GCSE AQA May 2024 Sociology Paper 1 Paper 2 Including Both Mark Schemes Questions and Answers
Fully Solved
Reliable - AnswersResults are consistent and believed to be true
Ethical - AnswersTreating the participants in a morally acceptable way
Hawhorne Effect - AnswersResearcher effect
Participants change their behaviour because they know they're being studied
Representative - AnswersParticipants are a form of accurate sample of the whole population
Valid - AnswersMeasures what it's supposed to - and is believed to be true
Primary research - AnswersResearcher collects data themselves
Examples of primary research - AnswersQuestionnaires, interviews, observations, experiments
Strengths of primary research - AnswersMore valid
First hand - more likely to be accurate
Info likely to be relevant
Weaknesses of primary research - AnswersLess reliable
Time consuming
Expensive
Difficult to collect a lot of info
Secondary research - AnswersResearchers use data collected by someone else
Examples of secondary research - AnswersOfficial statistics, media reports, blogs, forums, letters, e-
mails, profile pages, research studies, diaries
Strengths of secondary research - AnswersMore reliable
Quick, cheap
Lots of sources available
Weaknesses of secondary research - AnswersLess valid
Info may be biased
May be out of date
, May not be the right topic you are looking at
Questionnaires - Answersa set of written questions completed by someone of your sample
Interviews - Answersa one-to-one discussion with someone of your sample
Observations - Answerswatching participant to investigate behaviour
Experiments - Answerssituations designed to test participants
Statistics - AnswersQuantitative data collected by official organisations, private companies or other
researchers
Media reports, blogs, forums - Answerswritten reports and commentaries by journalists and other
people
Letters, emails, profile pages - Answerspersonal correspondence between people
Research studies - Answersstudies conducted by other researchers
Quantitative - Answersnumerical data - numbers, measurements
Qualitative - Answersworded data - description, pictures
Sampling method - Answershow a sample is selected
Stratified sampling - Answerspicking people from different groups within population
e.g. different genders, ethnicities, ages, social classes)
Strengths of stratified sampling - Answerssample is representative and gives full point of view from
different groups in population
Weaknesses of stratified sampling - AnswersTime consuming to select sample than use other sampling
methods
Random Sampling - Answerssample selected by picking names out of hat or computer
Like the national lottery balls
Strengths of random sampling - Answersno researcher bias
equal chance of being selected
quick and easy
Weaknesses of random sampling - Answersmight be all the same sort of people - e.g. all males
not representative to whole population
Fully Solved
Reliable - AnswersResults are consistent and believed to be true
Ethical - AnswersTreating the participants in a morally acceptable way
Hawhorne Effect - AnswersResearcher effect
Participants change their behaviour because they know they're being studied
Representative - AnswersParticipants are a form of accurate sample of the whole population
Valid - AnswersMeasures what it's supposed to - and is believed to be true
Primary research - AnswersResearcher collects data themselves
Examples of primary research - AnswersQuestionnaires, interviews, observations, experiments
Strengths of primary research - AnswersMore valid
First hand - more likely to be accurate
Info likely to be relevant
Weaknesses of primary research - AnswersLess reliable
Time consuming
Expensive
Difficult to collect a lot of info
Secondary research - AnswersResearchers use data collected by someone else
Examples of secondary research - AnswersOfficial statistics, media reports, blogs, forums, letters, e-
mails, profile pages, research studies, diaries
Strengths of secondary research - AnswersMore reliable
Quick, cheap
Lots of sources available
Weaknesses of secondary research - AnswersLess valid
Info may be biased
May be out of date
, May not be the right topic you are looking at
Questionnaires - Answersa set of written questions completed by someone of your sample
Interviews - Answersa one-to-one discussion with someone of your sample
Observations - Answerswatching participant to investigate behaviour
Experiments - Answerssituations designed to test participants
Statistics - AnswersQuantitative data collected by official organisations, private companies or other
researchers
Media reports, blogs, forums - Answerswritten reports and commentaries by journalists and other
people
Letters, emails, profile pages - Answerspersonal correspondence between people
Research studies - Answersstudies conducted by other researchers
Quantitative - Answersnumerical data - numbers, measurements
Qualitative - Answersworded data - description, pictures
Sampling method - Answershow a sample is selected
Stratified sampling - Answerspicking people from different groups within population
e.g. different genders, ethnicities, ages, social classes)
Strengths of stratified sampling - Answerssample is representative and gives full point of view from
different groups in population
Weaknesses of stratified sampling - AnswersTime consuming to select sample than use other sampling
methods
Random Sampling - Answerssample selected by picking names out of hat or computer
Like the national lottery balls
Strengths of random sampling - Answersno researcher bias
equal chance of being selected
quick and easy
Weaknesses of random sampling - Answersmight be all the same sort of people - e.g. all males
not representative to whole population
