plan outdoor activities to avoid the hottest part of
the day (between 10 AM and 2 PM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS[VERIFIED
ANSWERS]
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? -
correct answer-Whenever a pt is hemorrhaging—
whether externally or internally—a loss of
circulating blood results in a fluid volume deficit &
decreased cardiac output. Therefore, fluid
replacement is imperative to maintain circulation.
Typically, two large-gauge IV catheters are
inserted, preferably in an uninjured extremity, to
provide a means for fluid & blood replacement.
Fluid Management of hypovolemic Shock? -
correct answer-· Replacement fluids may include
isotonic electrolyte solutions (e.g., lactated
Ringer's, normal saline), colloids, & blood
component therapy.
,Packed RBC are infused when there is massive
blood loss, which may also necessitate
transfusion of other blood components, including
platelets & clotting factors.
Violence in the ED - correct answer-Precautions
to take in order to avoid injury include:
· For prisoners, the hand or ankle restraint
(handcuff) is never released, & a guard is always
present in the room.
· Nonrestraint techniques should be tried when
possible—e.g., talking w/ the pt, minimizing
environmental stimulation.
·
Pts from prison & those who are under guard
need to be handcuffed to the bed & appropriately
assessed to ensure the safety of hospital staff &
other pts.
Family Focused Interventions - correct answer-
Allow family to be present!
The family is kept informed about where the pt is,
how he or she is doing, & the care that is being
given.
, Encouraging family members to stay w/ the pt,
when possible, also helps allay their anxieties.
Reversal agents of anticoagulants? - correct
answer-Protamine sulfate is an antidote for
standard heparin and LMWHs.
· A single dose should not exceed 50 mg
· The drug is given by slow IV infusion over at
least 10 min
Heat Exhaustion Treatment - correct answer-Most
importantly, immediate ingestion and eventually
IV replacement of large quantities of water, and
placement in a cool environment is helpful as well.
Heat Exhaustion prevention - correct answer-
Preventing Heat-Induced Illnesses
· Maintain adequate fluid intake, wear loose
clothing, and reduce activity in hot weather.
· Monitor fluid losses and weight loss during
workout activities or exercise and replace fluids
and electrolytes.
Plan outdoor activities to avoid the hottest part of
the day (between 10 AM and 2 PM
