GRE Psychology Subject A+ Graded Test Exam Questions With 100% Correct And Verified Answers 2025

GRE Psychology Subject A+
Graded Test Exam Questions
With 100% Correct And Verified
Answers 2025
Learningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Thelrelativelylpermanentlorlstablelchangelinlbehaviorlaslthel
resultloflexperience

E.L.lThorndikel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Thislmanlsuggestedlthellawlofleffect,lprecursorlofloperantlco
nditioning.

LawloflEffectl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
E.L.lThorndike'slidealthatlpostulatedlalcause-and-
effectlchainloflbehaviorlrevolvinglaroundlreinforcement.lAny
lbehaviorlthatlislfollowedlbylrewardlisllikelyltolbelrepeated.lO

nelfollowedlbylunpleasantlconsequenceslisllikelyltolbelstopp
ed.

KurtlLewinl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Thislmanldevelopedltheltheoryloflassociation,lforerunnerlofl
behaviorism.

TheoryloflAssociationl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Organismslassociatelcertainlbehaviorslwithlcertainlrewardsl
andlcertainlcueslwithlcertainlsituations.lPrecursorltolPavlov'
slClassicallConditioning.

IvanlPavlovl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Helislfamouslforlworklonldigestion.lDevelopedlClassicallCon
ditioning.




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,Classical/lPavlovianlConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Alconceptlthatlinvolveslteachinglanlorganismltolrespondltolal
neutrallstimuluslbylpairinglthelneutrallstimuluslwithlalnot-
so-neutrallstimulus.

JohnlB.lWatsonl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Helfoundedlthelschoolloflbehaviorism.lHelbelievedlthatlevery
thinglcanlbelexplainedlbylstimulus-
responselchainslandlthatlconditioninglwaslthelkeylfactorlinld
evelopingltheselchains.lONLYlOBJECTIVElandlOBSERVABLE
lelementslwereloflimportanceltolorganismslandlpsychology.



B.F.lSkinnerl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Thislmanldevelopedloperantlconditioning.

OperantlConditioning/lInstrumentallConditioningl-
lCORRECTlANSWERS-

Thislconceptloflbehaviorlbeinglinfluencedlprimarilylbylreinfo
rcement.lThelSkinnerlBoxlwaslusedltoldeveloplthislidea:ltolco
nditionlratsltolperformlanlunnaturallbehavior--
pressinglthelleverlinlthelskinnerlbox.

NeutrallStimulusl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Alstimuluslthatldoeslnotlproducelalspecificlresponselonlitslo
wn.

UnconditionedlStimulusl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Withoutlconditioning,lthislstimuluslelicitslalresponse.

ConditionedlStimulusl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
ThelneutrallstimulusloncelitlhaslbeenlpairedlwithlthelUCS.

UnconditionedlResponsel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
ThelnaturallyloccurringlresponseltolthelUCS.

ConditionedlResponsel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
ThelresponselthatlthelCSlelicitslafterlconditioning.lOftenltim
es,litlislthelsamelaslthelUCR.



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,SimultaneouslConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
AlconditioningltechniquelwherelthelUCSlandlthelCSlarelpres
entedlatlthelsameltime.

HigherlOrder/lSecond-OderlConditioningl-
lCORRECTlANSWERS-

AlconditioningltechniquelinlwhichlalpreviouslCSlnowlactslasl
alUCS.

ForwardlConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
AlconditioningltechniquelinlwhichlthelCSlislpresentedlbefore
lthelUCS



DelayedlConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
ThelpresentationloflthelCSlbeginslbeforelthatloflthelUCslandl
lastsluntillthelUCSlislpresented.

TracelConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
ThelCSlstimuluslislpresentedlandlterminatedlbeforelthelUCSl
islpresented.

BackwardlConditioningl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
AlconditioningltechniquelinlwhichlthelCSlislpresentedlafterlt
helUCSlislpresented.lItlprovesltolbelineffective.lProduceslanli
nhibitorylconditioningleffect.

Shaping/
lDifferentiallReinforcementloflSuccessivelApproximationsl-

lCORRECTlANSWERS-

Alprocesslwherelthelexperimenterlgraduallylmoldslanlorgani
smlbylreinforcinglanylresponseslsimilarltoltheldesiredlrespo
nse.

PrimarylReinforcementl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Somethinglthatlislreinforcinglonlitslownlwithoutlthelrequire
mentlofllearning.lEx.lWaterlandlFood.




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, SecondarylReinforcementl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Allearnedlreinforcer,loftenllearnedlthroughlsociety.lEx.lMon
ey

PositivelReinforcementl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Altypeloflrewardlorlpositiveleventlactinglaslalstimuluslthatlin
creaseslthellikelihoodloflalparticularlresponse.

NegativelReinforcementl-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Reinforcementlthroughlthelremovalloflalnegativelevent.

ContinuouslReinforcementlSchedulel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Alschedulelwhereleverylcorrectlresponselislmetlwithlsomelfor
mloflreinforcement.lThisltypeloflreinforcementlstrategylfacil
itateslthelquickestllearninglbutlmostlfragilellearningl(aslsoo
nlaslthelrewardslstoplcoming,lthelanimallstopslperforming).

PartiallReinforcementlSchedulel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Inlthislschedule,lnotlalllcorrectlresponseslarelmetlwithlreinf
orcement.lThisltypeloflreinforcementlstrategylmaylrequirelal
longerllearningltime,lbutloncellearned,ltheselbehaviorslarel
morelresistantltolextinction.lTherelarelfourltypesloflthislsche
dule.

FixedlRatiolSchedulel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Alpartiallreinforcementlschedulelwherelalreinforcementlisld
eliveredlafterlalconsistentlnumberloflresponses.lThelpowerlo
fldrugladdictionlhaslbeenlprovenlusinglthislschedule.lThelbe
haviorlislvulnerableltolextinction.

VariablelRatiolSchedulel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Inlthislpartiallreinforcementlschedule,lreinforcementslareld
eliveredlafterldifferentlnumbersloflcorrectlresponses.lThelra
tiolcannotlbelpredicted.lLearningltakeslthelmostltimeltolocc
ur,lbutlthellearninglislleastllikelyltolbecomelextinguished.lEx
.lSlotlMachines

FixedlIntervallSchedulel-lCORRECTlANSWERS-
Alpartiallreinforcementlschedulelwherelrewardslcomelafterlt


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