CNAP|HHA EXAM STUDY GUIDE (NA 309) WITH ALL
CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY
GRADED A+
With an autoimmune illness the body/s ___________ system attacks normal tissue Correct
answer-Immune system
What does osteoporosis cause? Correct answer-A common type of arthritis that affects the elderly.
It may occur with aging or as the result of joint injury. Hips and knees, which are weight-bearing
joints, are usually affected. Joints of the fingers, thumbs, and spine can also be affected. Pain and
stiffness seem to increase in cold or damp weather.
Read Guidelines for caring for resident who have had hip replacements Correct answer-Keep often-
used items, such as medications, telephone, tissues, call light, and water, within easy reach. Avoid
placing items in high places.
Dress starting with the affected side first. Never rush the resident. Use praise and encouragement
often. Do this even for small tasks.
Ask the nurse to give pain medication prior to moving and positioning if needed.
Have the resident sit to do tasks if allowed. This saves energy. Follow the care plan exactly, even if the
resident wants to do more. Follow orders for weight-bearing.
An order may be written as partial weight bearing (PWB) or non-weight bearing (NWB).
Partial weight bearing means the resident is able to support some weight on one or both legs.
Non-weight bearing means the resident is unable to support any weight on one or both legs.
Full weight bearing (FWB) means that one or both legs can bear 100 percent of the body weight on a
step. Assist resident as needed with cane, walker, or crutches. Never perform range of motion
exercises on a leg on the side of a hip replacement unless directed by the nurse. Caution the resident
not to sit with his or her legs crossed or turn toes inward. The hip cannot be bent or flexed more
than 90 degrees. It cannot be turned inward or outward
When preparing to transfer the resident from the bed, a pillow should be used between the thighs to
keep the legs separated. The head of the bed can be raised to allow the resident to move her legs
over the side of the bed with the thighs still separated. It is better to transfer from the bed on the
side where the unaffected hip is so that the strong side leads in standing, pivoting, and sitting. With
chair or toilet transfers, the operative leg/knee should be straightened. The strong leg should stand
first (with a walker or crutches) before bringing the foot of the affected leg back to the
What does an anti-embolic stocking do? Correct answer-They aid circulation
What is a phantom sensation? Correct answer-After amputation, some people feel that the limb is
still there. They may feel pain in the part that has been amputated. It may last for a short time or for
several years - the pain is real from remaining nerve endings - never ignore or ridicule.
For a resident who has had a stroke - know what side should lead, what side to stand on, how to
refer to the weaker side, and if use of a gait belt is helpful to transfer resident Correct answer-
Weaknesses on the right side show that the left side of the brain was affected. Weaknesses on the
left side show that the right side of the brain was affected.
Assist the resident on their weaker side, Never use the term 'bad' but use weaker or involved.
Always use a gait belt for safety.
, Stand on the weaker side. Support the weaker (involved) side. Lead with the stronger (uninvolved)
side
Read Guidelines: Multiple Sclerosis Correct answer-A progressive disease that affects the central
nervous system.
Assist with ADLs as needed.
Be patient with self-care and movement. Allow enough time for tasks. Offer rest periods as
necessary. Give resident plenty of time to communicate. People with MS may have trouble forming
their thoughts. Be patient. Do not rush him or her.
Prevent falls, which may due to a lack of coordination, fatigue, or vision problems. Stress can worsen
the effects of MS. Be calm. Listen to residents when they want to talk. Encourage a healthy diet with
plenty of fluids.
Give excellent skin care to prevent pressure sores.
Assist with range of motion exercises exactly as ordered to prevent contractures and to strengthen
muscles.
Head or spinal injuries frequently cause paralysis or paresis Correct answer-Paresis is paralysis, or
loss of ability, that affects only part of the body. Often, paresis describes a weakness or loss of ability
on one side of the body.
Read about seizures & what should & should not be done Correct answer-Seizures are involuntary,
often violent, contractions of muscles. They can involve a small area or the entire body. Seizures are
caused by an abnormality in the brain.
Main goal: make the resident safe
Do: assist immediately, call the nurse, move furniture way to prevent injury, check breathing, report
and document.
Do Not: restrain, place hands near mouth of resident, give liquid or food
Read what Parkinson's disease can cause Correct answer-A progressive disease. It causes a section
of the brain to degenerate, and it affects the muscles, causing them to become stiff. In addition, it
causes stooped posture and a shuffling walk. It can also cause pillrolling. This is a circular movement
of the tips of the thumb and the index finger when brought together, which looks like rolling a pill.
Tremors or shaking make it hard for a person to perform ADLs such as eating and bathing.
Read Guidelines: Myocardial Infarction - re: smoking, diet, exercise, & what type of temperatures to
avoid Correct answer-When blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, oxygen and nutrients fail to
reach cells in that region and waste products are not removed and the muscle cells die. This is called
a MI, or heart attack.
Generally, residents who have had an MI will be placed on a regular exercise program.
Residents may be on a diet that is low in fat and cholesterol and/or a low-sodium diet. Medications
may be used to regulate heart rate and blood pressure.
Quitting smoking will be encouraged.
A stress management program may be started to help reduce stress levels.
Residents recovering from a heart attack may need to avoid exposure to cold temperatures.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) : Guidelines - read about diet & fluids, medication to remove excess
fluid & purpose of elastic stockings Correct answer-Medications help remove excess fluids. This
means more trips to the bathroom. Answer call lights promptly. Keep a portable commode nearby if
CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS|ALREADY
GRADED A+
With an autoimmune illness the body/s ___________ system attacks normal tissue Correct
answer-Immune system
What does osteoporosis cause? Correct answer-A common type of arthritis that affects the elderly.
It may occur with aging or as the result of joint injury. Hips and knees, which are weight-bearing
joints, are usually affected. Joints of the fingers, thumbs, and spine can also be affected. Pain and
stiffness seem to increase in cold or damp weather.
Read Guidelines for caring for resident who have had hip replacements Correct answer-Keep often-
used items, such as medications, telephone, tissues, call light, and water, within easy reach. Avoid
placing items in high places.
Dress starting with the affected side first. Never rush the resident. Use praise and encouragement
often. Do this even for small tasks.
Ask the nurse to give pain medication prior to moving and positioning if needed.
Have the resident sit to do tasks if allowed. This saves energy. Follow the care plan exactly, even if the
resident wants to do more. Follow orders for weight-bearing.
An order may be written as partial weight bearing (PWB) or non-weight bearing (NWB).
Partial weight bearing means the resident is able to support some weight on one or both legs.
Non-weight bearing means the resident is unable to support any weight on one or both legs.
Full weight bearing (FWB) means that one or both legs can bear 100 percent of the body weight on a
step. Assist resident as needed with cane, walker, or crutches. Never perform range of motion
exercises on a leg on the side of a hip replacement unless directed by the nurse. Caution the resident
not to sit with his or her legs crossed or turn toes inward. The hip cannot be bent or flexed more
than 90 degrees. It cannot be turned inward or outward
When preparing to transfer the resident from the bed, a pillow should be used between the thighs to
keep the legs separated. The head of the bed can be raised to allow the resident to move her legs
over the side of the bed with the thighs still separated. It is better to transfer from the bed on the
side where the unaffected hip is so that the strong side leads in standing, pivoting, and sitting. With
chair or toilet transfers, the operative leg/knee should be straightened. The strong leg should stand
first (with a walker or crutches) before bringing the foot of the affected leg back to the
What does an anti-embolic stocking do? Correct answer-They aid circulation
What is a phantom sensation? Correct answer-After amputation, some people feel that the limb is
still there. They may feel pain in the part that has been amputated. It may last for a short time or for
several years - the pain is real from remaining nerve endings - never ignore or ridicule.
For a resident who has had a stroke - know what side should lead, what side to stand on, how to
refer to the weaker side, and if use of a gait belt is helpful to transfer resident Correct answer-
Weaknesses on the right side show that the left side of the brain was affected. Weaknesses on the
left side show that the right side of the brain was affected.
Assist the resident on their weaker side, Never use the term 'bad' but use weaker or involved.
Always use a gait belt for safety.
, Stand on the weaker side. Support the weaker (involved) side. Lead with the stronger (uninvolved)
side
Read Guidelines: Multiple Sclerosis Correct answer-A progressive disease that affects the central
nervous system.
Assist with ADLs as needed.
Be patient with self-care and movement. Allow enough time for tasks. Offer rest periods as
necessary. Give resident plenty of time to communicate. People with MS may have trouble forming
their thoughts. Be patient. Do not rush him or her.
Prevent falls, which may due to a lack of coordination, fatigue, or vision problems. Stress can worsen
the effects of MS. Be calm. Listen to residents when they want to talk. Encourage a healthy diet with
plenty of fluids.
Give excellent skin care to prevent pressure sores.
Assist with range of motion exercises exactly as ordered to prevent contractures and to strengthen
muscles.
Head or spinal injuries frequently cause paralysis or paresis Correct answer-Paresis is paralysis, or
loss of ability, that affects only part of the body. Often, paresis describes a weakness or loss of ability
on one side of the body.
Read about seizures & what should & should not be done Correct answer-Seizures are involuntary,
often violent, contractions of muscles. They can involve a small area or the entire body. Seizures are
caused by an abnormality in the brain.
Main goal: make the resident safe
Do: assist immediately, call the nurse, move furniture way to prevent injury, check breathing, report
and document.
Do Not: restrain, place hands near mouth of resident, give liquid or food
Read what Parkinson's disease can cause Correct answer-A progressive disease. It causes a section
of the brain to degenerate, and it affects the muscles, causing them to become stiff. In addition, it
causes stooped posture and a shuffling walk. It can also cause pillrolling. This is a circular movement
of the tips of the thumb and the index finger when brought together, which looks like rolling a pill.
Tremors or shaking make it hard for a person to perform ADLs such as eating and bathing.
Read Guidelines: Myocardial Infarction - re: smoking, diet, exercise, & what type of temperatures to
avoid Correct answer-When blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, oxygen and nutrients fail to
reach cells in that region and waste products are not removed and the muscle cells die. This is called
a MI, or heart attack.
Generally, residents who have had an MI will be placed on a regular exercise program.
Residents may be on a diet that is low in fat and cholesterol and/or a low-sodium diet. Medications
may be used to regulate heart rate and blood pressure.
Quitting smoking will be encouraged.
A stress management program may be started to help reduce stress levels.
Residents recovering from a heart attack may need to avoid exposure to cold temperatures.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) : Guidelines - read about diet & fluids, medication to remove excess
fluid & purpose of elastic stockings Correct answer-Medications help remove excess fluids. This
means more trips to the bathroom. Answer call lights promptly. Keep a portable commode nearby if
