PORTAGE LEARNING PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
NURS 231 BIOD 331 FINAL EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS || LATEST
VERSION!!!
Which of the following respresents acute respiratory failure?
a) pH 7.56, pCO2 28, paO2 70, HCO3 25, SaO2 91%
b) pH 7.22, pCO2 59, paO2 59, HCO3 28, SaO2 84% - ANSWER-b) pH 7.22,
pCO2 59, paO2 59, HCO3 28, SaO2 84%
*pt is in resp acidosis with some metabolic compensation with severe
hypoxemia.
*Pt meets the criteria for resp failure bc PaO2 <60 OR PaCO2 >45 & SaO2
<90%
What assessment findings other than resp symptoms would the nurse expect for
pt in acute rep failure (think resp acidosis & hypoxemia) - ANSWER--
tachycardia
-dysrhythmias likely
-hypotension
-altered/decreased LOC
-muscle weakness, hyporeflexia
*bc hyperkalemia & hypercalcemia cause weak & floppy muscles; CO2
vasodilator & CNS depressant
,Pt was admitted w ARDS & is being mechanically ventilated w ET tube. Resp
therapist increase PEEP to 10 since pt was still in resp acidosis. Then bedside
alarm goes off & you see HR has increase to 125 and BP dropped to 88/58.
What are the 2 possible causes? - ANSWER-Decreased CO from either:
1) reduction in SV from increased thoracic pressure
2) barotrauma leading to (tension) pneumothorax
If mechanically vented pts bedside alarm goes off & nurse sees pts HR
increased & BP dropped, what manifestations indicate whether it was caused by
a tension pneumothorax or a reduction in SV from thoracic pressure?
*2 causes of decreased CO are tension pneumothorax and decreased SV -
ANSWER-Tension pneumothorax:
-high pressure alarm
-rapidly declining SpO2
-rapidly declining BP
-unequal chest expansion
-absent breath sounds on one side
Reduction in SV:
-no alarm bc no effect on vent pressure
-stable SpO2
-equal chest expansion & breath sounds
*no matter the cause tho, nurse's initial action for pt w sudden drop BP is the
take pt off ven & manually ambubag & call for help
What is the priority action for nurse taking care of pt that's bedside alarm is
going off showing a sudden drop in BP and increased HR?
a) could be a tension pneumothorax, listen to lung sounds & chest expansion
b) could be reduction in SV, check HR & skin color
,c) could be either, make sure to lower HOB & apply O2
d) it doesn't matter the cause, just take pt off the vent & manually ambubag -
ANSWER-d) it doesn't matter the cause, just take pt off the vent & manually
ambubag
Match the following cranial nerves to the assessment:
a) CN I
b) CN II
c) CN III, IV, VI
d) CN V
e) CN VII
f) CN VIII
g) CN IX, X
h) CN XI
i) CN XII
___= tongue movement
___=hearing and equilibrium
___= vision
___= movement of trapezius and sternomastoid
___= smell___= taste and fascial muscles
___= eye movement
___= chewing and face sensation - ANSWER-__i__= tongue movement
(hypoglossal)
__f__=hearing and equilibrium (acoustic)
__b__= vision (optic)
__h__= movement of trapezius and sternomastoid (spinal accessory muscles)
__a__= smell (olfactory)
__e__= taste and fascial muscles (fascial)
, __c__= eye movement (occulomotor, trochlear, abducens)
__d__= chewing and face sensation (trigeminal)
__g__=talking and swallowing (glossopharyngeal and vagus)
What condition is the whole bodies response due to poor cellular oxygenation? -
ANSWER-Hypoperfusion; shock
*can be fatal
Match the classification of shock
1) ____ not enough blood volume (tank is low) ex: hemorrhage or severe
dehydration
2) ___ LV so weak that doesn't eject enough blood to support perfusion (pump
problem) ex: acute MI
3) ___ vasodilation; relative hypovolemia ex: sepsis
4) ____ constriction around heart doesn't allow blood to get out ex: cardiac
tamponade, tension pneumothorax
a) cardiogenic
b) distributive
c) hypovolemic
d) obstructive - ANSWER-1) c) hypovolemic
2) a) cardiogenic
3) b) distributive
4) d) obstructive
Match the following types of shock with what causes it
1) hemorrhage
2) cardiac tamponade
NURS 231 BIOD 331 FINAL EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS|| GUARANTEED PASS || LATEST
VERSION!!!
Which of the following respresents acute respiratory failure?
a) pH 7.56, pCO2 28, paO2 70, HCO3 25, SaO2 91%
b) pH 7.22, pCO2 59, paO2 59, HCO3 28, SaO2 84% - ANSWER-b) pH 7.22,
pCO2 59, paO2 59, HCO3 28, SaO2 84%
*pt is in resp acidosis with some metabolic compensation with severe
hypoxemia.
*Pt meets the criteria for resp failure bc PaO2 <60 OR PaCO2 >45 & SaO2
<90%
What assessment findings other than resp symptoms would the nurse expect for
pt in acute rep failure (think resp acidosis & hypoxemia) - ANSWER--
tachycardia
-dysrhythmias likely
-hypotension
-altered/decreased LOC
-muscle weakness, hyporeflexia
*bc hyperkalemia & hypercalcemia cause weak & floppy muscles; CO2
vasodilator & CNS depressant
,Pt was admitted w ARDS & is being mechanically ventilated w ET tube. Resp
therapist increase PEEP to 10 since pt was still in resp acidosis. Then bedside
alarm goes off & you see HR has increase to 125 and BP dropped to 88/58.
What are the 2 possible causes? - ANSWER-Decreased CO from either:
1) reduction in SV from increased thoracic pressure
2) barotrauma leading to (tension) pneumothorax
If mechanically vented pts bedside alarm goes off & nurse sees pts HR
increased & BP dropped, what manifestations indicate whether it was caused by
a tension pneumothorax or a reduction in SV from thoracic pressure?
*2 causes of decreased CO are tension pneumothorax and decreased SV -
ANSWER-Tension pneumothorax:
-high pressure alarm
-rapidly declining SpO2
-rapidly declining BP
-unequal chest expansion
-absent breath sounds on one side
Reduction in SV:
-no alarm bc no effect on vent pressure
-stable SpO2
-equal chest expansion & breath sounds
*no matter the cause tho, nurse's initial action for pt w sudden drop BP is the
take pt off ven & manually ambubag & call for help
What is the priority action for nurse taking care of pt that's bedside alarm is
going off showing a sudden drop in BP and increased HR?
a) could be a tension pneumothorax, listen to lung sounds & chest expansion
b) could be reduction in SV, check HR & skin color
,c) could be either, make sure to lower HOB & apply O2
d) it doesn't matter the cause, just take pt off the vent & manually ambubag -
ANSWER-d) it doesn't matter the cause, just take pt off the vent & manually
ambubag
Match the following cranial nerves to the assessment:
a) CN I
b) CN II
c) CN III, IV, VI
d) CN V
e) CN VII
f) CN VIII
g) CN IX, X
h) CN XI
i) CN XII
___= tongue movement
___=hearing and equilibrium
___= vision
___= movement of trapezius and sternomastoid
___= smell___= taste and fascial muscles
___= eye movement
___= chewing and face sensation - ANSWER-__i__= tongue movement
(hypoglossal)
__f__=hearing and equilibrium (acoustic)
__b__= vision (optic)
__h__= movement of trapezius and sternomastoid (spinal accessory muscles)
__a__= smell (olfactory)
__e__= taste and fascial muscles (fascial)
, __c__= eye movement (occulomotor, trochlear, abducens)
__d__= chewing and face sensation (trigeminal)
__g__=talking and swallowing (glossopharyngeal and vagus)
What condition is the whole bodies response due to poor cellular oxygenation? -
ANSWER-Hypoperfusion; shock
*can be fatal
Match the classification of shock
1) ____ not enough blood volume (tank is low) ex: hemorrhage or severe
dehydration
2) ___ LV so weak that doesn't eject enough blood to support perfusion (pump
problem) ex: acute MI
3) ___ vasodilation; relative hypovolemia ex: sepsis
4) ____ constriction around heart doesn't allow blood to get out ex: cardiac
tamponade, tension pneumothorax
a) cardiogenic
b) distributive
c) hypovolemic
d) obstructive - ANSWER-1) c) hypovolemic
2) a) cardiogenic
3) b) distributive
4) d) obstructive
Match the following types of shock with what causes it
1) hemorrhage
2) cardiac tamponade
