"PSY 202: LIFESPAN DEVELOPMENT FINAL
EXAMINATION
True - answers✔✔A sample is ALWAYS smaller than a population
Census - answers✔✔if researchers measure EVERY member of a population, they have
conducted a _____________.
Multistage sample - answers✔✔Dr. Smith is an educational psychologist interested in students'
attitudes toward science and the effect of those attitudes on performance on standardized
tests. He chooses his local school district to study. There are 15 high schools, and he randomly
chooses five. Then, of the 2,500 students in each of those five schools, he randomly recruits 250
students. This is an example of which of the following sampling techniques?
Snowball sampling - answers✔✔Dr. Chandler is a personality psychologist who is interested in
studying the characteristics of people who report being abducted by UFOs. She finds several
people in an online support group for UFO abductees to participate and asks them if they can
provide the names and contact information of other people who have also been abducted.
Upon contacting these new participants, she asks them to refer her to even more people they
may know who have been abducted. This is an example of what kind of sampling?
All members of the population are equally likely to be represented in the sample -
answers✔✔Why do studies that use probability samples have excellent external validity?
Stratified random sampling - answers✔✔Oversampling is a variant used in which of the
following sampling techniques?
, Random assignment is necessary for internal validity, whereas random sampling is necessary for
external validity - answers✔✔Which of the following statements is true of random assignment
and random sampling?
Margin of error - answers✔✔Dr. Cyril conducts a simple random sample of 500 men who
became fathers for the first time in the past year. He finds that 23% of them report being unsure
of their ability to be good fathers, plus or minus 4%. What is another term for the 4% value?
A bar graph - answers✔✔Which of the following graph formats is the best way to examine an
association claim between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable?
Probability - answers✔✔Which of the following terms is can NOT be used interchangeably with
biased sampling techniques.
When the study has life-or-death implications - answers✔✔In which of the following cases
might a small effect still be important?
Martin used a larger number of subjects - answers✔✔Martin has found a correlation of r = .18
between the two variables of using prescription stimulants (e.g., Adderall) and frontal lobe
activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
B. They have the biggest effect when dealing with large sample sizes - answers✔✔All of the
following are true of outliers EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. They are especially problematic when there are outliers on both variables
b. They have the biggest effect when dealing with large sample sizes
c. They can affect the direction of an association
d. They can affect the strength of an association
EXAMINATION
True - answers✔✔A sample is ALWAYS smaller than a population
Census - answers✔✔if researchers measure EVERY member of a population, they have
conducted a _____________.
Multistage sample - answers✔✔Dr. Smith is an educational psychologist interested in students'
attitudes toward science and the effect of those attitudes on performance on standardized
tests. He chooses his local school district to study. There are 15 high schools, and he randomly
chooses five. Then, of the 2,500 students in each of those five schools, he randomly recruits 250
students. This is an example of which of the following sampling techniques?
Snowball sampling - answers✔✔Dr. Chandler is a personality psychologist who is interested in
studying the characteristics of people who report being abducted by UFOs. She finds several
people in an online support group for UFO abductees to participate and asks them if they can
provide the names and contact information of other people who have also been abducted.
Upon contacting these new participants, she asks them to refer her to even more people they
may know who have been abducted. This is an example of what kind of sampling?
All members of the population are equally likely to be represented in the sample -
answers✔✔Why do studies that use probability samples have excellent external validity?
Stratified random sampling - answers✔✔Oversampling is a variant used in which of the
following sampling techniques?
, Random assignment is necessary for internal validity, whereas random sampling is necessary for
external validity - answers✔✔Which of the following statements is true of random assignment
and random sampling?
Margin of error - answers✔✔Dr. Cyril conducts a simple random sample of 500 men who
became fathers for the first time in the past year. He finds that 23% of them report being unsure
of their ability to be good fathers, plus or minus 4%. What is another term for the 4% value?
A bar graph - answers✔✔Which of the following graph formats is the best way to examine an
association claim between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable?
Probability - answers✔✔Which of the following terms is can NOT be used interchangeably with
biased sampling techniques.
When the study has life-or-death implications - answers✔✔In which of the following cases
might a small effect still be important?
Martin used a larger number of subjects - answers✔✔Martin has found a correlation of r = .18
between the two variables of using prescription stimulants (e.g., Adderall) and frontal lobe
activity. This correlation is more likely to be statistically significant if:
B. They have the biggest effect when dealing with large sample sizes - answers✔✔All of the
following are true of outliers EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. They are especially problematic when there are outliers on both variables
b. They have the biggest effect when dealing with large sample sizes
c. They can affect the direction of an association
d. They can affect the strength of an association
