NR 509 APEA EXAM 2025 ADVANCED
PHYSICAL
ASSESSMENT- QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.
Question 1 The function of
the auditory ossicles is to:
a. transmit the light reflex to the light cone.
b. transform sound vibrations into mechanical waves for the
inner ear.
c. to capture sound waves from the external ear for
transmission into the middle ear.
d. to separate the inner ear from the middle ear.
Explanation:
The function of the auditory ossicles is to transform sound
vibrations into mechanical waves for the inner ear
,Question 2
A 35-year-old patient complains of vertigo accompanied by
nausea and vomiting. Examination reveals bilateral diplopia
and an unsteady gait. These symptoms could be suggestive
of:
a. an arrhythmia.
b. a neurological condition.
c. an inner ear infection.
d. orthostatic hypotension.
Explanation:
Vertigo symptoms associated with neurologic conditions include:
ataxia, diplopia, and dysarthria. Symptoms associated with
cardiovascular conditions and vertigo include arrhythmias,
orthostatic hypotension, vasovagal stimulation, lightheadedness,
weakness, or presyncope.
Question 3:
A 60-year-old was concerned about a yellowish colored lesion
above her right eyelid. Findings revealed a slightly raised
yellowish, well circumscribed plaque along the nasal area of her
right eyelid. This finding is most consistent with:
a. a pinguecula.
b. a chalazion.
, c. episcleritis.
d. xanthelasma.
Explanation:
Slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed plaques appearing
along the nasal area of one or both eyelids are consistent with lipid
disorders and called xanthelasma. Pinguecula refer to harmless,
yellowish, triangular nodules in the bulbar conjunctiva on either
side of the iris. A chalazion is a nontender nodule usually on the
underside of the eyelid. Episcleritis is an ocular inflammation of the
episcleral vessels.
Question 4
Assessment of a patient's visual acuity resulted in 20/200 using
the Snellen eye chart. This means that:
a. at 200 feet the patient can read printed information that a
person with normal vision could read at 20 feet.
b. at 20 feet the patient can read printed information that a
person with normal vision could read at 200 feet.
c. the patient has normal visual acuity.
d. the patient may not be able to read so he should be tested
with the picture or "E" eye charts.
, Explanation:
Visual acuity that is corrected to 20/200 constitutes legal
blindness. The larger the number under 20, the worse the visual
acuity. If this is a new finding, the patient needs ophthalmologic
evaluation.
Question 5
Findings following assessment of a person's left eye gaze include
impaired movements when attempting to look upward,
downward, or inward. This condition is most consistent with:
a. a conjugate gaze.
b. left cranial nerve III (oculomotor) paralysis
c. cranial nerve IV (trochlear) paralysis.
d. cranial nerve VI (abducens) paralysis.
Explanation:
With a left cranial nerve III paralysis, upward, downward, or
inward movements are impaired. In conjugate or normal gaze, the
normal movement of the two eyes appears simultaneously in the
same direction to bring something into view. With a left cranial
nerve VI paralysis, a person's gaze would include eyes conjugate
when looking to the right, esotropia (one or both eyes turn inward)
appears in the left eye when looking straight ahead, and
esotropia is maximum in the left eye when looking to the left. The
PHYSICAL
ASSESSMENT- QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS.
Question 1 The function of
the auditory ossicles is to:
a. transmit the light reflex to the light cone.
b. transform sound vibrations into mechanical waves for the
inner ear.
c. to capture sound waves from the external ear for
transmission into the middle ear.
d. to separate the inner ear from the middle ear.
Explanation:
The function of the auditory ossicles is to transform sound
vibrations into mechanical waves for the inner ear
,Question 2
A 35-year-old patient complains of vertigo accompanied by
nausea and vomiting. Examination reveals bilateral diplopia
and an unsteady gait. These symptoms could be suggestive
of:
a. an arrhythmia.
b. a neurological condition.
c. an inner ear infection.
d. orthostatic hypotension.
Explanation:
Vertigo symptoms associated with neurologic conditions include:
ataxia, diplopia, and dysarthria. Symptoms associated with
cardiovascular conditions and vertigo include arrhythmias,
orthostatic hypotension, vasovagal stimulation, lightheadedness,
weakness, or presyncope.
Question 3:
A 60-year-old was concerned about a yellowish colored lesion
above her right eyelid. Findings revealed a slightly raised
yellowish, well circumscribed plaque along the nasal area of her
right eyelid. This finding is most consistent with:
a. a pinguecula.
b. a chalazion.
, c. episcleritis.
d. xanthelasma.
Explanation:
Slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed plaques appearing
along the nasal area of one or both eyelids are consistent with lipid
disorders and called xanthelasma. Pinguecula refer to harmless,
yellowish, triangular nodules in the bulbar conjunctiva on either
side of the iris. A chalazion is a nontender nodule usually on the
underside of the eyelid. Episcleritis is an ocular inflammation of the
episcleral vessels.
Question 4
Assessment of a patient's visual acuity resulted in 20/200 using
the Snellen eye chart. This means that:
a. at 200 feet the patient can read printed information that a
person with normal vision could read at 20 feet.
b. at 20 feet the patient can read printed information that a
person with normal vision could read at 200 feet.
c. the patient has normal visual acuity.
d. the patient may not be able to read so he should be tested
with the picture or "E" eye charts.
, Explanation:
Visual acuity that is corrected to 20/200 constitutes legal
blindness. The larger the number under 20, the worse the visual
acuity. If this is a new finding, the patient needs ophthalmologic
evaluation.
Question 5
Findings following assessment of a person's left eye gaze include
impaired movements when attempting to look upward,
downward, or inward. This condition is most consistent with:
a. a conjugate gaze.
b. left cranial nerve III (oculomotor) paralysis
c. cranial nerve IV (trochlear) paralysis.
d. cranial nerve VI (abducens) paralysis.
Explanation:
With a left cranial nerve III paralysis, upward, downward, or
inward movements are impaired. In conjugate or normal gaze, the
normal movement of the two eyes appears simultaneously in the
same direction to bring something into view. With a left cranial
nerve VI paralysis, a person's gaze would include eyes conjugate
when looking to the right, esotropia (one or both eyes turn inward)
appears in the left eye when looking straight ahead, and
esotropia is maximum in the left eye when looking to the left. The
